Topic 1 Structure of the atom and the Periodic Table

Question 1

1 What A is all matter made of?

Answer 1

atoms

Question 2

3 How did Dalton describe atoms?

Answer 2

tiny indestructible spheres

Question 3

5 What is the difference between an atom and a molecule?

Answer 3

molecules contain two or more atoms chemically joined together in a group

Question 4

9 Name the particles are found in an atom?

Answer 4

protons, neutrons and electrons

Question 5

10 What is the nucleus of an atom?

Answer 5

tiny central part of an atom made up of protons and neutrons

Question 6

14 How are electrons arranged in an atom?

Answer 6

circling/orbiting the nucleus in regions called shells

Question 7

15 How do protons and electrons compare in terms of relative charge?

Answer 7

protons have a positive (+1) charge and electrons have a negative (-1) charge

Question 8

16 Why are most atoms neutral?

Answer 8

they have the same number of protons and electrons and so equal positive and negative charges

Question 9

18 How does the size of a nucleus compare to the size of the atom?

Answer 9

the nucleus is tiny compared to the size of the atom

Question 10

19 How many protons are there in an atom with an atomic number of 26?

Answer 10

26

Question 11

20 How many neutrons are there in an atom with an atomic number of 26 and a mass number of 56?

Answer 11

30

Question 12

22 What does the atomic number of an atom tell you about its structure?

Answer 12

the number of protons in an atom

Question 13

23 What does the mass number of an atom equal?

Answer 13

(the number of protons plus the number of neutrons

Question 14

24 What will be the same about atoms of the same element?

Answer 14

(they will have the same atomic number and same number of protons

Question 15

25 Where is most of the mass of an atom found?

Answer 15

in the nucleus

Question 16

26 Which subatomic particles in an atom have negligible mass?

Answer 16

electrons

Question 17

28 How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in an atom that has an atomic number of 13 and a mass number of 27?

Answer 17

13 protons, 14 neutrons, 13 electrons

Question 18

29 What are isotopes?

Answer 18

(atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers)

Question 19

31 Which element has the chemical symbol O?

Answer 19

(oxygen)

Question 20

32 What is the chemical symbol for carbon?

Answer 20

(C)

Question 21

33 Which element has the chemical symbol Mg?

Answer 21

(magnesium)

Question 22

34 What is the chemical symbol for sodium?

Answer 22

(Na)

Question 23

35 Which type of substance is found in the periodic table - elements, compounds or mixtures?

Answer 23

(elements)

Question 24

36 What is a vertical column in the periodic table called?

Answer 24

(group)

Question 25

37 What is a horizontal row in the periodic table called?

Answer 25

(period)

Question 26

39 Name the Russian chemist who developed a periodic table in 1869.

Answer 26

(Mendeleev/Dmitri Mendeleev)

Question 27

42 About how many elements are there in the modern periodic table?

Answer 27

(about 100 or 118)

Question 28

43 Where are the non-metals placed in the modern periodic table?

Answer 28

(right-hand side/top right)

Question 29

46 Where are electrons found in an atom?

Answer 29

(around the nucleus/in shells/in energy levels)

Question 30

50 What property did Mendeleev use to order the elements?

Answer 30

(atomic weight/relative atomic mass)

Question 31

53 Where are elements with similar properties placed in the periodic table?

Answer 31

(in groups/columns)