Toes, Foot, Calcaneus & Ankle Flashcards
How many bones does the foot have?
26
How many phalanges are there?
14
What type of joints are the IP joints?
hinge
How many metatarsals are there?
5
At what ends are the base and head located?
base - proximal end
head- distal end
What type of joint are the MTP joints?
ellipsoidal
What type of joint are the TMT joints?
gliding
How many tarsal bones are there?
7
What is the largest and strongest tarsal bone?
calcaneus
Which tarsal bone is most superior and is the second largest?
talus
What type of joint is the ankle?
hinge
What are the small detached bones found in the foot?
sesamoid bones
Where are sesamoid bones almost always found?
posterior (plantar) surface of the 1st MTP joint
What is the central ray for an AP toe projection?
3rd MTP joint
How far do you angle the foot for an oblique toe projection?
30-45 degrees
How much do you angle the CR for an AP axial projection of the toes?
15 degrees
What is the central ray for an AP foot projection?
perpendicular to base of 3rd metatarsal
How much do you angle to CR for an AP axial projection of the foot?
10 degrees
How far is the foot rotated for an AP oblique foot projection?
30 degrees
Where is the CR for a lateral foot projection?
base of metatarsals
What is the CR for an axial calcaneus projection?
angled 40 degrees cephalic - enters plantar surface at base of 3rd metatarsal
What is the CR for a lateral calcaneus projection?
1 in distal to medial malleolus at subtalar joint
What is the CR for an AP ankle?
perp. through ankle to midway between the malleoli
What is the CR for a lateral ankle?
perp. to ankle joint and enters medial malleolus
How far is the leg rotated for an oblique ankle projection?
45 degrees
How far is the leg rotated for an oblique mortise joint projection?
15-20 degrees
What is the common fracture of the foot and where is it located?
Jones fracture - fracture of the base of the 5th metatarsal
