toefl03 Flashcards

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2
Q

accent

A

[‘æksənt, æk’sent] n. 口音;重音(stress);强调;特点;重音符号
vt. 强调;重读;带…口音讲话
(例)Anyone with a foreign accent,even a child,was discriminated in the district.有外国口音的人,哪怕是孩子,都会在这个地区受到歧视。

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3
Q

admit

A

[əd’mit] vt. 承认;准许进入(*let in);可容纳
vi. 承认;容许
(例) I must admit that my performance was bad.我必须承认我的表现不佳。
(派)admittedly[əd’mitidli](ad.诚然,公认地)

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4
Q

alkali

A

[‘ælkəlai] n. 碱;可溶性无机盐
adj. 碱性的
(派)alkaline [‘ælkəlain] (adj.含碱的,碱性的)

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5
Q

authority

A

[ɔ:’θɔrəti] n. 权威;权力(power);当局
(例)He’s an authority on energy sources.他是能源方面的权威人士。
Your professor shoudle have the authority ito get something done about it.你的教授应该有权让人对此采取措施。

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6
Q

bargain

A

[‘bɑ:ɡin] n. 交易;契约;特价商品
vi. 讨价还价;成交
vt. 讨价还价;拿…做交易
(例)A: Did you buy any of the sweaters that were on sale?
B: Buy any? I got five of them.They were such a good bargain.
A: 你买打折的运动衫了吗?
B: 买了吗?我买了五件。这太值了。
A: Frank is certainly in a good mood.
B: The bargain he got on his new stereo made him very happy.
A: 弗兰克心情真不错。
B: 他买的新音箱很划算,这让他很高兴。
A: I thought this Shirt was a great deal but I washed it once and it’s shrunk so much that I can’t wear it.
B: Some bargain.You should ask for a refund.
A: 我本以为这件衬衫很值,可洗了一次就缩水,没法 穿了。
B: 真是廉价货。你应该要求退款。

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7
Q

bony

A

[‘bəuni] adj. 骨的;多骨的;瘦骨嶙峋的;似骨的

(例)The three -toed sloth has hook-like claws at the ends of its long bony arms.

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8
Q

brief

A
[bri:f] adj. 简短的,简洁的;短暂的,(fleeting,short)草率的
n. 摘要,简报;概要,诉书
vt. 简报,摘要;作…的提要
(派)briefing['bri:fiŋ] n. 简报;作战指示
v. 概述;作…的摘要(brief的现在分词)
    briefly ['bri:fli] adv. 短暂地;简略地;暂时地
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9
Q

buddy

A

[‘bʌdi] n. 伙伴,好朋友;[美口]密友;小男孩
vi. 做好朋友,交朋友
(搭)buddy system 各负责另一人之安全的两人同行制
(例)We’ll use a buddy system throughout the ride.我们将在整个驾车过程中实行一项伙伴制度。

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10
Q

catastrophe

A

[kə’tæstrəfi] n. 大灾难(disaster,tragedy);大祸;惨败

(参)apostrophe(n.省略符号)

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11
Q

classic

A

[‘klæsik] adj. 经典的;古典的,传统的;最优秀的

n. 名著;经典著作;大艺术家

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12
Q

coarse

A

[kɔ:s] adj. 粗糙的(*rough);粗俗的;下等的

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13
Q

communicate

A

[kə’mju:nikeit] vi. 通讯,传达;传播(express,convey);感染
vt. 传达;感染;显露
They will use satellites to communicate with mountain climbers.他们将使用卫星与登山者进行联络。
(派)communication [kə,mju:ni’keiʃən] n. 通讯,通信;交流

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14
Q

compare

A

[kəm’pεə] vt. 比较;对照;比喻为
vi. 比较;相比
n. 比较
(搭)compare with 与…比较,对照;compare to比喻为,把…比作;with compare 无与伦比。
(例)Compare to lunar space suits,Martian space suits will require smaller air tanks,and to allow for freer movement;the elbow and knee areas of the space suits will also be altered.与登月太空服相比,火星太空服所需的气罐更小,穿着活动更加自由,其肘部和膝部也将有所改变。

