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T45 Flashcards

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2
Q

abstract

A

[‘æbstrækt, æb’strækt] n. 摘要；抽象；抽象的概念
adj. 抽象的；抽象派的
(例) I really like those abstract paintings we saw in our history class today.我确实很喜欢今天历史课上看到的抽象绘画作品。
（派 ）abstracted [æb’stræktid] adj. 心不在焉的；出神的；分离出来的；抽出的
abstraction[æb’strækʃən] n. 抽象；抽象概念

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3
Q

activate

A

[‘æktiveit] vt. 刺激；使活动

(例) If you press the red button near the bottom it will activate the washing machine.按靠近底部的红色按钮，就会启动洗衣机。

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4
Q

adjoining

A

[ə’dʒɔiniŋ] adj. 邻接的；毗连的（neighboring,adjacent)
v. 邻接（adjoin的ing形式）
(搭) adjoining countries毗邻的国家
(例)During wekend we usually heard noise in the adjoining apartment.周末我们通常会听到来自毗邻公寓的噪音。

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5
Q

affect

A

[ə’fekt, ‘æfekt] vt. 影响（influence)；感染；感动
(例) Let’s take a look at Parry’s research and how it affects what modern day scholars think about Homer.让我们看看帕里的研究，看它如何影响当代学者对荷马的认识。
How will the tax affect people on low incomes?税收会如何影响低收入人群？
(派) unaffected [,ʌnə’fektid] adj. 不受影响的
(参) effect [i’fekt] n. 影响；效果；作用;
infect [in’fekt] vt. 感染，传染

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6
Q

affirm

A

[ə’fə:m] vt. 肯定；断言;坚持声称(assert)

(例) The Scholar affirmed Shakespeare’s authorship of the plays.这位学者断言莎士比亚是这些剧本的作者。

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7
Q

alignment

A

[ə’lainmənt] n. 队列，排列(arrangement)；校准；联合，联盟( associate,alliance)
(记) align [ə’lain] vt. 使结盟；使成一行
vi. 排列；排成一行

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8
Q

array

A

[ə’rei] n. [计]数组，阵列；排列，列阵；大批，一系列(series)

vt. 排列，部署；打扮

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9
Q

Babylonian

A

[,bæbi’ləunjən] adj. 巴比伦的；罪恶的

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10
Q

basement

A

[‘beismənt] n. 地下室；地窖(cellar);建筑物的底部
(例) A: Wendy is in the basement trying to repair washing machine.
B: Shouldn’t she be working on her engineering paper?
A: 温迪正在地下室试着修理洗衣机。
B： 她不是应该在写工程论文吗？

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11
Q

bonanza

A

[bəu’nænzə] n. 富矿带；带来好运之事；幸运

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12
Q

brilliant

A

[‘briljənt] adj. 灿烂的，闪耀的(bright)；杰出的(outstanding)
(例) Scientists predicted the comet would be a brilliant spectacle.科学家预言彗星将成为奇观。// Tiffany is a brilliant designer.蒂法尼是个杰出的设计师。
（派）brilliantly[‘briljəntli] adv. 灿烂地；辉煌地；光亮地

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13
Q

bulk

A

[bʌlk] n. 体积，容量；大多数，大部分(majority)；大块
vt. 使扩大，使形成大量；使显得重要
(例) Most of their bulk is hidden below the water.它们的主体都隐藏在水下。// Airmail began to constitute the bulk of the United States’ mail.航空邮件开始成为美国邮件的主要部分。

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14
Q

chant

A

[tʃɑ:nt, tʃænt] n. 圣歌；赞美诗

（例）We’ve been studying Zulu chants of South Africa.我们一直都在研究南非祖鲁人的圣歌。

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15
Q

charcoal

A

[‘tʃɑ:kəul] n. 木炭（过去式charcoaled，过去分词charcoaled，现在分词charcoaling，第三人称单数charcoals）；炭笔

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16
Q

confirm

A

[kən’fə:m] vt. 证实(validate, verify)；批准(approve)；使巩固(strengthen)
(例) They confirmed earlier theories about the Moon’s surface.他们证实了早期关于月球表面的理论。// Has tomorrow’s meeting heen confirmed?明天的会议得到批准了吗？
（派）confirmation [,kɔnfə’meiʃən] n. 确认；证实；证明；批准
(参) conform [kən’fɔ:m] vi. 符合；遵照；适应环境
vt. 使遵守；使一致；使顺从
adj. 一致的；顺从的

