topic 1 pioneers in microbiology Flashcards
who created the single lens microscope?
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
what did Anton van Leeuwenhoek observe through his lens while looking at rain water?
live bacteria
what are the 3 basic shapes of bacteria?
1.)round or coccus shape 2.) rod or bacillus shape 3.) spiral
who was the individual that viewed bacteria for the first time?
Anton van Leewenhoek
who created a compound microscope?
Robert Hooke
what scientist gave “the cell” it”s name?
Robert Hooke
define Spontaneous Generation
life arises from nonliving material
define Biogenesis
life only arises from life
who was the first scientist to attempt to disprove Spontaneous Generation?
Francesco Redi
which scientist continued Francesco Redi work?
Lazaro Spallanzani
who was known as the Father of modern microbiology?
Louis Pasteur
what is the importance of pasteurization?
kills microorganisms responsible for spoilage
what scientist convinced the scientific community that spontaneous generation was a false doctrine?
John Tyndall
List the 4 Koch’s postulates in correct order
- )Microorganism isolated from disease animal
- )Organism grown in pure culture
- )Pure culture inoculated animal
- )Organism is re isolated from the experimentally infected animal
list the 3 point to the cell theory
- )Cell is basic unit of life
- )All organisms are composed of cells
- )Cells come from existing cells
what are examples of aseptic technique
aseptic surgery or washing your hands before you do anything with your patient or disinfecting
what was the first true antibiotic discovered
penicillin
who discovered penicillin
Alexander Fleming
The very first vaccine designed was to immunize for what human disease
used cow pox virus to vaccinate against SMALL POX
are viruses smaller or larger then bacteria
SMALLER
define phagocytosis
ingest or engulf other cells or particles
Are bacteria used in genetic engineering
YES
how many lenses does a compound microscope have
2
list 5 contributions of Louis Pasteur
- )Germ theory of disease
- )Developed pasteurization
- )Disproves spontaneous generation
- )Anthrax vaccine development
- )Rabies vaccine development
define endospores or spores
a heat resistant form of bacteria that cannot be killed by boiling
who where the 3 scientist to contribute the the cell theory
Matthias Schleiden
Theodor Schwann
Robert Virehow
what did John Tydall develop
sterilization technique that could kill spores
what did Robert Koch develop
pure culture techniques in microbiology
what were the 3 contributions of Robert Koch
- )Koch’s postulates (rules)
- )Isolated tuberculosis bacteria
- )Isolated cholera bacteria
define tuberculosis
causes a bacteria infection in the lungs
define cholera
a bacterial infection of intestinal tract that causes large amounts of fluid loss (20 liters/day)
what are the 2 things Ignaz Semmelweis demonstrated
- )Puerperal fever (childbed fever) was contagious
2. )Proper hand washing by medical care givers could reduce puerperal fever
who is known as the Father of Aseptic Surgery
Joseph Lister
what did Joseph Lister develop
aseptic surgery
who viewed phagocytes for the first time
Eli Metchnikoff
what experiment did Francesco Redi do to disprove spontaneous genertation?
JARS. 1 was open the other was sealed shut.
what the conclusion for Francesco Redi?
maggots arise from fly eggs not meat by itself
what experiment did Lazaro Spallanzani do to disprove spontaneous generation?
he boiled 2 broths. left 1 open and the other sealed.
what experiment did Louis Pasteur do to disprove spontaneous generation?
used a swan neck flask
