topic 2 Goodfellow

Question 1

what are the five key traits of plants ?

Answer 1

1. apical meristems
2. alternation of generations
3. walled spores produced in sporangia
4. multicellular gametangia
5. multicellular dependent embryos

Question 2

what are apical meristems?

Answer 2

the primary body of the plants grows in two directions (up and down) from two distinct points of growth - the root and the shoot apical meristems (meristem = embryonic tissue allowing continual growth)

Question 3

what is the alternation of (heteromorphic generations)

Answer 3

plants have spores not gametes, spores continously divide into another organism

haploid body makes gametes

Question 4

where are walled spores produced ?

Answer 4

in the sporangia

Question 5

what are spores?

Answer 5

spores are haploid reproductive cells that will grow into the gametophyte generation. the polymer sporopollenin makes the spore coat very tough and resistant to desiccation

Question 6

name the plant generation that gives rise to gametes

Answer 6

gametophyte (gamete growing plant)

Question 7

name the plant that gives rise to spores

Answer 7

sporophyte (spore growing plant)

Question 8

what are some advantages of an aquatic environment

Answer 8

water contains co2 and nutrients

water supports the organism

water disperses the gametes

Question 9

what are some challenges of a terrestrial environment

Answer 9

the air can dessicate

split nutrient supply unlike water (co2 from aire minerals from soil)

growth against gravity

difficult to disperse gametes in a thin air medium

Question 10

what are some rewards of living in a terrestrial environment

what are some adaptations needed

Answer 10

lots of nutrients from soil

lots of co2 and sunlight

initially few predators or pathogens

adaptations

roots stems leaves

cuticle water proofing

seed delivery system for the embryo

stomata control water loss and gas exchange