T01 Flashcards

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2
Q

accomplishment

A

[ə’kʌmpliʃmənt, ə’kɔm-] n. 成就;完成;技艺,技能
(例)A: Let me tell you,I’m really happy I got that scholarship, but I wish my parent would stop bragging to everybody.
B: What, that’s quite a accomplishment . If you ask me ,I think you deserve a little bit recognition.
A: 让我来告诉你吧,得到奖学金真让我开心,但是我希望父母别再向每个人炫耀这件事了。
B: 是吗?这的确了不起。如果你问我的话,我觉得你应该得到一些赞美。

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3
Q

acronym

A

[‘ækrəunim] n. 首字母缩略词(abbreviation)

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4
Q

acute

A

[ə’kju:t] adj. 严重的,急性的;敏锐的(keen);激烈的(*intense);尖声的

(例)It is urgent that the acute problem of air pollution in the city be solved.该城市空气污染这一严重问题亟待解决。

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5
Q

adhere

A
[əd'hiə] vi. 坚持(cling);依附(*stick);粘着;追随
vt. 使粘附
例. Some of sizable ice crystals adhere to each other to create a cluster of ice crystals or snowflake.
一些大小相当的冰晶体粘附在一起,形成一簇冰晶体或一片雪花。
(派) adhension(n.粘附力,附着,黏着)
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6
Q

aggression

A

[ə’ɡreʃən] n. 侵略(invasion);进攻;侵犯;侵害

例. Within this colony, there is little aggression among ants from different nests.在这个蚁群当中,来自不同蚁巢的蚂蚁之间很少有攻击行为。

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7
Q

artistic

A

[ɑ:’tistik] adj. 艺术的(aesthetical);风雅的;有美感的
例. We’ll see many artistic works depicting the major events of her life.我们将看到描写她一生主要事件的艺术作品。
(派)artistically( [a:’tistikəli] adv. 在艺术上;富有艺术地)
(参)artistry( [‘ɑ:tistri] n. 艺术性;工艺;艺术技巧;艺术效果;艺术工作)

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8
Q

awareness

A

[ə’w?ənis] n. 意识,认识;明白,知道;注意(*realization)

(搭)self-awareness自我意识;public awareness 公共意识

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9
Q

balance

A

[‘bæləns] n. 平衡(equilibrium);余额;匀称
vt. 使平衡(equilibrate);结算;使相称
vi. 保持平衡;相称;抵销
(搭)lose one’s balance 失去平衡;balance oneself 保持自身平衡;a balance of nature 自然平衡;maintain balance 保持平衡
例. Winds are the natural way of balancing uneven distribution of air pressure over the earth.风是平衡地球气压分配不均的自然方式。
A balanced meal consists of five key elements: proteins,carbohydrate,fats,vitamins and minerals.平衡的膳食包括五个关键的要素:蛋白质,碳水化合物,脂肪,维生素和矿物质。
(派)counterbanlance(n. 平衡力;自动抵销 | vt. 使平衡;抵消);
well-balanced(adj. 匀称的;神智健全的;通情达理的;明智的)

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10
Q

brochure

A

[bro’ʃur] n. 手册,小册子(pamphlet,booklet)

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11
Q

careless

A

[‘kεəlis] adj. 粗心的;疏忽的(negligent);淡漠的
例.The police claimed that the serious traffic accident resulted from a careless driver.警方声称一名粗心的司机导致了这起严重的交通事故。
(派)carelessly [‘k?əlisli] adv. 粗心地;不注意地;无忧无虑地
例.The police claimed that the serious traffic accident resulted from a careless driver.
(派)carelessly [‘k?əlisli] adv. 粗心地;不注意地;无忧无虑地

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12
Q

chimpanzee

A

[,tʃimpən’zi:] n. [动]黑猩猩

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13
Q

collective

A

[kə’lektiv] adj. 集体的;共同的(common);[语]集合的;集体主义的
n. 集团;集合体;[语]集合名词
例. The decision,made by the board of birectors,is the result of collective agreement.董事会作出决定的结果是集体同意。
collect [kə’lekt] vt. 收集;募捐
vi. 收集;聚集;募捐

