Section H Flashcards
Anatomical position
upright position with arms down and palms forward, head directed straight ahead and feet and toes extended down
Supine
patient lying on his back
Prone
patient lying on his abdomen in a face down position
Recumbent
lying down in any position
Trendelenburg
recumbent position with body plane tilted so that the head is lower than the feet
Posterior (dorsal)
refers to back of patient
Anterior (ventral)
refers to the front of patient
Posterior-Anterior
abbreviated PA; X-rays enter at the posterior surface and exit at the anterior surface
Anterior-Posterior
abbreviated AP; xrays enter at the anterior surface and exit at the posterior surface
Lateral
abbreviated lat; refers to a view. A true lateral will always be a 90 degree rotation from a true AP or PA
Oblique
abbreviated obli . This describes the position which does not form a right angle or which is not true AP or PA or Lateral, but somewhere in between.
2 types of obliques
anterior oblique and posterior oblique. These are further divided into right and left obliques
Ex. If a patient is rotated approx. 45 degrees from an AP with her left posterior side closest to the film she would be in a left posterior oblique (LPO)
Decubitus
a horizontal beam radiograph where the patient is lying down
- The purpose of a horizontal beam radiograph relates to the determination of air-fluid levels and free air within the body cavity
Caudal
an angle of the beam towards the feet
Cephalic
an angle of the beam toward the head
Plantar
the sole or the posterior surface of the foot
Dorsum
the top or the anterior surface of the foot
Palmar or Volar
the palm surface of the hand
Inferior
parts away from the head end of the body
Superior
parts towards the head
Proximal
used to designate that the part is closest to the beginning of the structure
Distal
used to designate that the part is farthest from the beginning of the structure
Flexion
flexing or bending a joint
Extension
straightening or increasing the angle of a joint
Adduction
the movement towards the body (laterally)
Abduction
the movement away from the body (laterally)
Inversion
an inward movement of the entire foot with the foot remaining in the AP position
Pronation
a rotation of the hand so the palm is facing down or back
Supination
a rotation of the hand so the palm is facing forward
Mid-Sagittal Plane
plane diving the body into equal right and left halves
Mid-Coronal Plane
plane dividing the body into equal anterior and posterior halves
Transverse Plane
passes crosswise through the body at right angles to the mig-sagittal and mid-coronal planes, dividing the body into superior and inferior portions
Projection
the path of the xray beam and describes the point of entrance and exit on the patient’s body
2 types of projections
axial & tangential
Axial
longitudinal angulation of the CR (central ray) with the long axis of the body part
Tangential
CR (central ray) skim between body parts to profile bony structures free of superimposition