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17
Q

continuation

A

[kən,tinju’eiʃən] n. 继续；延续(prolongation)；延长；附加部分；扩建物

(例) Which topic will most probably be included in the continuation of today’s lecture?今天这堂课接下来的部分最有可能包含哪个话题？

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18
Q

corporate

A

[‘kɔ:pərit] adj. 法人的；共同的，全体的；公司的(incorporated)

(例) Sarah used to teach psychology ,but now she is a corporate statistician.萨拉过去教过心理学，不过现在她是一个公司的统计员。

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19
Q

deny

A

[di’nai] vt. 否定，否认（negate)；拒绝(refuse)

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20
Q

diffusion

A

[di’fju:ʒən] n. 散布，扩散，传播；[物]漫射
(搭) air diffusion 空气扩散； cultural diffusion 文化扩散
（例）A series of reaction diffusion system is involved in the new equipment.新设备包括一系列的反应扩散系统。
（派）diffuse [di’fju:s] adj. 弥漫的；散开的
vt. 扩散；传播；漫射
vi. 传播；四散

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21
Q

distasteful

A

[dis’teistful] adj. 令人不愉快的(displeasing)；不合口味的；讨厌的(disagreeale)
(例) The teacher’s manners were distasteful to every student in the class.老师的态度令班里的每个学生讨厌。
（派）distaste [,dis’teist] n. 厌恶；讨厌
vt. 厌恶；不喜欢
vi. [废]不喜欢

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22
Q

district

A

[‘distrikt] n. 区域；地方；行政区;管区(section,area,region)

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23
Q

endeavor

A

[in’devə] n. 努力；尽力（等于endeavour）
vi. 努力；尽力（等于endeavour）
vt. 努力；尽力（等于endeavour）(strive,effort)
(例) Susan endeavor to get better grades in college.苏珊尽力在大学取得更好的成绩。

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24
Q

enterprising

A

[‘entəpraiziŋ] adj. 有事业心的；有进取心的（ambitious)
(例) Forts serve as bases where enterprising entrepreneurs could bring commerce to the west.要塞是有创业精神的企业家的基地，他们可以由此把贸易带到西部。
（派）enterprise [‘entəpraiz] n. 企业；事业；进取心；事业心
entrepreneur [,ɔntrəprə’nə:] n. 企业家；承包人；主办者

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25
Q

ephemeral

A

[i’femərəl] adj. 短暂的；朝生暮死的,转瞬即逝的(transient)

n. 只生存一天的事物

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26
Q

eruption

A

[i’rʌpʃən] n. 爆发，喷发；火山灰；出疹

(记)erupt [i’rʌpt] vt. 爆发；喷出

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27
Q

essay

A

[‘esei, e’sei] n. 散文(prose)；短文；评论(comment)；随笔
(例) We’ll begin our study by reading the first essay listed in the syllabus.
(参）syllabus [‘siləbəs] n. 教学大纲，摘要；课程表

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28
Q

execute

A

[‘eksikju:t] vt. 实行；执行(perform,create)；处死;完成
(派) execution [,eksi’kju:ʃən] n. 执行，实行；完成；死刑
executive [iɡ’zekjutiv] adj. 行政的；经营的；执行的
n. 经理；执行者；经理主管人员

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29
Q

expose

A

[ik’spəuz] vt. 揭露，揭发；使曝光
(搭) be exposed to 暴露于
（例） A group of mice was placed in a brightly lit open box with no hiding places. Some of the mice wandered aroud the box and didn’t appear to bothered about being so exposed. 一群老鼠被放在了照亮的无盖的盒子里，里面没有躲藏的地方。有些老鼠在盒子里转来转去，好像并不介意暴露在灯光之下。

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30
Q

familiar

A

[fə’miljə] adj. 熟悉的；通晓的；亲近的
n. 常客；密友
（搭） be familiar with 与…熟悉；通晓；// look familiar 看起来很像；// be familiar to 为…所熟悉的
（例）Many of you are familiar with this huge tree. It’s found in many areas of the US and Canada in cities and small towns.你们很多人都熟悉这种大树。美国和加拿大的城市和小镇的很多地区都有这种树。