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14
Q

conductivity

A
[,kɔndʌk'tiviti] n. 导电性;传导性
(例).The nerve cells exhibit to great degree the phenomema of conductivity.神经细胞在很大程度上展示出传导性的现象。
conduct['kɔndʌkt, kən'dʌkt] vi. 导电;带领
vt. 管理;引导;表现
n. 进行;行为;实施
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15
Q

congestion

A
[kən'dʒestʃən] n. 拥挤;拥塞;充血
(记)来自congest [kən'dʒest] vt. 使充血;充塞
vi. 充血;拥挤
(派)congested [kən'dʒestid] adj. 堵塞的,拥挤的
v. 挤满;超负荷(congest的过去分词)
(参)conversion [kən'və:ʃən] n. 转换;变换;兑换;改变信仰
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16
Q

convince

A

[kən’vins] vt. 说服(persuade,assure);使确信,使信服
(例) She convinced the man to apply to graduate school.她说服了这名男子向研究生院提出申请。
(派)convincing [kən’vinsiŋ] adj. 令人信服的;有说服力的
v. 使相信;使明白(convince的现在分词)
unconvincing [ʌnkən’vɪnsɪŋ] adj. 不足以令人相信的(名词unconvincingness,副词unconvincingly)

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17
Q

council

A

[‘kaunsəl] n. 委员会;会议;理事会;地方议会;顾问班子

(记) security council(联合国)安理会

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18
Q

crevice

A

[‘krevis] n. 裂缝(gap);裂隙

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19
Q

crossing

A

[‘krɔ:siŋ] n. 十字路口;杂交;横渡;横道
v. 横越(cross的现在分词)
(搭)level crossing=grade crossing(铁路,公路交汇的)平交道口;平面交叉。a river crossing 河流交叉口。
(参)crossroad [‘krɔ:s,rəud] n. 十字路口;交叉路;岔道;重大的抉择关头
intersection [,intə’sekʃən] n. 交叉;十字路口;交集;交叉点

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20
Q

curriculum

A

[kə’rikjuləm] n. 课程(course)(pl.curricula)

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21
Q

debate

A

[di’beit] vt. 辩论(argue),争论(discuss,dispute),讨论
vi. 辩论,争论,讨论
n. 辩论;辩论会
(例) The two parties are debating politics on the radio.两党派正在广播电台就政治议题进行辩论。
(派)debatable [di’beitəbl] adj. 成问题的;可争论的;未决定的

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22
Q

deficiency

A

[di’fiʃənsi] n. 缺陷,缺点;缺乏;不足的数额
(记)来自deficient[di’fiʃənt] adj. 不足的;有缺陷的;不充分的
(搭)deficiency sympton营养缺乏症状
(例)Vitamin D deficiency can lead to serious bone diseases.缺乏维生素D会导致严重的骨骼疾病。
(参)sufficiency [sə’fiʃənsi] n. 足量,充足;自满

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23
Q

devotion

A

[di’vəuʃən] n. 献身,奉献(dedication);忠诚;热爱(passion)
(记)devote [di’vəut] vt. 致力于;奉献
(例)We all appreciated the new employee’s devotion of much time to the project.我们都感谢这位新员工,他对项目投入了大量时间。

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24
Q

discharge

A

[dis’tʃɑ:dʒ, ‘distʃɑ:dʒ, dis’tʃ-] vt. 解雇;卸下;放出;免除
vi. 排放;卸货;流出
n. 排放;卸货;解雇
例. Are you in any pain or is there any discharge in your ears?你有痛感吗?你耳朵里是否有分泌物?
例. If too much volcanic heat is discharged, the crater’s ice pack will melt away entirely.如果释放出过多热量,火山口的冰层就完全融化。

