T40 Flashcards

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2
Q

advertise

A

[‘ædvətaiz] vt. 通知;为…做广告;使突出
vi. 做广告,登广告;作宣传
(例) I’d like to enroll in the free seminar you advertise in newapaper.我想报名参加你在报纸上宣传的免费研讨会。
(派)advertisement [əd’və:tismənt, ,ædvə’taizmənt] n. 广告,宣传

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3
Q

alloy

A

[‘ælɔi, ə’lɔi] vt. 使成合金

n. 合金

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4
Q

altitude

A

[‘æltitju:d] n. (海拔)高度(height),【常pl】海拔甚高的地方
(例) Plants canot move water to high altitudes.工厂无法把水运到高海拔地区。
(参)latitude [‘lætitju:d] n. 纬度.//
longitude [‘lɔndʒitju:d, -tu:d] n. [地]经度;[地]经线
attitude [‘æt?tju?d, -tu?d] n. 态度;看法

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5
Q

arrange

A

[ə’reindʒ] vt. 布置;安排(plan);排列;筹备(prepare)
(派) arrangement [ə’reindʒmənt] n. 布置;整理;准备
rearrange[,ri:ə’reindʒ] vt. 重新排列;重新整理

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6
Q

backup

A

[‘bækʌp] n. 支持;后援;后备;阻塞
adj. 支持的;候补的
vt. 做备份
(例) You’d better backup your files when you edit them.你编辑文档时最好备份一下。

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7
Q

blame

A

[‘bleim] vt. 责备(condemn,rebuke);谴责;归咎于
n. 责备(condemnation,reprehension);责任;过失
(例) The report blames leader’s neglect of duty for milk powder with poor quality.报道谴责领导人在劣质奶粉问题上玩忽职守。

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8
Q

blink

A

[bliŋk] vt. 眨眼;使…闪烁

vi. 眨眼;闪烁
n. 眨眼;瞬间;闪光

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9
Q

blur

A

[blə:] vt.使…模糊不清( make indistinct);使暗淡;

vi. 变模糊

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10
Q

boulder

A

[‘bəuldə] n. 卵石,大圆石

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11
Q

cancel

A

[‘kænsəl] vt. 取消;删去(remove,call for),把…作废(abolish)
vi. 取消;相互抵销
n. 取消,撤销
(搭) cancel out 抵偿;抵消
(例) A: When are you going to have your eyes checked?
B: I had to cancel my appointment. I could’t fit it in.
A:你什么时候去检查眼睛?
B:我得取消预约。我安排不过来。
(派) cancellation [‘kænsə’leiʃən] n. 取消;删除

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12
Q

cashier

A

[kæ’ʃiə] n. 出纳员;出纳员
vt. 解雇;抛弃
(例) The petrol station cashier was threatened by the armed robber at mid-night.加油站的收银员在午夜时受到了持械劫犯的威胁。

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13
Q

centigrade

A

[‘sentiɡreid] adj. 摄氏的;摄氏温度的;百分度的

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14
Q

chip

A

[tʃip] vt. 削(break off ),凿;削成碎片
n. 芯片;碎片(piece,bit)
(搭) silicon chip 硅片
(例)Early settlers used to chip our blocks of ice to melt for drinking water.早期移民常常凿下冰块,把它们融化成饮用水。

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15
Q

cipher

A

[‘saifə] n. 密码(code)

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16
Q

clear

A
[kliə] adj. 清楚的;清澈的;晴朗的;无罪的
vt. 通过;清除;使干净;跳过
vi. 放晴;变清澈
adv. 清晰地;完全地
n. 清除;空隙
(搭)clear away:打扫,收拾,消除//
Clear up:整理,收拾,清楚,解除,澄清,(天气)变晴
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17
Q

clump

A

[klʌmp] n. 土块
vi. 丛生,成群(cluster)
(例) He got a clump of soil from the edge of a cow paster.他从奶牛牧场的边缘取了一块土。