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15
Q

compel

A
[kəm'pel] vt. 强迫,迫使;驱使(drive)
(例) Beads come in shapes,colors,and materials that almost compel one to handle them and to sort them.珠子丰富各异的形状,色彩和材料,驱使人们把玩挑选。
(派)compelling [kəm'peliŋ] adj. 引人注目的;强制的;激发兴趣的
v. 强迫;以强力获得(compel的ing形式)
(参)dispel[dis'pel] vt. 驱散,驱逐;消除(烦恼等).
impel [im'pel] vt. 推动;驱使;激励.
repel [ri'pel] vt. 击退;抵制;使厌恶;使不愉快.
expel[ik'spel] vt. 驱逐;开除
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16
Q

comprehend

A

[,kɔmpri’hend] vt. 理解;领会(understand,grasp)包含;由…组成
(例)He needed to look up some words in order to comprehendthe novel.他需要查一些词才能理解这部小说。
(派)comprehensible[,kɔmpri’hensəbl] adj. 可理解的
comprehensive[,kɔmpri’hensiv] adj. 综合的;广泛的;有理解力的
n. 综合学校;专业综合测验

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17
Q

concentrate

A
['kɔnsəntreit] vi. 集中;浓缩;全神贯注;聚集
vt. 集中;浓缩
n. 浓缩,精选;浓缩液
(搭)Concentrate on 集中,全神贯注于
(例)A: What is that you are listening to?The beats  so strong that I can't concentrate on my work.
           B: No problem.I can switch over to something lighter.
          A: 你在听什么?节奏太强了,我都无法专心做功课。
          B: 没问题,我可以换个节奏更轻柔的音乐。
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18
Q

consent

A

[kən’sent] vi. 同意;赞成;答应
n. 同意;(意见等的)一致;赞成
(例)We are fortune that he’s consented to share some of his experiences with us.我们很幸运,他已经同意与我们分享他的一些经历了。

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19
Q

consideration

A

[kən,sidə’reiʃən] n. 考虑,思考;体谅,照顾;需要考虑的事;理由

(例)The government should give careful consideration to issues of food safety.政府应该仔细考虑食品安全的问题。

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20
Q

contrast

A

[kən’trɑ:st, -‘træst, ‘kɔntrɑ:st, -træst] v. 对比;对照(compare)
n. 对比;差别;对照物
(例) Because of these contrasts, “popular” may be viewed as clearly different from “folk”.由于这些对比,“流行”被看成与“民俗”明显不同。
The passage is organized by contrasting the meanings of two related words .这段话是通过对比两个相关字的意思而组织起来的。

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21
Q

coordinate

A
kəu'ɔ:dinit, kəu'ɔ:dineit] n. 坐标;同等的人或物
adj. 并列的;同等的
vt. 调整;整合;相配合(harmonize,cooperate)
vi. 协调
(例)Political partiesin the united states help to coordinate the campaigns of their members that mark election years.美国的政党帮助配合其候选人在选举年中的竞选。
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22
Q

copious

A

[‘kəupiəs] adj. 丰富的;很多的;多产的

(例)Scientists support the theory of relativity with copious evidence.

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23
Q

count

A

[kaunt] vt. 计算;认为
vi. 计数;有价值
n. 计数;计算;伯爵
(搭)count on 算上,指望,依靠;
Lost count (of) 数不清,不知道。
(例) I’m count on you to make notes from the history lecture.我正指望你记历史课的笔记呢。
A: Ever since your girlfriend moved to Brigdeport, you are always driving there. How many trips a week do you make anyway?
B: I have lose count. But I can do it with my eyes closed.
A:自打你女朋友搬到布里奇波特,你就总是开车去那里。你一个礼拜去几次啊?
B: 我都数不清了。不过我闭着眼睛就能做到。
A: I got an invitation to a financial planning seminar.And I don’t want to go alone.
B: Count me in .I needed all the help to manage my money.
A: 我收到邀请去参加一个财务规划研讨会。我不想自己一个人去。
B: 把我算上。我需要理财方面的各种帮助。
(参)mount (n.山;vi.上马)

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24
Q

crusade

A

[kru:’seid] n. 十字军(远征);运动(movement)
vi. 加入十字军;从事改革运动
(例)They came to perceive the war as a kind of democratic crusade against sounthern society.他们逐渐把战争视为对抗南方城市的一种民主运动。

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25
Q

cushion

A

[‘kuʃən] n.垫子(pillow) v. 缓冲(to protect against force or shock)
(搭)air-cushion vehicle 气垫船
(例)The carpet cushioned the fall of the vase.地毯缓冲了花瓶的坠落。

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26
Q

custom

A
['kʌstəm] n. (常pl)进口税(duites);习惯;风俗;海关
adj. 定制的,定做的
(搭)customs duties 进口税;customs commissioner 税务司
(参)customary(a.合乎惯例的)
          Customer  (n.顾客)
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27
Q

detectable

A

[di’tektəbl] adj. 可检测的;可发觉的

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28
Q

draw

A

[drɔ:] vt. 画;拉;吸引(attract,entice)

vi. 拉;拖
n. 平局;抽签

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29
Q

edifice

A

[‘edifis] n. 大厦;高大的或宏伟的建筑物

(例)The white house is the oldest public edifice in Washington D.C.白宫是华盛顿特区最古老的公共建筑。