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25
Q

dispute

A
[dis'pju:t, 'dis-] vt. 辩论;怀疑;阻止;抗拒
vi. 争论(debate)
n. 辩论,争论(*arguement);纠纷
例. The village chief dealt with land disputes and religious affairs.村长负责处理土地纠纷和宗教事务。//It would be hard to dispute that he manipulated space extremely well.他对空间的操控非常娴熟,这一点难以辨驳。
(参)disrepute [,disri'pju:t] n. 不光彩,坏名声
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26
Q

diverse

A

[dai’və:s, di-] adj. 不同的(different);多种多样的(varied.various);变化多的
例. The researcher observed babies and their monthers in sixdiverse cultures.研究人员观察了属于6个不同文化的婴儿及其母亲。

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27
Q

doctrine

A

[‘dɔktrin] n. 主义;学说(theory);教义(dogma,teachings);信条

例. For a while in the United States ,laisser faire was a popular doctrine.自由主义在美国有一段时期曾经是风靡一时的学说。

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28
Q

endless

A

[‘endlis] adj. 无止境的(everlasting,eternal);连续的;环状的;漫无目的的

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29
Q

enforce

A

[in’fɔ:s] vt. 实施,执行(carry out );强迫(compel),强制

例. Dr.White enforces strict deadlines on lab work.怀特博士对实验室的工作执行着严格的期限。

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30
Q

essentially

A

[i’senʃəli] adv. 本质上;本来,基本上(basically)
例. We all know what an advertisement is ,and it’s essentially a message that announces something for sale.我们都知道广告是什么,其本质就是一则宣布某物出售的信息。//The moon and the earth are composed of essentialy the same minerals.月球和地球基本上是有相同的矿物质组成的。

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31
Q

expire

A
[ik'spaiə, ek-] vi. 期满;终止;死亡;呼气
vt. 呼出(空气)
例.Ronald has to renew his passport because it is expired.罗纳德的护照过期了,他不得不去续签。
(参)aspire [ə'spaiə] vi. 渴望;立志;追求
perspire [pəs'paiə] vi. 流汗;分泌;渗出
vt. 使流汗;分泌出
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32
Q

fare

A

[fεə] vi. 经营;进展(evolve);
n. 票价;费用(charge)
例. How are you faring with your project?你的项目进展如何?

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33
Q

flat

A
flæt] adj. 平坦的(smooth);扁平的;浅的;单调的
adv. 平直地;断然地
n. 平地;平面;公寓
vi. 变平
例. In ancient times, many people believed the earth was a flat disc.古时候很多人认为地球是个扁平的圆盘。
(派)flattish['flætiʃ] adj. 稍平的;有点平凡的
34
Q

forward

A
['fɔrwɚd]
adj. 向前的;早的;迅速的
adv. 向前地;向将来
vt. 促进;转寄;运送
n. 前锋
(搭) look forward to sth./doing 期盼...
(例)A: I'm pretty exited. The outdoor club is going hiking this weekend.
B: Yes,Finally, I've been looking forward to it all year.
A: 我特别激动。户外俱乐部在这个周末要去远足。
B: 是啊。终于成行了,我都盼了有一年了。
35
Q

foul

A

[faul] adj. 肮脏的(disgusting.filthy);污秽的
(记)联想记忆:邪恶的(foul)心灵(soul)
例。The teachers were all shocked by the boy’s foul language and behaviors.老师们都被这个男孩的污言秽语和不良行径惊呆了。

36
Q

glow

A

[ɡləu] vi. 发热;发光(*shine);绚丽夺目
n. 灼热;色彩鲜艳;兴高采烈
(派)glowing [‘ɡləuiŋ] adj. 灼热的;热情洋溢的;鲜艳的
v. 发光;容光焕发(glow的ing形式);发热

37
Q

gym

A

[dʒim] n. 健身房;体育;体育馆
(搭) go to gym 去健身
例。A: Have you been to the new gym since it opend?
B: Are you kidding? Tomorrow is the deadline for my project.
A:新健身房开放之后你去过没有?
B:你在开玩笑吗?明天是我的项目的截至日期。
A:Can you please tell me where I’d find gym shoes?
B:Yes, they’d be in the sportswear department at the back of the store.
A:你能告诉我哪里能找到运动鞋吗?
B:当然,在商店后面的运动装专区。