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18
Q

concede

A

[kən’si:d] vt. 承认(grant);退让;让步(yield)
vi. 让步
(例) The author conceded that individual chimpanzees may have a preference for certain companions.作者承认猩猩个体可能对特定同伴有偏好。
(参)accede [æk’si:d] vi. 加入;同意
recede [ri’si:d] vi. 后退;减弱
precede [pri:’si:d, pri-] vt. 领先,在…之前;优于,高于
vi. 领先,在前面

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19
Q

conservationist

A

[kɒnsə’veɪʃ(ə)nɪst] n. 自然资源保护论者

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20
Q

conservative

A

[kən’sə:vətiv] adj. 保守的;谨慎的,守旧的(traditional,conventional)
n. 保守派,守旧者
(记)来自conserve [kən’sə:v, ‘kɔnsə:v] vt. 保存;将…做成蜜饯;使守恒
n. 果酱;蜜饯
(搭) conservative views保守的观点;//
A dark conservative suit 一套黑色的传统西服;
Conservative society守旧的社会
(例) At a conservative estimate , the visit to Pairs for five days will cost about &2000.保守地估计,到巴黎旅游5天要花费大约2000英镑。
(派)conservatively [kən’sə:vətivli] adv. 谨慎地;保存地;适当地
(参)conversation [,kɔnvə’seiʃən] n. 交谈;会话;社交

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21
Q

context

A

[‘kɔntekst] n. 环境(environment);背境(setting);上下文;来龙去脉
(例) Beads are often valuable in their original cultural context as well as in today’s market.珠子项链无论是在最初的文化背景下还是在当今的市场上往往都很值钱。

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22
Q

crack

A
[kræk] vt. 使破裂;打开
vi. 破裂;爆裂
n. 裂缝;声变;噼啪声
adj. 最好的;高明的
(例)The otter uses a stones to crack mussel shells.海濑用石头敲碎贝壳。
(参)crush[krʌʃ] vt. 压碎;弄皱,变形;使…挤入
vi. 挤;被压碎
crash [kræʃ] n. 碰撞;坠落
craft[krɑ:ft, kræft] n. 工艺;手艺;太空船
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23
Q

culture

A

[‘kʌltʃə] n. 文化,文明;修养;栽培
vt. 培养(等于cultivate)
(搭) popular culture 通俗文化

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24
Q

deform

A
[di'fɔ:m] vt. 使变形(distort);使成畸形
vi. 变形;变畸形
adj. 畸形的;丑陋的
(例)The intense heat from the fire deformed the metal chair.火产生的高温时金属椅子变形了。
(派)deformation [,di:fɔ:'meiʃən] n. 变形
deformed [di'fɔ:md] adj. 畸形的;丑陋的;残废的
v. 使...残缺,使...变形(deform的过去式和过去分词形式)
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25
Q

degree

A

[di’ɡri:] n. 程度,等级(grade);度;学位;阶层
(搭) to some degree 从某种程度上来说
(例) Some studies done with mice indicate that mammals do inherit fearfulness to some degree.用老鼠做的一些研究表明,哺乳动物的确在一定程度上继承恐惧。

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26
Q

distribution

A

[,distri’bju:ʃən] n. 分布;分配,分发;配给物
(搭)the distribution of…的分配;//
Population distribution 人口分布;//
Distribution center分销中心

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27
Q

disturb

A

[dis’tə:b] vt. 打扰;妨碍;扰乱(upset,bother)

vi. 打扰;妨碍

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28
Q

drought

A

[draut] n. 干旱(期);缺乏
(例) The businessman stored large quantities of grain during period drought.这个商人在旱灾期间囤积了大量粮食。
(参)draught [drɑ:ft, dræft] n. 气流;起草;拖拉(等于draft)

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29
Q

economic

A

[,i:kə’nɔmik] adj. 经济的,经济上的;经济学的
(搭) economic condition经济情况
(例) In the econiomic sense, laisser faire meant that while the government should be responsible for things like maintaining peace and protecting property rights, it should not interfere with private business.从经济学上讲,自由主义指政府应该为诸如维护秩序和保护产权这些事务负责,而不应该干预私营企业。
(派)uneconomic [,ʌniːkə’nɒmɪk; ,ʌnek-] adj. 不经济的;浪费的
socioeconomic [‘səʊsɪəʊ,iːkə’nɒmɪk] adj. 社会经济学的