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30
Q

emphasize

A

[‘emfəsaiz] vt. 强调,着重;重读(*stress)
(例)The story emphasized the courage of one man made him a hero in our history books.
(参)emphasis([‘emfəsis] n. 重点;强调;加强语气)

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31
Q

engine

A

[‘endʒin] n. 引擎,发动机

(派) engineer(n.工程师);engineering(工程学)

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32
Q

envelop

A

[in’veləp, ‘envələup] vt. 包围(*surround,encircle);包封;遮盖
n. 信封;包裹
(派)envelope (n.信封,包层)
(例)More dense atmosphere gradually enveloped Earth.更加浓厚的大气逐渐覆盖了地球。

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33
Q

episode

A

[‘episəud] n. 插曲;一段情节;插话;有趣的事件
(搭)Glacial episode冰河时代
(例)I missed the first episode of the new TV show, but I hope to watch a later on .我错过了新电视节目的第一集,不过我希望观看下一集。

34
Q

equation

A
[i'kweiʒən, -ʃən] n. 方程式,等式;相等;反应式
(例) As economists put it  ,the industry forms a crucial part of a country's economic equation,正如经济学家所言,工业是一个国家经济均衡的关键部分。
(参)equal['i:kwəl] adj. 平等的;相等的;胜任的
vt. 等于;比得上
n. 对手;匹敌;同辈;相等的事物
35
Q

external

A

[ik’stə:nəl] adj. 外部的;表面的(exterior);[药]外用的;外国的;外面的
n. 外部;外观;外面
(参)eternal [i’tə:nəl] adj. 永恒的;不朽的

36
Q

fade

A

feid, fad] vi. 褪色;凋谢(wither);逐渐消失(*disappear from,vanish)
(搭)fade away 逐渐凋谢,慢慢减弱
(例) I have heard the printing really fades when you wash them.我听说印花一洗真的会褪色。

37
Q

fellowship

A

[‘feləuʃip] n. 友谊(friendship);奖学金(scholarship);研究员职位

(例)I heard Joan was turned down for the graduate fellowship.我听说琼未能申请到研究生奖学金。

38
Q

fierce

A

[fiəs] adj. 凶猛的,残忍的(cruel);猛烈的(violent);暴躁的
(记) 和force(v.强迫,强制)一起记
(例)Human population near the equator have evolved dark skin over many generations because of exposure to the fierce rays of the sun.由于暴露在最强烈的日光下,赤道附近的人们经过很多代人的演化有了深色的皮肤。

39
Q

flint

A

[flint] n. 燧石;打火石;极硬的东西

40
Q

forefront

A

[‘fɔ:frʌnt] n. 最前线,最前沿;最活动的中心

(例) I know many of you are already at the forefront of the work place thchnology.我知道你们很多人已经处于车间技术的最前沿领先水平。

41
Q

freeze

A

[fri:z] vi. 冻结;冷冻;僵硬
vt. 使…冻住;使…结冰
n. 冻结;凝固
(搭) freeze over (水池,湖等)结冰;freeze up(机器,引擎中的水)结冰(使机器无法工作)
(例)Jack caught a fish and dropped it beside him on the ice and it froze solid.杰克捉到一条鱼,随手扔在了身旁的冰上,结果鱼冻的硬邦邦的。// I was really happy to be writing a detective story,But after the first few pages,I sort of froze up mentally.我很高兴能写侦探小说,但是只写了几页我脑子就不转了。

42
Q

grind

A

[ɡraind] vt. 打磨(polish);磨(碎);碾(碎)(*crush)
(例) The windmill has been used to pump water and grind grains.磨坊被用来泵水和碾谷子。
(派)grinder(n.磨工,研磨机)

43
Q

groom

A

[ɡru:m] vt. 整饰;推荐;喂马;将(动物的)皮毛弄干净;使做好准备;使…整洁
n. 新郎;马夫;男仆
vi. 打扮
(例) Mother chimpanzees care for and groom their young.黑猩猩母亲照顾子女,并把它们的皮毛弄干净。// All trails have to be checked daily to make sure they are groomed probably.所有的道路都得每天检查,确保其已清理整洁。