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31
Q

Far-fetched

A

[‘fɑ:’fetʃt] adj. 牵强附会的
（例） The proposal the president had put forward seemed a little far-fetched.董事长的提议似乎有点牵强。
A: How did you like yesterday’s astronomy class?
B: It was interesting. But the point the teacher was trying to make seemed a little far-fetched.
A: 你觉得昨天的天文课怎么样？
B: 有意思。但是老师提出的观点似乎有点牵强。

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32
Q

firm

A

[‘fə:m] n. 公司(corporation)
Adj.结实的(hard, fixed)；坚定的(steadfast)；牢固的；vt. 使坚定；使牢固
(例) Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.从父母那里得到坚定，一致和理性指导的孩子们自信心更强。
（派）firmly(adv. 坚定地，坚决地；坚固地，稳固地

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33
Q

flap

A

[flæp] n. 拍打，拍打声；副翼

vi. 拍动；鼓翼而飞；（帽边等）垂下
vt. 拍打(lap)；扔；拉下帽边；飘动

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34
Q

flux

A

flʌks] n. 流量；变迁；不稳定；流出
vi. 熔化；流出
(派) influx [‘inflʌks] n. 流入；汇集；河流的汇集处

35
Q

fort

A

[fɔ:t] n. 堡垒(stronghold)；要塞；（美）边界贸易站

vt. 设要塞保卫
vi. 构筑要塞

36
Q

giraffe

A

[dʒi’rɑ:f] n. 长颈鹿

37
Q

grazing

A 
['ɡreiziŋ] n. 放牧；牧草,牧场(pasture)
v. 擦过；抓伤（graze的现在分词）
（搭） over grazing 过度放牧
（派) graze[ɡreiz] vt. 放牧；擦伤
vi. 吃草；擦伤
38
Q

harmonic

A

[hɑ:’mɔnik] adj. 和声的；谐和的

n. 谐波；和声

39
Q

ideomotor

A

[,aɪdɪə’məʊtə] adj. 观念运动的
(搭) ideomotor action观念运动；// ideomotor theory 念运动
(l例) As we al know, ideomotor action is a term of psychology.众所周知，观念运动是一个心理术语。

40
Q

idyllic

A

[i’dilik, ai-] adj. 牧歌的，田园诗的

(派)idyll [‘idil, ‘aidil] n. 田园诗；牧歌；田园生活

41
Q

illustrate

A

[‘iləstreit] vt. 阐明(clarify)，举例说明；图解
vi. 举例
(派) illustration[,ilə’streiʃən] n. 说明；插图；例证；图解

42
Q

inclination

A

[,inkli’neiʃən] n. 倾向，爱好；斜坡
(记)incline [in’klain] vi. 倾斜；倾向；易于
vt. 使倾斜；使倾向于
n. 倾斜；斜面；斜坡

43
Q

instinct

A

[‘instiŋkt] n. 本能，直觉；天性(nature)
(派) instinctive [in’stiŋktiv] adj. 本能的；直觉的；天生的
instinctively [in’stiŋktivli] adv. 本能地
(参) extinct [ik’stiŋkt] adj. 灭绝的，绝种的；熄灭的
distinct [dis’tiŋkt] adj. 明显的；独特的；清楚的；有区别的
extinguish [ik’stiŋɡwiʃ] vt. 熄灭

44
Q

introduction

A

[,intrə’dʌkʃən] n. 介绍；引进；采用；入门；传入

(记) introduce [,intrə’dju:s] vt. 介绍；引进；提出；采用

45
Q

ironic

A

[ai’rɔnik,-kəl] adj. 讽刺的(sarcastic)；反话的
(派) irony[aiərəni] n. 讽刺；反语；具有讽刺意味的事
adj. 铁的；似铁的

46
Q

luxury

A

[‘lʌkʃəri, ‘lʌɡʒəri] n. 奢侈，奢华；奢侈品；享受
adj. 奢侈的
(派) luxurious [lʌk’zjuəriəs, -‘ʒuə-] adj. 奢侈的；