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30
Q

ecosystem

A

[‘i:kəu,sistəm, ‘ekəu-] n. 生态系统

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31
Q

engineering

A

[,endʒi’niəriŋ] n. 工程,工程学
v. 设计;管理(engineer的ing形式)
(记)engineer [,endʒi’niə] n. 工程师
(搭) electronics engineering 电子工程学

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32
Q

entail

A

[in’teil] vt. 必需,使承担;牵涉(involve)
(例) You should take a little while to think about what that would entail before making youe final decision.在做最后决定之前,你应该花点时间想想这会牵涉到什么。

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33
Q

essential

A

[i’senʃəl] adj. 基本的;本质的(substantial);重要的
n. 本质;要素;要点;必需品
(例) Calcium is essential for maintaining bones and teeth healthy.钙对保持骨骼和牙齿健康至关重要。
(派)essentially [i’senʃəli] adv. 本质上;本来

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34
Q

evaluate

A

[i’væljueit] vt. 评价;估价(assess,estimate)
(例) What I expect you to do with your revise to evaluate and improve the overall effectiveness of you paper.我期望你修改时能客观评价并加强论文的整体效果。
(派) evaluation [i,vælju’eiʃən] n. 评价;评估;估价;求值
evaluative [i’væljueitiv] adj. 可估价的

35
Q

evaporate

A
[i'væpəreit] vt. 使……蒸发;使……脱水;使……消失
vi. 蒸发,挥发;消失(disappear,varnish)
(例) Ices have evaporated from its outer layers to leave a crust of nearly black dust all over the surface.冰已经从外层融化,在表面留下一层几乎是黑色的灰尘。
(派) evaporation [i,væpə'reiʃən] n. 蒸发;消失
evaporated [i'væpəreitid] adj. 浓缩的;脱水的;蒸发干燥的
v. 蒸发;消失(evaporate的过去式);失去水分
evaporating [i'væpəreitiŋ] adj. 蒸发作用的
v. 蒸发(evaporate的ing形式)
36
Q

exert

A

[iɡ’zə:t] vt. 运用,发挥;施以影响
(例)The pressure exerted on the human body increases by an atmosphere for every 10 meters of depth in seawater.人体在海水中每下降10米,所受的压强就增强一个大气压。
(派)exertion[iɡ’zə:ʃən] n. 发挥;运用;努力

37
Q

explode

A

[ik’spləud] vi. 爆炸(burst),爆发
(例)How a star becomes unstable and explodes as a supernova is not known.人们不了解恒星是如何变得不稳定并爆炸成超新星的。
(派)explosion [ik’spləuʒən] n. 爆炸;爆发;激增
explosive [ik’spləusiv] adj. 爆炸的;爆炸性的;爆发性的
n. 炸药;爆炸物
explosively [ik’spləusivli] adv. 爆发地,引起爆炸地

38
Q

extravagant

A

[ik’strævəɡənt] adj. 奢侈的;浪费的;过度(excessive)的;放纵的

(派)extravagantly [ik’strævəgəntli] adv. 挥霍无度地

39
Q

facet

A

[‘fæsit] n. 面;(问题等的)方面

40
Q

falcon

A

[‘fælkən] n. 猎鹰;隼
(搭) peregrine falcon 游隼
(派)falconer[‘fælkənə] n. 放鹰者;饲养和训练猎鹰的人

41
Q

fiction

A

[‘fikʃən] n. 小说;虚构,编造
(例)Such claim makes it difficult for the general public to seperate fact from fiction.这种声称是一般公众很难分辨虚实。
(派)fictional [‘fikʃənl] adj. 虚构的;小说的

42
Q

fray

A

[frei] vt. 使磨损(rub,fret)
vi. 被磨损
(例) His woolen pants were sometimes fortified with bucksin to keep them from fraying.为免磨破,他的羊毛裤子有时缝上了鹿皮。

