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5th yr- Finals- CSA revision > Toothwear > Flashcards

Toothwear Flashcards

1
Q

What can tooth wear also be referred to as

A

Non carious tooth surface loss

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2
Q

What is tooth wear defined by

A

Aetiology
Severity
Distribution

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3
Q

Name the 3 types of tooth wear

A

Abrasion
Attrition
Erosion

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4
Q

What dental work can cause localised Toth surface loss

A

Porcelain crowns or high restorations

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5
Q

Why are more younger people developing NCTSL

A

High sugar diet of fizzy drinks or fruit

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6
Q

Define erosion

A

The irreversible progressive loss of dental hard tissue by acidic chemical process not involving bacteria

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7
Q

Define attrition

A

The loss of tooth substance or restoration due to the contact of 2 teeth

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8
Q

Define abrasion

A

Abnormal wearing of tooth substance or a restoration by mechanical process other than tooth contact

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9
Q

How do we classify erosion

A

Intrinsic (acid coming up)
OR
Extrinsic (Acid going in)

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10
Q

Give examples of intrinsic sources of acid

A
  1. Vomiting
  2. Gastro oesophageal reflex
  3. Ruminant eating
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11
Q

List some of the symptoms of Gastro oesophageal reflex (GOR)

A
  1. Heartburn
  2. Retrosternal discomfort Epigastric pain
  3. Dysphagia
  4. Chronic cough
    5 Sore throat
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12
Q

Patients you are being exposed to intrinsic acid sources may see erosion on which surfaces of the teeth?

A

Palatal surfaces

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13
Q

Name some important factors we need to consider when looking at dietary erosion

A

Amount
Frequency
Method of consumption
Timing of consumption

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14
Q

Name a predisposing factor that can make it more likely for someone to have erosion

A

Dry mouth- reduced saliva

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15
Q

What is the clinical presentation of erosion of anterior teeth

A

1 Loss of surface anatomy
2. Smooth enamel
3. Increased incised translucency
4. Chipping of the incisal edge
5. Palatal hollows
6. Areas where enamel is absent or in extreme cases exposure of pulp

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16
Q

What is the clinical presentation of erosion of posterior teeth

A
  1. Loss of surface anatomy
  2. Cuspal cupping
  3. Proud restorations
  4. Dark colour
17
Q

What is the clinical presentation of attrition

A
  1. Enamel and dentine wearing at the same rate
  2. Localised facets of flattened cusps/ incised edges
  3. Worn surfaces
  4. Shiny amalgam in areas of contact
  5. Slow process so secondary dentine may form
  6. Possible masseteric hypertrophy
  7. Possible fractured cusps / restorations
  8. Increases risk of tooth mobility
18
Q

What conditions can cause attrition

A

Bruxism

19
Q

What can abrasion be caused by

A
  1. Tooth brushing
  2. Abrasive dentifrices
  3. Abrasive food particles
  4. Piercings
  5. Nail biting
  6. Tobacco chewing
  7. Pipe smoking
  8. Unglazed porcelain
20
Q

What is the clinical presentation of abrasion

A
  1. Sharply defined margins
  2. Smooth hard surfaces
  3. More rounded and shallow If associated with erosion
21
Q

What is abfraction

A

heory of abfraction supposes that occlusal force cause compressive and tensile stresses which are concentrated at the cervical region of the tooth and cause microfracture of cervical enamel rods

22
Q

What should you do when you think a patient suffers from tooth wear

A

Identify the type and severity of tooth wear
Identify etiology
Manage and monitor

23
Q

List some of the severe consequences of tooth wear

A
  1. Lack of tooth tissue
  2. Plural problems
  3. Aesthetic compromise
  4. Lack of space for restorations
  5. Occlusal changes
  6. Soft tissue changes
24
Q

How can we manage NCTSL

A
  1. Identify the problem and manage it
  2. Institute preventative meaures and try to control it
  3. Monitor
  4. Operative treatment if required
  5. Review
25
Q

What is the difference between erosion and caries

A

In caries plaque acid leads to demineralisation BUT organic matrix isnt affected
In erosion acid leads to demineralisation and loss of the organic matrix

26
Q

What intra oral signs may indicate a patient is a bruxist

A

Tongue scalloping or cheek ridging

27
Q

On which surface does abrasion usually occur

A

Cervical

28
Q

What are some difficulties associated with severely worn dentition

A
  1. Lack of tooth tissue
  2. Pulpal
  3. Aesthetic compromise
  4. Lack of space for restoration
  5. Occlusal changes
  6. Soft tissue changes
  7. Habitual / aetiological factor
29
Q

What are some clinical consequences of NCTTL?

A
  1. Change in appearance
  2. Pain and/ or sensitivity
  3. Loss of OVD and/or lack of occlusal stability
  4. Functional difficulties
30
Q

How can we monitor tooth wear

A
  1. Study models
  2. Silicone index
  3. Clinical photographs
  4. Description
  5. Measurement: crown height and gingival margin
31
Q

How can erosion be prevented?

A
  1. By giving diet advice
  2. Avoid brushing immediately after having acidic food
  3. Control of GORD/ eating disorder
  4. Water and sodium Bicarbonate mouth wash
32
Q

Name some products patients can use for Desensitisation and protection

A
  1. Fluoride mouthrinses and varnish
  2. Fluoride paste
  3. Low abrasivity toothpaste
    4 .Sugar free chewing gum
  4. Dentine bonding agents
  5. Anti erosion toothpastes
  6. Tooth mousse
33
Q

How can attrition be prevented?

A
  1. Increase patients awareness by providing education
  2. Splints
  3. Composite
34
Q

Name the 2 different types of splints

A

Soft and hard splint

35
Q

How can abrasion be prevented?

A
  1. Patient is given OHI advice
    2, Using softer brush and lower brushing force
  2. Using tooth paste with a lower paste abrasivity
  3. Abrasive restoration
  4. Modified bass technique circles vs scrubbing
36
Q

When do we intervene in regards to tooth wear?

A
  1. Earlier rather than later
  2. When pulp may be affected close to being affected
  3. When aesthetics are involved
  4. Functional problems occur
  5. Loss of structural integrity
  6. To prevent further complex treatment
  7. Patient wishes

5th yr- Finals- CSA revision (19 decks)

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