The role of flouride in caries management Flashcards
How much water can legally be added to UK water
1ppm
What can happen if there is too much flouride in water
Can increase risk of mottling
What does fluoride do to enamel
- Decreases demineralisation of enamel
- Increases remineralisation of enamel
- Can be incorporated in developing enamel
What doe we need for dental decay to form
- Tooth enamel
- Bacteria in a biofilm
- Fermentable carbohydrates
- Time
When does enamel dissolve
Below critical pH (5.5)
Describe the first sign of decay
white spot lesion showing demineralisation
What does enamel need to remineralise
Calcium
What can we use to arrest early enamel lesion
Flouride varnish
How is florid in corporate into develop gin enamel
As fluoridated hydroxyapatite
How much florid is prescribed in duraphat
5000ppm
What happens below the critical pH
Enamel dissolves
What is the concentration of fluoride in fluoride varnishes?
7000-22600ppm
Give some examples of topical fluoride
- Toothpaste
- Varnishes
- Rinses
- Silver diamine fluoride
- Glass ionomer cements
- Compomers
- Some fissure sealants
- Some resin composites
What is silver diamine fluoride
Form of topical fluoride
60,000ppm fluoride
What is a negative associated with diamine flouride
results in black stained lesions
What are the guidelines surrounding fluoride and under three yr olds
- Toothpaste with 1000ppm fluoride
- Smear of toothpaste
- Parents to brush child’s teeth
What are the guidelines surrounding fluoride and 3-6 year olds
- Toothpaste with 1350-1500 ppm fluoride
- Pea size toothpaste
- Parents to help with brushing
When prescribing florid mouthwash what should you do
- Consider the age of the patent
- Give appropriate instructions to the patient
- Check if mouthwash has alcohol
When are children at greatest risk of fluorosis and why
18 months to 3 years as children don’t learn how to spit until they are 3-4 so they swallow more toothpaste
Describe the enamel of a patient with dental fluorosis
The enamel has a higher protein content giving It a chalky looking appearance
How can we prevent dental fluorosis?
1, Additional systemic fluorides should beavoided before 3 yrs of age
2. Parents should make sure there is only a smear of toothpaste on the brush for an infant
3. Parents shouldn’t share their mouth wash
4. All fluoride products should have child-safety tops
