Topic 1 (text book terms)

Question 1

atom

Answer 1

a basic unit of matter that cannot be broken down by normal chemical reactions

Question 2

biology

Answer 2

the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environments

Question 3

biosphere

Answer 3

a collection of all ecosystems on Earth

Question 4

cell

Answer 4

the smallest fundamental unit of structure and function in living things

Question 5

community

Answer 5

a set of populations inhabiting a particular area

Question 6

ecosystem

Answer 6

all living things in a particular area together with the abiotic, nonliving parts of that environment

Question 7

eukaryote

Answer 7

an organism with cells that have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles

Question 8

evolution

Answer 8

the process of gradual change in a population that can also lead to new species arising from older species

Question 9

homeostasis

Answer 9

the ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions

Question 10

macromolecule

Answer 10

a large molecule typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules

Question 11

molecule

Answer 11

a chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by a chemical bond

Question 12

organ

Answer 12

a structure formed of tissues operating together to perform a common function

Question 13

organ system

Answer 13

the higher level of organization that consists of functionally related organs

Question 14

organelle

Answer 14

a membrane-bound compartment or sac within a cell

Question 15

organism

Answer 15

an individual living entity

Question 16

phylogenetic tree

Answer 16

a diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among biological species based on similarities and differences in genetic or physical traits or both

Question 17

population

Answer 17

all individuals within a species living within a specific area

Question 18

prokaryote

Answer 18

a unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle

Question 19

tissue

Answer 19

a group of similar cells carrying out the same function

Question 20

applied science

Answer 20

a form of science that solves real-world problems

Question 21

basic science

Answer 21

science that seeks to expand knowledge regardless of the short-term application of that knowledge

Question 22

control

Answer 22

a part of an experiment that does not change during the experiment

Question 23

deductive reasoning

Answer 23

a form of logical thinking that uses a general statement to forecast specific results

Question 24

descriptive science

Answer 24

a form of science that aims to observe, explore, and find things out

Question 25

falsifiable

Answer 25

able to be disproven by experimental results

Question 26

hypothesis

Answer 26

a suggested explanation for an event, which can be tested

Question 27

hypothesis-based science

Answer 27

a form of science that begins with a specific explanation that is then tested

Question 28

inductive reasoning

Answer 28

a form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion

Question 29

life science

Answer 29

a field of science, such as biology, that studies living things

Question 30

natural science

Answer 30

a field of science that studies the physical world, its phenomena, and processes

Question 31

peer-reviewed article

Answer 31

a scientific report that is reviewed by a scientist’s colleagues before publication

Question 32

physical science

Answer 32

a field of science, such as astronomy, physics, and chemistry, that studies nonliving matter

Question 33

science

Answer 33

knowledge that covers general truths or the operation of general laws, especially when acquired and tested by the scientific method

Question 34

scientific law

Answer 34

a description, often in the form of a mathematical formula, for the behaviour of some aspect of nature under certain specific conditions

Question 35

scientific method

Answer 35

a method of research with defined steps that include experiments and careful observation

Question 36

scientific theory

Answer 36

a thoroughly tested and confirmed explanation for observations or phenomena

Question 37

variable

Answer 37

a part of an experiment that can vary or change