Prokaryote vs Eukaryote Flashcards
which cell is a simple cell? Prokaryote or Eukaryote
Prokaryote
which cell is a complex cell? Prokaryote or Eukaryote
Eukaryote
Do prokaryote cells have a nucleus?
NO
Is the DNA protected in the prokaryote cell?
NO
Do eukaryote cells have a nucleus?
YES
Is DNA protected in eukaryote cells?
YES. protected INSIDE of nucleus
what is the DNA structure like for prokaryote cells?
single loop (circular)
what is the DNA structure like for eukaryote cells?
chromosome strands (linear)
Do prokaryote lack most organelles?
YES
what is the ribosome size in prokaryote cells?
SMALL
Do eukaryote cells have many organelles?
YES
what is the ribosome size in eukaryote cells?
LARGE
is prokaryote cells unicellular or multicellular?
unicellular
is eukaryote cells unicellular or multicellular?
both
what is the function of ribosome for cells?
protein synthesis
whats group belongs to prokaryote cells?
bacteria
which groups belong to eukaryote cells?
Protozoa, fungi, plants, & animals
what are the 5 basic parts of a prokaryote cell?
- )cell wall
- )ribosomes
- )DNA
- )cytoplasm
- )cell membrane
what are the 10 criteria for classifying bacteria according to Bergey’s manual
- )morphology or cell shape
- )size of bacteria
- )staining properties
- )spore former
- )motility
- )oxygen use
- )temp requirements
- )biochemical properties
- )pathogenicity
- )DNA analysis
what 4 other shapes can bacillus- rod shape be?
- ) long square end
- )short rods
- )streptobacillus-chains
- )spore formers a)terminal. located @ end b)central located in middle
what 4 other shapes can coccus- round shape be?
- )diplococcus- pairs
- )streptococcus- chains
- )staphylococcus- cluster
- )tetrad- group of 4
what are the 2 types of spiral shapes for cells?
- )spirillum
2. )spirochete
define spirillum
corkscrew shape that have flagella to move
define spirochete
tightly coiled cells that LACK flagella but can move
define micrometer
unit of measure to size bacteria
define Gram Stain
divides bacteria into 2 main groups based on cell wall types gram stain is one of the most important stains
what shape are spore formers typically?
bacillus shape
can all bacteria form spores?
NO
what does spore=?
a dormant structure
mono=?
1
define monotrichous
1 flagellum on end of bacteria
lopho=?
to the side
define lophotrichous
two or more flagella from one side
amphi=?
opposite
define amphitrichous
flagella on opposite ends of cell
peri=?
surround
define peritrichous
flagella over entire cell surface
define aerobic
uses oxygen
define anaerobic
DO NOT use oxygen
every bacteria has a ________ temperature
optimal
what is a human pathogen optimal temp?
37 C
what are the 3 working temperature in lab?
25C, 30C, & 37C
biochemical properties determine what?
- )metabolic properties
2. )nutrient requirements
define pathogen
disease causing organism
what is the most important criteria for classifying bacteria?
DNA analysis
define nomenclature
assignment of names to bacteria
who introduced nomenclature?
Carolus Linneaus
genus name is ______?
capitalized
species name is ________?
lower case letters
scientific name is underlined unless what?
written in italics