38
Q

honest

A

[‘ɔnist] adj. 诚实的,正直的(upright);可靠的;坦率的
(搭)to be honest 老实说,实话实说
例。To be honest, I haven’t read the science fiction you borrowed me last week.实话实说,我还没读你上周借给我的那本科幻小说。
A:Umm… are you going to try some of this chocolate pudding? It’s incredible.
B: Well, to be honest with you ,I’ve never been a big fan of chocolate,
A:嗯…你想尝点巧克力布丁吗?太好吃了。
B:算了,说实话,我向来都不怎么爱吃巧克力。

39
Q

improve

A
[im'pru:v] vt. 改善,增进;提高…的价值
vi. 增加;变得更好
例A: Emh,coffee in this restaurant is really improved. They must have changed suppliers.
B:Really? You can taste differences?
A:嗯,这个饭店的咖啡的确更好喝了。他们肯定换了供应商。
B:真的吗?你能品尝出不同?
(参)approve [ə'pru:v] vt. 批准;赞成;为…提供证据
vi. 批准;赞成;满意
40
Q

interest

A

[‘intrist, ‘intər-] n. 兴趣,利息;(常pl)权益,利益(benefit)
vt. 使……感兴趣;引起……的关心;使……参与
例。Chisholm was known for advancing the interests of urban poor.齐泽姆因维护城市贫民的利益而闻名。

41
Q

investigate

A

[in’vestiɡeit] v. 调查(*check,probe);研究
例。The program will investigate how the brain functions and malfunctions.这个项目将研究大脑如何运作以及如何失控。
(派)investigation [in,vesti’ɡeiʃən] n. 调查;调查研究

42
Q

juvenile

A

[‘dʒu:vənail, -nil] adj. 青少年的;幼稚的
n. 青少年;少年读物
(参)larva [‘lɑ:və] n. 幼体,幼虫

43
Q

load

A

[ləud] n. 负载,负担(*weight);工作量;装载量
vi. 加载;装载;装货
vt. 使担负(burden);装填
例.Leslie has a heavier course load than usual this term.莱斯利这个学期的课业负担比往常重。//They loaded my suitcases on the last plane.他们把我的行李箱装上了最后一架飞机。

44
Q

log

A

[lɔɡ, lɔ:ɡ] vi. 伐木

vt. 切;伐木;航行
n. 记录;航行日志;木材(wood,timber)

45
Q

manage

A

[‘mænidʒ] vt. 管理(preside over;administer);经营;控制;设法
vi. 处理;应付过去
例。She wasn’t able to manage the project well.她没有能力管理好这个项目。
(派)manageable [‘mænidʒəbl] adj. 易管理的;易控制的;易办的
management [‘mænidʒmənt] n. 管理;管理人员;管理部门;操纵;经营手段

46
Q

maritime

A

[‘mæritaim] adj. 海的;海事的;沿海的;海员的
例。The peopling of the Pacific Islands has been described as the greast feat of maritime colonization in human history.太平洋岛屿上的人口定居被称为人类历史上海洋殖民最伟大的壮举。

47
Q

mat

A

[mæt] n. 垫;垫子(rug,cushion);草席

(记)联想记忆:头上戴帽子(hat),下面做垫子(mat)

48
Q

obstruct

A

[əb’strʌkt, ɔb-] vt. 妨碍;阻塞)impede,block);遮断
vi. 阻塞;设障碍
例。Skyscrapers and television reception obstruct air traffic.摩天大楼和电视接收装置妨碍空中交通。
(派)obstruction [əb’strʌkʃən, ɔb-] n. 障碍;阻碍;妨碍
unobstructed [‘ʌnəb’strʌktid] adj. 没有障碍的;畅通无阻的