44
Q

heading

A

[‘hediŋ] n. 标题

45
Q

horde

A

[hɔ:d] n. 一大群(crowd,swarm),群;游牧部落

(例) There are hordes of traders at the jumble sale today.今天的旧货义卖会上有很多交易者。

46
Q

inactive

A

[in’æktiv] adj. 不活跃的;不活动的;怠惰的(idle);闲置的
(例)Although the states dominated economic activity during this period , the Federal government was not inactive.尽管这个时期各州政府掌控着经济活动,但联邦政府也并非无所作为。

47
Q

infest

A

[in’fest] vt. 骚扰;寄生于;大批出没;大批滋生
(搭) be infested with 多的成灾
(派)infestation(n.滋生,出没)

48
Q

interior

A

[in’tiəriə] n. 内部;本质;内陆(inland)
adj. 内部的(inner);国内的;本质的
(例) If a volcano erupts,some of the earth’s interior heats escapes to the surface.如果火山喷发,地球内部的一些热量就会逃逸到地面。

49
Q

jog

A

[dʒɔɡ] vt. 慢跑;轻推;蹒跚行进;使颠簸
vi. 慢跑;轻推;蹒跚行进;颠簸着移动
n. 慢跑;轻推,轻撞
(例) Let’s jog for another mile.我们再慢跑一英里吧。

50
Q

Latin

A

[‘lætin] adj. 拉丁语的;拉丁人的
n. 拉丁语;拉丁人
(例) The term virus is derived from the Latin word for poison or slime. Virus(病毒)这个词起源于拉丁文毒液或黏液。

51
Q

mammal

A

[‘mæməl] n. 哺乳动物

(例) Desert-adapted mammal have the further ability to feed normally when extremely dehydrated.适应沙漠的哺乳动物极度脱水时也能正常哺乳。

52
Q

melanin

A

n.黑色素

(例) The skin of the grass mouse contains lots of melanin,or dark pigments.草鼠的皮肤包含很多黑色素。

53
Q

nomadic

A

[nəu’mædik, nɔ-] adj. 游牧的;流浪的;游动的

(例) Some hunters continued the old pastoral and nomadic ways.一些猎户继续过着牧人游牧似的古老生活。

54
Q

notorious

A

[nəu’tɔ:riəs] adj. 声名狼藉的,臭名昭著的;众所周知的
(搭) be notorious for 因为…而臭名昭著
(例)The short story showed what was kind and what was evil through the contrast between two brothers,one famous and one notoroius.这个短篇小说通过对比一个著名另一个臭名昭著的兄弟俩,显示出何为善恶。

55
Q

parameter

A

[pə’ræmitə] n. 参数;系数;参量

(例) we must work within the parameter of budget and time this year.我们今年必须按照预算和时间的规定工作。

56
Q

pathology

A

[pə’θɔlədʒi] n. 病理学(复数pathologies);反常,变态(abnormality)
(例) The boundary lines between normality and pathology are often clearly delineated by medical science.正常与反常的界限往往由医学来清楚地描述。

57
Q

phenomena

A

[fi’nɔminə, fə-] n. 现象(phenomenon 的复数 )
(例)Many foreigners are curious about the cultural phenamena when they first pay a visit to America.很多外国人初次拜访美国时都会对其文化现象感到困惑。
(派)phenomenal[fi’nɔminəl, fə-] adj. 现象的;显著的;异常的;能知觉的

58
Q

plaster

A

[‘plɑ:stə, ‘plæs-] n. 石膏;灰泥;膏药
vt. 减轻;粘贴;涂以灰泥;敷以膏药;使平服
(例) These rough places on the wall could be plasterd over.可以在墙面的这些粗糙之处抹上灰泥。

59
Q

policy

A

[‘pɔlisi] n. 政策,方针;保险单

(搭) insurance policy 保险单

60
Q

quench

A

[kwentʃ] vt. 熄灭(extinguish,put out),淬火;解渴(slake,satisfy one’s thirst)
(搭) quench one’s thirst 解渴;quench a fire/flames 灭火
(例) Mineral water is the best way to quench one’s thirst.矿泉水是解渴的最佳方式。
(派)quenchable(a. 可熄灭的);quencher(n.淬火,骤冷);quenching(n.淬火,熄灭)

61
Q

renew

A

[ri’nju:] vt. 使更新;续借;复兴;重申
vi. 更新;重新开始
(例) Roland has to renew his passport because it is expired.罗纳德的护照过期了,他不得不去续签。
(派)renewable [ri’nju:əbl] adj. 可再生的;可更新的;可继续的
n. 再生性能源
renewed [ri’nju:d] adj. 更新的;复兴的;重建的
v. 更新;恢复(renew的过去分词)
renewal[ri’nju:əl] n. 更新,恢复;复兴;补充;革新;续借;重申

