TOPIC 2 Flashcards
What 7 issues were affecting Germany by the end of 1923? (At least 4)
1.) Poor decisions made by the government
2.) French occupation of the Ruhr
3.) High unemployment
4.) Political instability and unrest (increasing no. of rebellions etc.)
5.) Poor international reputation
6.) Unachievable amounts of ToV reparations
7.) Hyperinflation
How long was Gustav Stresemann Chancellor, then how long was he Foreign Minister for?
1.) Chancellor for 3 MONTHS
2.) Foreign Minister for 5 years (1924-1929)
What was the Rentenmark and how did it help the German people?
1.) The Rentenmark was a temporary currency that was issued in limited amounts
2.) Restored the faith in German people on currency
When was the Dawes plan and who agreed to it?
The Dawes plan was in 1924
It was a deal between Stresemann (Germany) and America
What did the Dawes Plan do and how much money was given to Germany?
The Dawes plan reduced the annual payment for reparations and USA loaned 800 million marks to Germany
What did the Dawes plan do additionally? (E.g banks, the Ruhr)
The Reichsbank would be reorganised with Allied help and the Ruhr would be left alone
What was the Locarno Pact and what did it do internationally?
Germany, France and Belgium all agreed to the borders in the ToV and so co-operations over terms could be discussed
Marked Germany’s return to the European international scene
When was the Locarno Pact signed?
1925
What happened to Germany in terms of the League of Nations?
Germany was allowed back into the League of Nations and returned to ‘Great Power’ status
What was the Kellog-Briand Pact and what did it do?
An agreement that meant all countries used their armies only for self defence and resolve conflict peacefully. It restored Germany’s relations with the rest of Europe and the USA
When was the Kellog-Briand Pact and how many countries agreed to it?
It was signed in 1928, and 62 countries signed the Pact
When was the Young Plan signed?
1929
What did the Young Plan do?
The Young Plan reduced the reparation from £6600 million (£6.6 billion) to £1850 million (around a 20% reduction) and gave Germany 59 years to pay for it. This meant that Germany had more time.
Put in order: Reichsmark, Dawes Plan, Rentenmark, Locarno Pact and the leaving of the Ruhr, League of Nations, Young Plan, Kellog-Briand Pact
1.) Rentenmark in 1923
2.) Reichsmark in 1924
3.) Dawes Plan in 1924
4.) Leaving of the Ruhr and Locarno Pact in 1925
5.) Germany in the League of Nations in 1926
5.) Kellog-Briand Pact in 1928
6.) Young Plan in 1929
In what way did the Golden Age help democracy? (3 points)
1.) 1924-1929= greater political stability (SOCIAL DEMOCRATS WON UNTIL 1930)
2.) Women over the age of 20 could vote- 90% of them did
3.) 10% of the Reichstag were female
In what way did the Golden Age help in terms of economy? (4 points)
1.) Hourly wages rose every year from 1924-1930- IT ROSE 10% IN 1928 ALONE
2.) Pension and sickness benefit schemes were introduced
3.) Compulsory unemployment insurance
4.) 1.4 MILLION OUT OF 65 MILLION WERE UNEMPLOYED
In what way did the Golden Age help in terms of economy? (4 points)
1.) Hourly wages rose every year from 1924-1930- IT ROSE 10% IN 1928 ALONE
2.) Pension and sickness benefit schemes were introduced
3.) Compulsory unemployment insurance
4.) 1.4 MILLION OUT OF 65 MILLION WERE UNEMPLOYED
What is article 109? (Golden Age and equality)
It meant that women were fully equal to men, in marriage or in work
How did the Golden Age impact women?
Only 35% of women were employed in 1925
What are three weaknesses of Article 109?
1.) It wasn’t actually working
2.) Women were paid less
3.) Less women had high status jobs
How did the Golden Age impact agriculture and farmers? (5 points)
1.) Farmers experienced problems
2.) They were affected by worldwide agricultural depression
3.) Lack of profit
4.) Even greater debt
5.) IN 1929, THERE WAS 26% LOWER PRODUCTION THAN BEFORE THE WAR
How did the Golden Age help the LGBTQ community?
1.) BERLIN WAS HOME TO AROUND 85,000 LESBIANS and around 100 LGBT CLUBS AND BARS
How did the Golden Age impact entertainment, such as theatre? (2 points)
1.) Cinemas explored much deeper themes- e.g. CRIME, IMMORTALITY, SOCIAL DECAY AND GREED
2.) New cinematic genres were GOTHIC HORROR and FILM NOIR (explores the darker aspects of human behaviour)
