Gingival Recession and Dentine Hypersensitivity Flashcards
What is gingival recession
A situation where you can see the CEJ and underlying gingival margin
Where does the gingival margin lie on a tooth with gingival recession
lie apical to the CEJ
Under the new classification scheme for periodontal diseases and conditions (2018) in which section does gingival recession fall in?
Other conditions affecting the periodontium
Describe generally the distribution of gingival recession
Maxillary first molars and mandibular canines
Why might a patient suffer from recession
- Periodontal disease
- Trauma
- Post treatment
- Smoking
Give some examples of trauma that may lead to gingival recession
- Foreign body
- Finger nail picking
- Toothbrushing (eg brushing too hard etc)
- Chemical trauma from topical cocaine
- Partial dentures that are poorly designed
- Poor oral hygiene
What type of tooth brushing technique is most likely to lead to gingival recession?
Scrubbing instead of using a more rounded technique
Give examples of some local plaque retention factors that relined to gingival recession
1, High muscle attachment of the lip
2. Frenal pull
3. Restorative dentistry
4. Calculus
Why does periodontal disease sometimes lead to gingival recession?
As patients will get bone loss and theres apical migration of the soft tissue
What are the possible consequences of gingival recession?
- Fear of tooth loss
- Plaque retention/ bleeding gingivae
- Aesthetics
- Root caries
- Abrasion
- pain due to dentine hypersensitivity
How is dentine hypersensitivity characterised?
Characterised by short, sharp pain
What causes the short sharp pain patients experience when they have dentine hypersensitivity?
Due to exposed dentine which becomes sensitive in response to a certain stimuli
What can dentine hypersensitivity manifest as?
May manifest as a dull ache beyond the duration of the stimulus, possibly as an altered plural response
In what age does dentine hypersensitive peak?
20-40 years old
On which surfaces of the teeth is dentine hypersensitivity more frequent?
The buccal/ labial cervical areas of the teeth
List, from most to least, which teeth are affected by dentine hypersensitivity?
- First molars
- Canines
- Incisors
- Second premolars
- Molars
What does the distribution of dentine correspond to?
- Areas of gingival recession
- Areas of thinning enamel
- Areas of cementum loss
Name the 3 key factors that lead to hypersensitive lesions
- Dentine exposure
- Tubules made patent/ open
- Stimulus
Is the pulp vital or non vital in a patent suffering from detente hypersensitivity?
Pulp will be vital
Give example of stimuli that can trigger a dentine hypersensitivity response
- Thermal (Hot or cold)
- Osmotic hypertonic solutions (Sweet, spicy or acidic)
- Desiccation (drying of lesions may stimulate pain)
- Electrical (galvanic reactions and EPT)
- Tactile (touching probing or tooth brushing)
Name the mechanism which may lead to sensitivity condition
Hydrodynamic theory
What does dentine exposure result from
From loss of enamel
What can cause loss of enamel
- Removal of enamel by restorative treatment
- Attrition
- Abrasion
- Erosion
- Combined erosion and abrasion
What is erosion
Loss of enamel and dentine which can lead to surface softening