62
Q

ripen

A

[‘raipən] vt. 使成熟
vi. 成熟
(例) The fruit turns from green to yellow to red as it ripens.水果成熟时颜色会有绿转黄再变红。
(派)ripener(n.催熟剂),ripe[raip] adj. 熟的,成熟的;时机成熟的
vt. [英方]搜查;调查
vi. 进行搜查

63
Q

roost

A
[ru:st] n. 栖木;鸟窝;群栖的禽鸟
vi. 栖息;安歇
vt. 使…栖息;为…提供歇息处
(搭)rule the roost 当家
(例)Curse come home to roost.诅咒他人,应验自身。
(派)rooster ['ru:stə] n. 公鸡;狂妄自负的人
64
Q

salmon

A

[‘sæmən] n. 鲑鱼;大马哈鱼;鲑肉色

adj. 浅澄色的

65
Q

script

A

[skript] n. 脚本;文本体系(writing,manucript)

(搭)cuneiform script锲形文字

66
Q

sheer

A

[ʃiə] adj. 绝对的(absolute);透明的;峻峭的(steep)
adv. 完全;陡峭地
(例) The decade of the 1870’s was a period in which the sheer number of newspapers doubled.在19世纪70年代,报纸的绝对数量增长了一倍。

67
Q

spiral

A

[‘spaiərəl] n. 螺旋;旋涡;螺旋形之物
adj. 螺旋形的(helical);盘旋的
vt. 使成螺旋形;使作螺旋形上升
vi. 盘旋(coil,twist);成螺旋形;螺旋形上升(过去式spiraled/spiralled,过去分词spiraled/spiralled,现在分词spiraling/spiralling,第三人称单数spirals,副词spirally)
(搭)spiral galaxy 漩涡星云;spiral thread螺旋丝
(例)Paricles spiral back and forth between the earth’s magnetic poles.粒子在地球磁极之间来回盘旋。

68
Q

staff

A

[stɑ:f, stæf] n. 全体职员;工作人员(crew,personnel)

(例) A congressional representative needs a large staff.一名国会代表需要一大批工作人员。

69
Q

steady

A

[‘stedi] adj. 稳定的(constant,fixed);牢固的(firm)

(派)steadily(ad.稳定地)

70
Q

strata

A

n. 层;地层;阶层

71
Q

superior

A

[sju:’piriə, sju:pə-] adj. 上级的;优秀的,出众的;高傲的
n. 上级,长官;优胜者,高手;长者
(例)Natural vitamins are superior to syntheic ones.天然维生素优于合成维生素。
(派)superiority [sju:,piəri’ɔriti, sə-] n. 优越,优势;优越性

72
Q

surrender

A

[sə’rendə] vt. 使投降;放弃;交出;听任
vi. 投降;屈服;自首
(例) The murderer finally surrendered to the police.凶犯最终向警方投降。

73
Q

suspension

A

[sə’spenʃən] n. 悬浮;暂停;停职
(搭) suspension bridge吊桥
(例)The suspension of trading on the Grain Exchange was justified.谷物交易所暂停交易时有道理的。

74
Q

therapy

A

[‘θerəpi] n. 治疗,疗法(treatment of illness)

(例) In the third era of nutritional history,vitamin thrapy began to fall into disrepute.在营养史上的第三个阶段,维生素疗法的名声开始变坏。

75
Q

tile

A

[tail] n. 瓷砖,瓦片

vt. 铺以瓦;铺以瓷砖

76
Q

unadorned

A

a.为装饰的,朴实的(plain,unembellished)

(例) The works written by the female poet are all unadorned and simple.这位女诗人的作品朴实简练。

77
Q

unprecedented

A

[,ʌn’presidəntid] adj. 空前的;无前例的
(例)These innovations in manufacturing boosted output and living standards to an unprecedented extent.这些生产创新把产量和生活标准提高到了前所未有的程度。
(参)precedented(n. 先例;前例

adj. 在前的;在先的

78
Q

utilize

A

[‘ju:tilaiz] vt. 利用
(例) The body takes in and utilizes food substances.身体吸收并利用食物成分能。
(派) utilization [,ju:tilai’zeiʃən, -li’z-] n. 利用,使用

79
Q

vigorous

A

[‘viɡərəs] adj. 有力的(strong);精力充沛的(*energetic)
(例)The small group of the survivors was to become a vigorous ,self-sustaining island population.这一小群幸存者成为了岛屿上精力充沛,自给自足的剧名。
(派) vigorously [‘vigərəsli] adv. 精神旺盛地,活泼地
vigor[‘viɡə] n. 活力,精力