Topic 1 cell biology Flashcards
Three types of cells
Animal, plant, and bacteria.
cells with nucleus and without
Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
Things in animal cell
nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes, and mitochondria
Things in plant cells
nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes, mitochondria, cell wall, permanent vacuole, and chloroplast.
things in bacteria cells
Cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, a strand of DNA, and plasmids.
Magnification formula
Image size = magnifcation X real image size
Cell differentiation
A process when a cell change to become specialized for its job.
Examples of specialized cells
The sperm cell, nerve cell, Muscle cell, root hair cell, and Phloem and xylem cells.
what is Mitosis
cell division that results in two daughter cells
each have same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus,
what are Chromosomes
Genetic material
made up of 23 pairs,
one mother and one father.
what are Stem cell
Embryonic stem cells can turn into any cell, undifferentiated cells, called stem cells can divide into more stem cells. Can cure diseases.
what is Diffusion
Diffusion is the spreading out of particles from an area of higher concentration to a lower concentration. Examples; glucose, amino acids, and oxygen.
what is Osmosis
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to a lower water concentration.
what is Active transport
In a root hair cell, active transport is the movement of minerals from the soil (lower concentration) to the plant (higher concentration)
Exchange substances (lungs)
In the lungs, there are millions of sacs called alveoli where gas exchange takes place.
