Topic 1a- Cells Flashcards
1
Q
What are the main organelles in animal cells?
A
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- mitochondira
- ribosomes
- cell membrane
2
Q
What are the main organelles in plant cells?
A
- cell membrane
- cell wall
- permenant vacuole
- ribosomes
- mitochondira
- chloroplasts
- cytoplasm
- nucleus
3
Q
Name the main organelles in a bacterial cell.
A
- cell wall
- cell membrane
- plasmids
- circular strand DNA
- cytoplasm
4
Q
What cells are eukaryotes / prokaryotes
A
Eukaryotes:
* animal cells
* plant cells
Prokatyotes:
* bacteria
5
Q
How is a sperm cell specialised for its function?
A
- long tail, streamlined head to help it swim to the egg
- lots of mitochondria to provide energy needed
- enzymes in its head to break through the egg cell membrane
6
Q
How is a nerve cell specialised for its function?
A
- long to carry electrical signals from one part of the body to another
- branched connections at their ends to connect to other nerve cells
7
Q
How is a muscle cell specialised for its function?
A
- long so that they have space to contract
- contain lots of mitochondria to transfer the energy needed for contraction
8
Q
How is a root hair cell specialised for its function?
A
- large surface area for absorbing water and mineral ions from the soil.
9
Q
How are phloem and xylem cells specialised for their functions?
A
- long and joined end to end to transport substances
- xylem cells are hollow in the centre
- phloem cells have few sub cellular structures so that substances can flow through them
10
Q
What is cell differentiation?
A
The process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job.
11
Q
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
A
23 pairs