49
Q

overcharge

A

[,əuvə’tʃɑ:dʒ, ‘əuvətʃɑ:dʒ] n. 过度充电;超载;装药过多

vt. 对……索价过高;使……过度充电
vi. 过度充电;讨价过高

50
Q

partly

A

[‘pɑ:tli] adv. 部分地;在一定程度上

例。Many young people quit school and go to work partly because they live in poverty.很多年轻人辍学就业的部分原因是生活贫困。

51
Q

pollen

A

[‘pɔlin] vt. 传授花粉给

n. 花粉

52
Q

predominant

A

[,pri’dɔminənt] adj. 主要的(dominant,principal);卓越的;支配的;有力的;有影响的
例。Dark blue is the predominant color in the Prince’s room.深蓝色是王子房间里的主要颜色。
(派)predominantly [prɪ’dɑmɪnəntli] adv. 主要地;显著地

53
Q

prevalent

A

[‘prevələnt] adj. 流行的;普遍的(*common,universal),广传的

例。Colds are prevalent in the winter.感冒在冬天很流行。

54
Q

protagonist

A

[prəu’tæɡənist] n. 主角,主演;主要人物,领导者
(参)stooge [stu:dʒ] n. 喜剧里的配角或丑角;助手
vi. 充当配角;[英俚]巡航

55
Q

radiation

A

[,reidi’eiʃən] n. 辐射;发光;放射物
(搭)solar radiation太阳辐射;//radiation therapy放射疗法
例。Because it spends a lot of time in the intense tropical sun,the grass mouse has also evolved two seperate safeguards against the sun’s ultraviolet radiation.由于草鼠长时间待在强烈的热带阳光下,它演化出了两套防止紫外辐射的安全措施。//

56
Q

rehabilitate

A

[,ri:hə’biliteit] vt. 使康复;使恢复名誉;使恢复原状,修复(restore)
vi. 复兴;复权;恢复正常生活
例。San Antonio’s leaders rehabilitated existing structures.圣安东尼奥的领导人们修复了现存的结构。
(派)rehabilitation [‘ri:hə,bili’teiʃən] n. 复原

57
Q

renovate

A

[‘renəuveit] vt. 更新;修复(restore);革新;刷新
例。They have completely renovated the restaurant.他们已经彻底整修了这家饭店。
(派)renovation [,renəu’veiʃən] n. 革新;修理;恢复活力

58
Q

sapphire

A

[‘sæfaiə] n. 蓝宝石;青玉;天蓝色

adj. 天蓝色的

59
Q

scatter

A

[‘skætə] v. 分散,驱散(*irregularly distribute,disperse)
例。Over 25000 islands are scattered across the surface of the pacific.太平洋上散布着超过2.5万座岛屿。
(派)scattered [‘skætəd] adj. 分散的;散乱的

60
Q

sensual

A

[‘sensjuəl, -ʃuə-] adj. 感觉的;感官的
例. The purpose of a poem need not inform the reader of anything,but rather to evoke feelings, to create a sensual pleasing experience.诗不需要让读者了解什么,其目地应该是激发情感,产生感官上的愉悦体验。

61
Q

shellfish

A

[‘ʃelfiʃ] n. 甲壳类动物;贝,贝类等有壳的水生动物

例。Shellfish always attach themselves to huge rocks. 贝类经常将自己贴附在大石块上。

62
Q

shuttle

A

[‘ʃʌtl] n. 航天飞机

(搭) space shuttle(往返于地球和太空站之间运载人和物资的)航天飞机

63
Q

sodium

A

[‘səudiəm] n. [化]钠(11号元素,符号 Na)

64
Q

solo

A
['səuləu] n. 独奏;独唱;独奏曲
adj. 独奏的;独唱的;单独的(sole)
vt. 单人攀登;[航]单独驾
vi. 单独表演;放单飞
adv. 单独地
(派) soloist['səuləuist] n. 独奏者;独唱者
65
Q

spice

A

[spais] n. 香料, 调味品(season,flavor)

