TAFE DOWNGRADAZ Flashcards
what are the 7 major nutrient groups
water carbohydrates fats proteins vitamins minerals and trace elements fibre
define nutrition
food which supports life in a living being
what are carbs function?
provides energy and can be converted into fat
what is proteins function?
building blocks for the body
involved in growth maintenance and reproduction
can be metabolised to provide energy
what is fats function?
fats provide energy and store excess energy
fats help produce body heat and carry fat soluble vitamins in the body
what are the functions of vitamins?
organic substances needed in the diet
essential for normal body functions such as digestion, cell metabolism, growth and reproduction
fat soluble or water soluble
what letters represent vitamins?
A D E K Bgroup and C
what does vitamin c provide?
keeps epithelial tissues healthy
acts as an antioxidant
what animals cant manufacture vitamin c
primates and Guinea pigs
if guinee pigs or any animal doesnt get enough vitamin c what can it cause ?
scurvy
what are scurvys symptoms ?
lethargy, weakness, lack of movement, rough coat, poor skin condition.
what do minerals and trace elements provide?
MATERIAL FOR GROWTH OF BONES, TEETH AND TISSUE AND ALSO HELP REGULATE MANY OF THE BODYS CHEMICAL PROCESSES.
what is the difference between macro minerals and micro minerals?
macro minerals required in small but significant amounts
micro minerals required in very small amounts
what supplements can be given to guinie pigs for vitamin c?
kale, citrus, powder medicated water
fibre function?
Portion of ingested foodstuffs that cannot be broken down by enzymes or microbes
Passes through the intestine and colon undigested
helps maintain healthy digestive system
what is digestions process?
process where fats, proteins and carbs are broken down into amino acids, sugars or fatty acids. these along with vitamins and minerals are absorbed through the small intestine and transported to the tissues where they are used for growth energy maintenance and repair.
saliva function?
lubrication for food to travel down into the oesophagus an facilitate with swallowing
oesophagus function
transports food towards the stomach in a wave like motion called peristalsis
stomach function
acid filled sac that stores and breaks down large volumes of food. the acid breaks up proteins, carbs and fats. the partially digested food then enters the duodenum the first section of the small intestine
small intestine (SI) function
nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream via the SI. it then assists with further breakdown of proteins, carbs and fats.
large intestine
Primary function is to absorb water from faeces. it connects the small intestine to the anus and excretes waste material as faecal matter.
what are carnivores what do they eat?
carnivors are organisms that only eat other animals
diet consists of mainly meat
sharp pointed teeth for cutting and tearing
most digestion takes place in the simple stomach (mono gastric) and small intestine
(examples cats, wolves, ferrets)
what do herbivores eat?
an organism that eats only plants
what are the two types of herbivore fermenters
reminany/foregut fermenter or hindgut fermenter
