TOPIC 1 - foundations

Question 1

psychiatric nursing was not taught until

Answer 1

1950s

Question 2

psychotropic drugs first developed in

Answer 2

early 1950s

Question 3

community mental health center act of 1963

Answer 3

push towards community care rather than institutionalization when possible

Question 4

DSM-5

Answer 4

official manual for psychiatric medical diagnosis

Question 5

what can PMH-APRN nurses do that RN’s cannot?

Answer 5

prescribe and perform counseling/psychotherapy consultations
report duty to warn

Question 6

milieu refers to

Answer 6

the environment in which holistic treatment occurs and includes all members of the treatment team

Question 7

boundary violations

Answer 7

actions that overstep established boundaries to meet the needs of the nurse

Question 8

SAMHSA’s six key principles of trauma informed approach

Answer 8

1. safety
2. trustworthy and transparent
3. peer support
4. collaboration and mutuality
5. empowerment, voice, and choice
6. cultural, historical, and gender issues

Question 9

differences in types of mental health admissions

Answer 9

voluntary - inpatient or outpatient
emergency involuntary - limited, observational, inpatient
involuntary - long term, inpatient or outpatient

Question 10

concepts of due process

Answer 10

writ of habeus corpus
least restrictive alternative doctrine

Question 11

Tarasoff doctrine - duty to warn

Answer 11

assess and predict risk of violence to others
assess likelihood client will act of expressed threats
identify specific individuals being threatened
identify appropriate actions to protect victims

Question 12

child abuse reporting vs elder abuse reporting

Answer 12

child abuse is required in all states, elder abuse is not

Question 13

willfully not reporting suspected abuse, neglect, or exploitation is

Answer 13

a misdemeanor

Question 14

seclusion vs restraint

Answer 14

seclusion - involuntary confinement of a person alone in a room or area from which the person is physically prevented from leaving.

restraint - any manual method, physical or mechanical device, material, or equipment that immobilizes or reduces the ability of a person to move his or her arms, legs, body, or head freely.

Question 15

restraints of use of seclusion is only permitted when

Answer 15

there is a written prescription by provider and the prescription includes a specific time limit for the intervention + criteria for release

continuous observation is required every 15 min

Question 16

documentation for restraint and seclusion use

Answer 16

clients behavior leading to restraint
less invasive interventions attempted
time client is placed in and released from
assessments and observations of client during intervention
debriefing after intervention (with client input)

Question 17

double bind messages

Answer 17

sent to create meaning, can be defensively used to hide what is actually going on

Question 18

therapeutic communication techniques

Answer 18

silence, accepting, giving recognition, offering self, broad openings, encouraging description of perception, encourage comparison, restate, reflect, clarification, verbalize the implied, translate into feelings, summarize, formulate plan

Question 19

non-therapeutic communication techniques

Answer 19

excessive questions, giving approval agreeing, disapproving, premature advice, “why” questions, minimize feelings, false reassurance, judging values, changing the subject, extensive silence

Question 20

freud’s psychoanalytic theory

Answer 20

believed adult personality develops based on early childhood experiences within developmental stages

Question 21

sullivan’s interpersonal theory

Answer 21

the purpose of all behavior is to get needs met through interpersonal interactions and to decrease or avoid anxiety

anxiety arises in fundamental conflicts between individuals and their environments

Question 22

peplau’s theory was influenced by …

Answer 22

sullivan’s work

Question 23

nurse client relationship according to peplau

Answer 23

orientation phase
working phase - identification and exploitation
resolution/termination

Question 24

behavioral theories - pavlov’s classical conditioning

Answer 24

pairing a behavior with a condition that reinforces or diminishes the behaviors occurrence

Question 25

behavioral theories - skinner’s operant conditioning

Answer 25

voluntary behaviors occur more frequently with positive reinforcement

Question 26

cognitive behavioral therapies

Answer 26

identify and tests distorted beliefs allowing client to change way of thinking and improve behavior

Question 27

ABC theory of cognitive therapy

Answer 27

automatic thought, beliefs, consequence of belief

Question 28

moral component of personality structure according to freud

Answer 28

superego

Question 29

psychoanalytic theory

Answer 29

freud

Question 30

interpersonal theory

Answer 30

sullivan, papleu

Question 31

behavioral theory

Answer 31

pavlov, watson, skinner

Question 32

cognitive theory

Answer 32

beck