Top Rank: CHN Notes Flashcards
Four Levels of Clientele
Individuals
Family
Population
Community
Subspecialties of CHN
School Nursing
Occupational Health Nursing
Community Mental Health Nursing
Public Health Nursing
It is a special field of nursing that combines the skills of nursing, public health and some phases of social assistance
(World Health Organization)
Public Health Nursing
The overriding goal of DOH
HSRA (Health Sector Reform Agenda)
Local Government Code: All structures, personnel, and budgetary allocations from the provincial health level down to the barangays were
DEVOLVED to the Local Government Units to facilitate health service delivery
RA 7160
How is the Primary Health Care (PHC) adopted in the Philippines?
Letter of Instruction (LOI) 949
Signed by President Marcos on October 19, 1979
Letter of instruction (LOI) 949
Levels of Health Care and Health Referral System
- Primary Level of care
- Secondary Level of Care
- Tertiary Level of Care
- Devolved to the cities and municipalities
- Health care provided by center physicians, public health nurses, rural health midwiwes, barangay health
workers, traditional healers
Primary Level of Care
Secondary care is given by physicians with basic health training
• Serves as a referral center for the primary health facilities
• Capable of performing minor surgeries and perform some simple laboratory examinations
Secondary Level of Care
Tertiary care is rendered by specialists in health facilities
• Referral center for the secondary care facilities
• Complicated cases and intensive care requires tertiary care
Tertiary Level of Care
Focuses on health promotion and disease prevention
Primary prevention
Focuses on early detection of disease and prompt treatment for individual experiencing health problems
Secondary Prevention
Rehabilitation (prevent further disability)
• Restore client’s optimum level of functioning
Tertiary Prevention
While the cuff is deflating, listen for pulse sounds.
ü 1st Clear tapping sound (Korotkoff Phase I: Systolic BP)
ü Disappearance of sound (Korotkoff Phase V: Diastolic BP
Factors influencing Frequency of Home Visits
• Needs of the (most important)
• Acceptance of the family 2nd most important
• Policy of a Specific agency
• Other health agencies involved
• Past services given to family
• Ability to recognize own needs
An essential and indispensable equipment of a public health nurse which she has to carry along during her home
visits
Public Health Bag
Epidemiological Approach: Concerned with disease distribution and frequency
Descriptive Epidemiology
Epidemiological Approach: Attempts to analyze causes or determinants of disease through hypothesis testing
Analytical Approach
Epidemiological Approach: Answers questions about the effectiveness of new methods for controlling diseases or for improving underling conditions
Intervention or Experimental Epidemiology
Epidemiological Approach: Attempts to measure the effectiveness of different health services and programs
Evaluation Epidemiology
Good index of the general health condition of a community
Infant Mortality Rate
A measure of one characteristic of the natural growth or increase of population
Crude Birth Rate
A measure of one mortality from all causes which may result in a decrease of population
Crude Death Rate
- Measures the risk of dying from causes related to pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium
- Index of the obstetrical care needed and received by women in a community
Maternal Mortality Rate
- Measures pregnancy wastage
- Death of the product of conception occurs prior to its complete expulsion, irrespective of duration of
pregnancy
Fetal Death Rate
Measures the risk of dying 1st month
Neonatal Death Rate
More accurate measure of the risk of exposure
Attack Rate
Index of a killing power of a disease and is influenced by incomplete reporting and poor morbidity data
Case Fatality Ratio
Measures the frequency of occurrence of the phenomenon during a given period of time
New cases
Incidence Rate
Measures the proportion of population which exhibits a particular disease at a particular time
New and old cases
Prevalence Rate
Prenatal Visit: As early in pregnancy as possible
1st Visit
Prenatal Visit: During 2nd Semester
2nd Visit
Prenatal Visit: During 3rd trimester
3rd Visit
Prenatal Visit: After 8th month of pregnancy until delivery
Every 2 weeks
Tetanus Toxoid Immunization: As early as possible during pregnancy
TT1
Tetanus Toxoid Immunization: After 4 weeks
Protection: 80%
Duration: 3x
TT2
Tetanus Toxoid Immunization: After 6 months
TT3
Protection: 95%
Duration: 5 years
Tetanus Toxoid Immunization: After 6 months
TT3
Protection: 95%
Duration: 5 years
Tetanus Toxoid Immunization: After 1 year
TT4
P: 99%
D: 10 yrs
Tetanus Toxoid Immunization: After 1 year
TT5
P: 99%
D: Lifetime
Micronutrient Supplement : Vitamin A
10,000 IUTwice a week sarting on the 4th month of pregnancyDose:
Micronutrient Supplementation: Iron/Folic Acid
Dose: 60mg/400 ug tablet
Daily (starting 5th month of preganncy up 2 months postpartum)
Products covered by Milk Code consist of breast milk substitutes, including infant formula; other milk
products, food and beverages, including bottle-fed complementary foods.
Milk Code - EO 51
To promote room-in and to encourage. Protect and support the practice of breastfeeding.
Rooming In and Breastfeeding Act of 1992 - RA 7600
The law requires a mandatory food fortification of staple foods – rice, flour, edible oil and sugar and voluntary food fortification of processed food or food products
Food Fortification Law - RA 8976
Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months.
Expanded Breastfeeding Act of 2010 - RA 10028
It is safe and immunologically effective to administer all EPI vaccines on the same day at different sites of the
body
EPI Law - PD 996
An act providing for mandatory basic immunization services for infants and children.
RA 10152 (2011)
Common Nutritional Deficiencies
Vitamin A, Iron, Iodine
It requires all laboratories to use Formalin Ether Concentration Technique (FECT) instead of the direct fecal smear in the analysis of stools of food handlers.
DOH’s Administrative Order no. 1 (2006)
Four Rights in Food Safety
Right Source
Right Preparation
Right Cooking
Rught Storage