43
Q

fuse

A

vi. 融合melt, mix);熔化,合并(combine)
n. 保险丝,熔线;导火线
(派) fusion [‘fju:ʒən] n. 融合;熔化;熔接;融合物

44
Q

image

A

[‘imidʒ] n. 图像,影像,肖像,想像
(例) A: Which outfit should I wear to my job interview, the balck dress or the navy blue suit?
B: Well, Jane, you’ve got to consider the image you want to present, and I say the suit is more professional looking。
A: 我应该穿什么衣服去参加面试?黑色连衣裙还是藏青色套装?
B: 嗯,简,你得考虑自己想展示的形象。我觉得套装看上去更职业一些。

45
Q

incredible

A

[in’kredəbl] adj. 难以置信的(unbelievable),惊人的
(例) He must get an incredible phone bill every month.他每个月的电话费账单肯定很惊人。
(派) incredibly [in’kredəbli] adv. 难以置信地;非常地

46
Q

insert

A

[in’sə:t, ‘insə:t] vt. 插入;嵌入
n. 插入物
(例) Now use your hands to insert the keys in the locks.现在用手把钥匙插到锁里。

47
Q

instead

A

[in’sted] adv. 代替;顶替;反而
A: This casserole really tastes good.I guess that’s because the vegetables in it are fresh instead of canned.
B: I know. Kind of a rare treat in this cafeteria.
A: 这个砂锅味道真不错。我猜这是因为里面是新鲜蔬菜,而不是罐装蔬菜。
B:我知道。在这个餐厅里难得吃到。

48
Q

instrumental

A

[,instru’mentəl, ,instrə-] adj. 乐器的;有帮助的;起作用的

(记)instrument [‘instrumənt, ‘instrə-, -ment] n. 仪器;工具;乐器;手段;器械

49
Q

interrupt

A

[,intə’rʌpt] vt. 中断;打断;插嘴;妨碍
(例) When you interrupt me ,you made me lose mt train of thought.你打断我的时候,我失去了思绪。
(派) interruption [,intə’rʌpʃən] n. 中断;干扰;中断之事

50
Q

isolate

A

[‘aisəleit, -lit] vt. 使隔离;使孤立(sperate)
(派) isolated [‘aisəleitid] adj. 孤立的;分离的;单独的;绝缘的
v. 使孤立;使绝缘;脱离(isolate的过去分词)
(例) Studies show that non-readers tend to isolate themselves from the community.研究表明不会阅读的人倾向于把自己和社会隔离开。
(搭) isolate from 与 …隔离

51
Q

landscape

A

[‘lændskeip] n. 风景,风景画;地形(landform)

(例) In her versions the figures become more stylized and the landscape less naturalistic.在她的版本里,人物更加程式化,而风景不再那么写实。

52
Q

larynx

A

[‘læriŋks] n. 喉;喉头

53
Q

lobby

A

[‘lɔbi] n. 大厅(hall);休息室;会客室;游说议员的团体

vt. 对……进行游说
vi. 游说议员

54
Q

mechanical

A

[mi’kænikəl] adj. 机械的;力学的;呆板的(monotonous)

(派) mechanist [‘mek(ə)nɪst] n. 机械论者;机械技师

55
Q

mechanics

A

[mi’kæniks] n. 力学(用作单数);过程;方法;机械学(用作单数)
(例) We’ve been talking about mechanics and then we still have a few minutes.我们一直在讨论力学,之后我们还有几分钟时间。
(派) mechanician [mekə’nɪʃ(ə)n] n. 机械学者,机械技师
mechanic [mi’kænik] n. 技工,机修工
mechanism [mi’kænik] [‘mekənizəm] n. 机制;原理

56
Q

mercantile

A

[‘mə:kəntail, -til] adj. 商业的(commercial);商人的
n. 商品
(例) Beads can often be used to designate the degree of mercantile,technological,and cultural sophistication.珠子工艺经常被用来体现商业,技术和文化的高超水平。