47
Q

lyric

A

[‘lirik] adj. 抒情的；吟唱的
n. 抒情诗；(常pl)歌词
(例) Margaret wrote the lyrics for 21 children’s records.玛格丽特给21张儿童唱片创作了歌词。
（派）lyricism[‘lɪrɪsɪz(ə)m] n. 抒情性；抒情诗体；抒情方式抒情
lyrically(adv. 抒情地；诗意地)

48
Q

mantle

A

[‘mæntl] n. [地]地幔；斗篷；覆盖物

vi. 覆盖；脸红
vt. 覆盖

49
Q

meticulous

A

[mi’tikjuləs, mə-] adj. 一丝不苟的；小心翼翼的；细心的；拘泥小节的；很注意细节的(careful）
（派）meticulously [me’tikjuləsli] adv. 细致地；一丝不苟地；拘泥地

50
Q

migration

A

[mai’ɡreiʃən] n. 迁移；移民；移动
(记)migrate [mai’ɡreit, ‘maiɡ-] vi. 移动；随季节而移居；移往
(搭) bird migration 鸟类迁徙

51
Q

moderate

A 
['mɔdərət, 'mɔdəreit] adj. 稳健的，温和的（temperate）；适度的(mild);普通的(ordinary)
vi. 变缓和，变弱
vt. 节制；减轻
（派）moderately ['mɔdərətli] adv. 适度地
moderation [,mɔdə'reiʃən] n. 适度；节制；温和；缓和
52
Q

moisture

A

[‘mɔistʃə] n. 水分；湿气(humidity)；潮湿；降雨量

53
Q

municipal

A

[mju:’nisipəl] adj. 市政的，市的；地方自治的

54
Q

nauseous

A

[‘nɔːsɪəs; -z-] adj. 令人作呕的；厌恶的

55
Q

odd

A

[ɔd] adj. 奇数的(singular)；古怪的(bizarre)；剩余的；临时的；零散的

n. 奇数；怪人；奇特的事物

56
Q

oppose

A 
[ə'pəuz] vt. 反对；对抗(object,resist)，抗争
vi. 反对
(派) opposed [ə'pəuzd] adj. 相反的；敌对的
v. 反对（oppose的过去分词）；使对立
opposing [ə'pəuziŋ] adj. 反对的；相对的；对面的
v. 反对（oppose的ing形式）
57
Q

orbital

A

[‘ɔ:bitəl] adj. 轨道的

orbit [‘ɔ:bit] n. 轨道

58
Q

orchestra

A

[‘ɔ:kistrə, -kes-] n. 管弦乐队(band)；乐队演奏处
(搭) symphony orchestra 交响乐队
(派) orchestral[ɔ:’kestrəl] adj. 管弦乐的；管弦乐队的
orchestration [,ɔ:kis’treiʃən, -ke-] n. 管弦乐编曲；和谐的结合
symphony [‘simfəni] n. 交响乐；谐声，和声

59
Q

pensive

A

[‘pensiv] adj. 沉思的（meditative)，忧郁的；悲伤的，哀愁的

60
Q

peripheral

A

[pə’rifərəl] adj. 外围的；次要的;不重要的(unimportant)
(搭) peripheral nerves 外围神经
(例) However, the dispute between the colonists and England was peripheral。然而，殖民者和英国之间的争议时不重要的。

61
Q

pole

A

[pəul] n. 杆；极点；电极

vt. 用竿支撑

62
Q

pound

A

[paund] n. 英镑；重击;拘留所

vt. 捣烂；敲打；监禁，拘留
vi. 连续重击，猛击

63
Q

practically

A

[‘præktikəli] adv. 实际地(virtually,actually)；几乎(nearly)；事实上

64
Q

prestige

A

[pre’sti:ʒ, -‘sti:dʒ, ‘prestidʒ] n. 威望，声望(reputation)；声誉;影响力

65
Q

relic

A

[‘relik] n. 遗迹，遗物；废墟；纪念物

66
Q

resort

A

[ri’zɔ:t] n. 凭借，手段；度假胜地；常去之地

vi. (to)求助，诉诸

67
Q

rough

A 
[rʌf] adj. 粗糙的(coarse)；粗略的；粗野的；艰苦的；未经加工的
vt. 使粗糙；粗暴对待；草拟
n.未经加工的材料；粗糙的部分;草图
（记）和tough(强硬的)一起记
（例) Life in  nineteenth-century forts was very rough.19世纪要塞里的生活非常艰苦。
（派）roughness ['rʌfnis] n. 粗糙（度）；粗暴
68
Q

