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Microbiology > Prokaryote vs Eukaryote > Flashcards

Prokaryote vs Eukaryote Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

which cell is a simple cell? Prokaryote or Eukaryote

A

Prokaryote

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2
Q

which cell is a complex cell? Prokaryote or Eukaryote

A

Eukaryote

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3
Q

Do prokaryote cells have a nucleus?

A

NO

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4
Q

Is the DNA protected in the prokaryote cell?

A

NO

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5
Q

Do eukaryote cells have a nucleus?

A

YES

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6
Q

Is DNA protected in eukaryote cells?

A

YES. protected INSIDE of nucleus

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7
Q

what is the DNA structure like for prokaryote cells?

A

single loop (circular)

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8
Q

what is the DNA structure like for eukaryote cells?

A

chromosome strands (linear)

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9
Q

Do prokaryote lack most organelles?

A

YES

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10
Q

what is the ribosome size in prokaryote cells?

A

SMALL

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11
Q

Do eukaryote cells have many organelles?

A

YES

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12
Q

what is the ribosome size in eukaryote cells?

A

LARGE

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13
Q

is prokaryote cells unicellular or multicellular?

A

unicellular

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14
Q

is eukaryote cells unicellular or multicellular?

A

both

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15
Q

what is the function of ribosome for cells?

A

protein synthesis

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16
Q

whats group belongs to prokaryote cells?

A

bacteria

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17
Q

which groups belong to eukaryote cells?

A

Protozoa, fungi, plants, & animals

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18
Q

what are the 5 basic parts of a prokaryote cell?

A
  1. )cell wall
  2. )ribosomes
  3. )DNA
  4. )cytoplasm
  5. )cell membrane
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19
Q

what are the 10 criteria for classifying bacteria according to Bergey’s manual

A
  1. )morphology or cell shape
  2. )size of bacteria
  3. )staining properties
  4. )spore former
  5. )motility
  6. )oxygen use
  7. )temp requirements
  8. )biochemical properties
  9. )pathogenicity
  10. )DNA analysis
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20
Q

what 4 other shapes can bacillus- rod shape be?

A
  1. ) long square end
  2. )short rods
  3. )streptobacillus-chains
  4. )spore formers a)terminal. located @ end b)central located in middle
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21
Q

what 4 other shapes can coccus- round shape be?

A
  1. )diplococcus- pairs
  2. )streptococcus- chains
  3. )staphylococcus- cluster
  4. )tetrad- group of 4
22
Q

what are the 2 types of spiral shapes for cells?

A
  1. )spirillum

2. )spirochete

23
Q

define spirillum

A

corkscrew shape that have flagella to move

24
Q

define spirochete

A

tightly coiled cells that LACK flagella but can move

25
Q

define micrometer

A

unit of measure to size bacteria

26
Q

define Gram Stain

A

divides bacteria into 2 main groups based on cell wall types gram stain is one of the most important stains

27
Q

what shape are spore formers typically?

A

bacillus shape

28
Q

can all bacteria form spores?

A

NO

29
Q

what does spore=?

A

a dormant structure

30
Q

mono=?

A

1

31
Q

define monotrichous

A

1 flagellum on end of bacteria

32
Q

lopho=?

A

to the side

33
Q

define lophotrichous

A

two or more flagella from one side

34
Q

amphi=?

A

opposite

35
Q

define amphitrichous

A

flagella on opposite ends of cell

36
Q

peri=?

A

surround

37
Q

define peritrichous

A

flagella over entire cell surface

38
Q

define aerobic

A

uses oxygen

39
Q

define anaerobic

A

DO NOT use oxygen

40
Q

every bacteria has a ________ temperature

A

optimal

41
Q

what is a human pathogen optimal temp?

A

37 C

42
Q

what are the 3 working temperature in lab?

A

25C, 30C, & 37C

43
Q

biochemical properties determine what?

A
  1. )metabolic properties

2. )nutrient requirements

44
Q

define pathogen

A

disease causing organism

45
Q

what is the most important criteria for classifying bacteria?

A

DNA analysis

46
Q

define nomenclature

A

assignment of names to bacteria

47
Q

who introduced nomenclature?

A

Carolus Linneaus

48
Q

genus name is ______?

A

capitalized

49
Q

species name is ________?

A

lower case letters

50
Q

scientific name is underlined unless what?

A

written in italics

Microbiology (6 decks)

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