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psych > TOPIC 13 - personality disorders > Flashcards

TOPIC 13 - personality disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

cluster A personality disorders

A

Cluster A: (odd, eccentric)
paranoid, schizoid and schizotypal

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2
Q

cluster B personality disorders

A

Cluster B: (dramatic, emotional, erratic)
antisocial, borderline, histrionic and narcissistic

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3
Q

cluster C personality disorders

A

Cluster C: (anxious, fearful)
avoidant, dependent and obsessive-compulsive

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4
Q

what happens in people with personality disorders

A

personality traits are exaggerated and rigid to the point that they cause dysfunction in their relationships.

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5
Q

core symptoms of personality disorders

A

enduring pattern of inner experience or behavior that deviates from the norm which is apparent in the persons thinking, affect, relationships, and impulse control

seen in personal and social situations

significant distress or impaired functioning

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6
Q

when do personality disorders emerge

A

in adolescence

effected by combination of hereditary and temperamental traits plus environmental and developmental events

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7
Q

childhood trauma can result in what types of personality disorders

A

borderline PD or antisocial PD

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8
Q

groups at higher risks for PD’s

A

Native Americans
African-Americans
Young adults
Lower socioeconomic status
Divorced, separated, widowed, or never married

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9
Q

groups at lower risk for PD

A

Asian families
Jewish families

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10
Q

paranoid personality disorder

A

pervasive distrust and suspiciousness
preemptively attack others they feel threatened by
distorted thinking
holding grudges
do not confide in others
hostility, irritable, jealous, fearfully and confrontational

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11
Q

schizoid personality disorder

A

pervasive pattern of social detachment
restricted range of emotional expression
do not seek or out or enjoy close relationships
often indifferent to criticism or praise
may appear detached, aloof, cold
often fail to reciprocate gestures or facial expressions
most rare

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12
Q

schizotypal personality disorders

A

odd belief or magical thinking that influences behavior and is inconsistent with subcultural norms
in children and adolescents - bizarre fantasy
unusual perceptual experiences
odd thinking and speech
suspiciousness or paranoid ideation
inappropriate or constricted affect
lack of close friends
excessive social anxiety

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13
Q

which type of personality disorder has a high link of developing latent schizophrenia

A

schizotypal personality disorder

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14
Q

antisocial personality disorder

A

pervasive pattern of disregard for or violation of rights of others
deceitful
irritable and aggressive
irresponsible
reckless disregard for safety
lack of remorse

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15
Q

histrionic personality disorder

A

characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking
often flirty
need to be center of attention
can appear disingenuous and insincere
flamboyant
flighty, fickle
highly suggestible and easily influenced
difficulty cultivating intimate personal relationships

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16
Q

narcissistic personality disorder

A

grandiose sense of self importance
preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty
requires excessive admiration
sense of entitlement
is interpersonally exploitative
lacks empathy
envious of other
arrogant

17
Q

borderline personality disorder

A

often present in crisis
powerless, vulnerable
high sensitivity to emotional triggers
inappropriate or intense anger
strong fear of abandonment
intense and unstable relationships
impulsive
compulsive shopping
frequent SI or self harm

18
Q

avoidant personality disorder

A

avoids occupational activities involving significant interpersonal contact
unwilling to get involved with people
shows restraint within intimate relationships
preoccupied with being criticized or rejected in social situations
inhibited in new interpersonal situations
views self as unappealing or inferior
unusually reluctant to take personal risks or to engage in new activities

19
Q

dependent personality disorder

A

strong need to be cared for by others
clingy behavior
easily submits to desires and wishes of others
goes to great lengths to avoid conflcit
vulnerable to manipulation
finds it difficult to be alone

20
Q

obsessive compulsive personality disorder

A

Preoccupied with details, rules, lists, order, organization, or schedules
Perfectionism interferes with task completion
Excessively devoted to work & productivity (to the exclusion of leisure activities and friendships)
Overly conscientious, scrupulous, and inflexible
Often unable to discard worn-out or worthless objects
Reluctant to delegate tasks or to work with others unless they submit to exactly his or her way of doing things
Miserly spending style
Shows rigidity and stubbornness

21
Q

nursing care for personality disorders

A

Develop relationship based on empathy and trust, while maintaining appropriate boundaries
Remain alert to suicide risk
Promote effective coping and problem solving
Promote development and engagement with their support network
Work collaboratively with staff to ensure consistency in treatment and approach
Support and promote self care and coping for families or significant others of the client

22
Q

therapies for personality disorders

A

Psychotherapy
Psychodynamic Therapy
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Dialectical Behavior Therapy
STEPPS

23
Q

primary focus for DBT

A

Stabilizing client, achieving behavioral control, regulating emotions, developing distress tolerance skills, and constantly using crisis interventions

24
Q

target behaviors include decreasing

A

Life-threatening suicidal behaviors
Therapy-interfering behaviors
Quality-of-life interfering behaviors

25
Q

STEPPS

A

20 week manual driven program
reduces intensity of core aspects of BPD
does NOT reduce hospital utilization and SI

26
Q

ways to set limits on manipulative behaviors

A

Arguing or begging
Using flattery or seductiveness
Instilling guilt and clinging
Constantly seeking attention
Pitting one person, staff member, or group against another
Frequently disregarding the rules
Constant engaging in power struggles
Exhibiting angry, demanding behaviors

27
Q

avoid what with managing maladaptive behaviors

A

Discussing yourself or other staff members with client
Promising to keep a secret
Accepting gifts from client
Doing special favors for client

28
Q

communication strategies

A

identify and discuss what precedes impulsive acts
explore effects on self and others
recognize cues
identify triggers
discuss alternative behaviors
teach coping skills

29
Q

pharmacological therapies for PD

A

meds treat symptoms
benzos are NOT appropriate because of potential for abuse and overdose

SSRIs - depression and panic attacks
trazodone and venlafaxine - low toxicity
carbamazepine - target impulsivity and self harm
lithium, anticonvulsant, SSRI - minimize aggression
atypical antipsychotics - help with psychotic features when under stress

psych (15 decks)

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