sauce

A

[sɔ:s] n. 酱油；沙司；调味汁

vt. 使增加趣味；给…调味

69
Q

scout

A

[skaut] n. 搜索，侦察；侦察员；侦察机

vt. 侦察；跟踪，监视；发现

70
Q

seclusion

A

[si:’klu:ʒən] n. 独处；隔离；隐退；隐蔽的地方

71
Q

slide

A 
[slaid] n. 滑动(slippage)；幻灯片；滑梯；雪崩
vi. 滑动(glide,slip)；滑落；
(搭) slide projector 幻灯片；// slide rule 计算尺
（派）slider ['slaidə] n. [电]滑动器；滑雪者；
sliding ['slaidiŋ] adj. 变化的；滑行的
n. 滑；移动
v. 滑动；使滑行（slide的ing形式）
72
Q

studio

A

[‘stju:diəu, ‘stu:-] n. 工作室；演播室；画室；电影制片厂

73
Q

supplement

A 
['sʌplimənt, 'sʌpləment] n. 补充，补遗；补充物；附录
vt. 补充，增补(add to)
(派) supplementary [,sʌpli'mentəri] adj. 补充的；追加的
n. 补充者；增补物
supplementation [,sʌpləmən'teʃən] n. 补充；增补
supply [sə'plai] n. 供给，补给；供应品
vt. 供给，提供；补充
vi. 供给；替代
74
Q

therefore

A

[‘ðεəfɔ:] adv. 因此；所以(consequently)
(例) The transplanted bone may not be compatible with the patient’s body, and therefore runs the risk of rejection.移植的骨头可能与病人的身体不匹配，所以存在被排斥的风险。

75
Q

tough

A

[tʌf] adj. 艰苦的，困难的；坚强的，不屈不挠的；坚韧的，牢固的；强壮的，结实的；棘手的；
n. 恶棍
vt. 坚持；忍受，忍耐
adv. 强硬地，顽强地
（搭）a tough job棘手额工作；// tough luck 真倒霉；// tough choice 艰难的抉择；//tough guy硬汉
（例） He’s as tough as nails—a goos man to have on the mountain rescue team.他很能吃苦—是山区营救队的得力成员。
（参）rough[rʌf] adj. 粗糙的；粗略的；粗野的；艰苦的；未经加工的
vt. 使粗糙；粗暴对待；草拟

76
Q

transmitter

A

[trænz’mitə, træns-, trɑ:n-] n. 发射机，发报机；传达人;传送者；传输者
（搭） neural transmitter 神经介质
（例）These vegetables are all rich in the amino acid that helps produce in the brain a neural transmitter that induces sleep.这些蔬菜富含氨基酸，帮助大脑产生诱导睡眠的神经介质。// This neutral transmitter will help you relax, and you’ll be on the way to get a good night’s sleep. 这种神经介质会帮助你放松， 你会睡上一个好觉。

77
Q

tropic

A 
['trɔpik] n. 热带；回归线
adj. 热带的
(例) Heat  is transported from the tropics to the middle and high latitudes.热量从热带被传输到中高纬度地区。
（派）tropical ['trɔpikəl] adj. 热带的；热情的；酷热的
subtropical [,sʌb'trɔpikəl] adj. 亚热带的
78
Q

ultimately

A

[‘ʌltimətli] adv. 最后;最终(eventually,finally)；根本；基本上(fundamentally)

79
Q

vent

A 
[vent] n. （感情的）发泄；出口；通风孔
vt. 发泄感情；放出…；给…开孔
vi. 放出；（通过排泄等）减轻压力
(搭)air vent 气孔
（搭）All along the vents there are these unusual microorganisms.沿着整个通风口都是这些罕见的微生物。
（派） ventilate ['ventileit] vt. 使通风
ventilation [,venti'leiʃən] n. 通风设备；空气流通
80
Q

volume

A

[‘vɔlju:m] n.卷(book)； 体积；容量(amount,capacity)；音量；大量；册

81
Q

zinc

A

[ziŋk] n. 锌

TOFEL Vocabulary (5 decks)

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