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Microbiology > topic 1 pioneers in microbiology > Flashcards

topic 1 pioneers in microbiology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

who created the single lens microscope?

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

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2
Q

what did Anton van Leeuwenhoek observe through his lens while looking at rain water?

A

live bacteria

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3
Q

what are the 3 basic shapes of bacteria?

A

1.)round or coccus shape 2.) rod or bacillus shape 3.) spiral

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4
Q

who was the individual that viewed bacteria for the first time?

A

Anton van Leewenhoek

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5
Q

who created a compound microscope?

A

Robert Hooke

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6
Q

what scientist gave “the cell” it”s name?

A

Robert Hooke

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7
Q

define Spontaneous Generation

A

life arises from nonliving material

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8
Q

define Biogenesis

A

life only arises from life

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9
Q

who was the first scientist to attempt to disprove Spontaneous Generation?

A

Francesco Redi

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10
Q

which scientist continued Francesco Redi work?

A

Lazaro Spallanzani

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11
Q

who was known as the Father of modern microbiology?

A

Louis Pasteur

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12
Q

what is the importance of pasteurization?

A

kills microorganisms responsible for spoilage

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13
Q

what scientist convinced the scientific community that spontaneous generation was a false doctrine?

A

John Tyndall

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14
Q

List the 4 Koch’s postulates in correct order

A
  1. )Microorganism isolated from disease animal
  2. )Organism grown in pure culture
  3. )Pure culture inoculated animal
  4. )Organism is re isolated from the experimentally infected animal
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15
Q

list the 3 point to the cell theory

A
  1. )Cell is basic unit of life
  2. )All organisms are composed of cells
  3. )Cells come from existing cells
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16
Q

what are examples of aseptic technique

A

aseptic surgery or washing your hands before you do anything with your patient or disinfecting

17
Q

what was the first true antibiotic discovered

A

penicillin

18
Q

who discovered penicillin

A

Alexander Fleming

19
Q

The very first vaccine designed was to immunize for what human disease

A

used cow pox virus to vaccinate against SMALL POX

20
Q

are viruses smaller or larger then bacteria

A

SMALLER

21
Q

define phagocytosis

A

ingest or engulf other cells or particles

22
Q

Are bacteria used in genetic engineering

A

YES

23
Q

how many lenses does a compound microscope have

A

2

24
Q

list 5 contributions of Louis Pasteur

A
  1. )Germ theory of disease
  2. )Developed pasteurization
  3. )Disproves spontaneous generation
  4. )Anthrax vaccine development
  5. )Rabies vaccine development
25
Q

define endospores or spores

A

a heat resistant form of bacteria that cannot be killed by boiling

26
Q

who where the 3 scientist to contribute the the cell theory

A

Matthias Schleiden
Theodor Schwann
Robert Virehow

27
Q

what did John Tydall develop

A

sterilization technique that could kill spores

28
Q

what did Robert Koch develop

A

pure culture techniques in microbiology

29
Q

what were the 3 contributions of Robert Koch

A
  1. )Koch’s postulates (rules)
  2. )Isolated tuberculosis bacteria
  3. )Isolated cholera bacteria
30
Q

define tuberculosis

A

causes a bacteria infection in the lungs

31
Q

define cholera

A

a bacterial infection of intestinal tract that causes large amounts of fluid loss (20 liters/day)

32
Q

what are the 2 things Ignaz Semmelweis demonstrated

A
  1. )Puerperal fever (childbed fever) was contagious

2. )Proper hand washing by medical care givers could reduce puerperal fever

33
Q

who is known as the Father of Aseptic Surgery

A

Joseph Lister

34
Q

what did Joseph Lister develop

A

aseptic surgery

35
Q

who viewed phagocytes for the first time

A

Eli Metchnikoff

36
Q

what experiment did Francesco Redi do to disprove spontaneous genertation?

A

JARS. 1 was open the other was sealed shut.

37
Q

what the conclusion for Francesco Redi?

A

maggots arise from fly eggs not meat by itself

38
Q

what experiment did Lazaro Spallanzani do to disprove spontaneous generation?

A

he boiled 2 broths. left 1 open and the other sealed.

39
Q

what experiment did Louis Pasteur do to disprove spontaneous generation?

A

used a swan neck flask

Microbiology (6 decks)

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