(派)spicy[‘spaisi] adj. 辛辣的;香的,多香料的;下流的

66
Q

stretch

A

[[stretʃ]] v延伸,拉长(*extend)
n.一段路程,延伸
(搭) stretch out 开始大踏步走;伸手
(例) The whole 150-mile stretch is influenced by tides from the Atlantic Ocean.整个150英里的路程受到大西洋潮汐的影响。

67
Q

strive

A
[straiv] vi. 努力(struggle);奋斗;抗争
(搭) strive for 奋斗,努力
例。LIke all artists,jazz musicians strive for an individual style.爵士音乐家如同所有艺术家一样,都力求体现个人风格。
(参)stride [straid] n. 大步;步幅;进展
vt. 跨过;大踏步走过;跨坐在…
68
Q

stylistic

A

[stai’listik] adj. 体裁上的;格式上的;文体论的

69
Q

surplus

A

[‘sə:plʌs, -pləs] n.盈余(excess);过剩
adj. 剩余的;过剩的
例。Surpluses of food could also be bartered for other commodities.剩余的食品也能用来交换其他的商品。

70
Q

sweep

A

[swi:p] v. 扫除(clean);席卷
n.摆动(swing)
例。The students in the laboratory helped sweep up the glass.实验室里的学生帮着把玻璃擦干净了。

71
Q

syllable

A

[‘siləbl] n. 音节

72
Q

temporary

A

[‘tempərəri] adj. 暂时的(*existing),临时的
n. 临时工,临时雇员
例。She must have been a temporary worker.她肯定是个临时工。
(派)temporarily [‘tempərərili, ,tempə’rεə-] adv. 临时地,临时

73
Q

tendency

A

[‘tendənsi] n. 倾向,趋势(inclination,trend);癖好

例. There has been a tendency to ramanticize the accomplishments of the Group.现今存在一种将该集团的成就传奇化的倾向。

74
Q

term

A

[tə:m] n. 术语;学期(semester);期限;条款(clause)
vt. 把…叫做/称作
(搭)in terms of 按照,依据,在…方面
(例)If you compare the earth and the moon in terms of substance,you will find the moon isn’t much like the earth.如果从物质的角度比较地球和月球,你会发现月球和地球不太像。

75
Q

tow

A

[təu] n/v.. 拖;牵引(pull)
(记)联想记忆:拉(tow)弓(bow)射箭
例。Could you please give me a tow?你能拉我一把吗?

76
Q

trial

A

[‘traiəl] n. 试验;审讯;考验(test);磨炼
adj. 试验的;审讯的
(记)联想记忆:加紧审讯(trial);追查踪迹(trail)
(搭)trial class实验课;bring sb. To trial审判某人;clinical trials 临床实验;medical trial医学实验
(例)A:Would you like to try the new seafood restaurant tonight ? I hear it’s very good.
B: I have to give a presentation tomorrow and I need to do a trial run.
A:你今晚想去新开的海鲜餐厅吗?我听说那里很不错。
B:我明天要做个报告,今天需要演练一次。
A:I ‘ve got to give my oral presentation in class tomorrow and I’m so nervous.
B:Maybe you just need a trial run.Why don’t you use me as your audience?
A:我明天得在课堂上做口头报告,心里很紧张。
B:你试着演练一次没准就不紧张了。为什么不把我当做你的听众呢?

77
Q

unearth

A

[,ʌn’ə:θ] vt. 发掘(dig out);揭露,发现;从洞中赶出

例。They did unearth the bones of a 45-foot-long dinosaur.他们的确挖掘出了有着45英尺身长的恐龙的骨骼。

78
Q

varnish

A

[‘vɑ:niʃ] vt. 装饰,粉饰;在…上涂清漆;使…有光泽
例。The main task of the limners was to varnish furniture.画匠的主要任务是给家具上清漆。
(派)varnished [‘va:niʃt] adj. [涂料] 涂漆的;浸渍过的
v. 给…上清漆;文饰(varnish的过去分词)

79
Q

wipe

A

[waip] v./n. 擦;消除;涂上

(搭) wipe out 消灭,彻底摧毁;垮台;除去;毁灭