TofV - background and terms Flashcards
Who were the Big 3 at Versailles?
Lloyd George, Clemenceau, Woodrow Wilson
What was the name given to an area of NE France left unfit for human habitation by WW1?
Zone Rouge
Who devised the Points and how many were there?
Woodrow Wilson, 14
Give four of the 14 Points.
- France to regain Alsace-Lorraine from Germany.
- Poland to have access to the sea.
- Self-determination.
- A League of Nations to be set up.
Which of the Big Three wanted the harshest treaty?
Clemenceau.
Why did France want an especially harsh treaty?
- Because France had suffered greatly and wanted reparations.
- Because France wanted to ensure Germany would never again be able to invade.
- Because public opinion required it.
Which British politician said the treaty should “squeeze the German lemon until the pips squeak”?
Eric Geddes
What is the acronym for remembering the main areas that the TofV covered?
BLAM
What does BLAM stand for?
Blame, Land, Armed Forces, Money
Which part of the treaty forced Germany to take all the blame for WW1?
The War Guilt Clause, 231
What percentage of its land did Germany lose in the treaty?
13
How many people did Germany lose in the treaty?
6 million
What percentage of its oilfields did Germany lose in the treaty?
16
What strip of land, and which city, gave Poland access to the sea?
The Polish Corridor, Danzig
How many submarines, warships and sailors was Germany allowed?
None, 6, 15,000
How many tanks and warplanes was Germany allowed?
None
How many soldiers was Germany allowed?
100,000
How much was reparations, and when was it agreed?
£6,600 million, 1921
What happened to the Saar?
It was given to France for 15 years, to be followed by a plebiscite
Which area between France and Germany was demilitarised?
Rhineland
With which country was Germany forbidden to join?
Austria
Which German colonies went to Britain?
Togoland (with France), German South West Africa
Which German colony went to South Africa?
Cameroon
Which German colony went to the League?
German East Africa
Give five reasons why the US Senate refused to sign the TofV, meaning the US never joined.
- America did not want to get involved in more foreign wars
- Wilson fell ill and could not persuade the Senate to vote in favour.
- The US did not like the fact that the TofV helped Britain and France expand their empires.
- If the League imposed sanctions, they might hurt US trade.
- Many Americans had German ancestors and hated the Treaty.
What word did the Germans use to describe the TofV, meaning it was something that had been forced on them, rather than negotiated with them?
Diktat