57
Q

mercury

A

[‘mə:kjuri] n[M-]. 水银;水银柱;水星

58
Q

opal

A

[‘əupəl] n. 猫眼石

59
Q

originate

A

[ə’ridʒəneit] v. 起源;发起(initiate, launch(;起航
(例) Life originated in the early seas less than a billion years after the Earth was formed.地球形成之后不到十亿年,就在早期的海洋中找到了生命体。
(派)origination [ə,ridʒə’neiʃən] n. 起源;开始;起始
originator [ə’ridʒəneitə, -nə-] n. 发起人;起源;起因
origin [‘ɔridʒin, ‘ɔ:-] n. 起源;原点;出身;开端
original[ə’ridʒənəl] n. 原件;原作;原物;原型
adj. 原始的;最初的;独创的;新颖的

60
Q

patent

A

[‘pætnt] vt. 授予专利;取得…的专利权,申请专利
adj. 专利的
n. 专利权(previlege)
(例) He never tried to patent his discoveries or get wealth from them.他从未试图为自己的发明申请专利或从中牟利。

61
Q

peak

A

[pi:k] n. 顶峰(maximum,summit);最高点;顶点;
adj. 最高的;最大值的
(例) After the peak year of 1957, the birth rate in Canada began to decline.过了1957年这个高峰期后,加拿大的出生率就开始下降了。

62
Q

pertain

A

[pə:’tein, pə-] vi. 属于;关于;(to)依附于或从属于某事物
(例) Almanacs provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertains to the locale in which they would be used.年鉴的销量非常稳定,因为其信息与所使用的地区相关。

63
Q

plankton

A

[‘plæŋktən] n. 浮游生物(总称)

(例) Most planktons have transparent tissues as an protective camouflage.多数浮游生物有透明的组织作为保护性伪装。

64
Q

plate

A

[pleit] n. 碟;盘子;版图(territory)

65
Q

polar

A

[‘pəulə] adj. 极地的;(南,北)极;正好相反的
(搭) polar bear 北极熊;//polar expedition 极地探险
(派) polarity [pəu’lærəti] n. 极性;两极;对立
polarize [‘pəuləraiz] vt. (使)极化;(使)偏振;(使)两极分化

66
Q

pollutant

A

[pə’lu:tnt] n. 污染物
(记)pollute [pə’lut] vt. 污染
(例) These cars must put no pollutants whatsoever into the atmosphere.这些车不能往大气排放任何污染物。

67
Q

procedure

A

[prə’si:dʒə] n. 程序,手续;步骤(approach, course)

(搭) graduate school application procedure读研申请手续

68
Q

profession

A

[prəu’feʃən] n. 职业(occupation),专业(specialty);同行

69
Q

pupil

A

[‘pjupəl] n. 小学生(schoolchild);瞳孔

70
Q

reef

A

[ri:f] n. 暗礁,礁

71
Q

respective

A

[ri’spektiv] adj. 分别的,各自的
(例) Northerners and Southerners alike threw themselves into the task of supplying their respective armies.北方人和南方人一样投入到了供给各自军队的任务中去。
(派)respectively [ri’spektivli] adv. 分别地;各自地,独自地

72
Q

rush

A

[rʌʃ] n. 冲进;匆促;急流;灯心草
adj. 急需的,(交通)繁忙的
v. (使)冲;匆忙地做;飞跃
(搭) rush hour 高峰期;// rush out of sth.快速从…出来
(例) When gold was discovered in California in the mid-1800’s, hundreds of people rushed in , hoping to get a part of the wealth.19世纪中叶在加州发现黄金之后,成百上千的人蜂拥而至,希望得到一部分财富。
A: Are you OK? You are all out of breath.
B: I was running late this morning and had to rush to get here for the meeting.
A: 你没事吧?上气不接下气的。
B: 我今天上午吃到了,只能赶忙过来开会。
A: Why don’t we drive downtown now?
B: Wouldn’t it be better to wait until rush hour?
A: 我们为什么不现在开车去城市里呢?
B: 等车流高峰期过了再去不更好吗?
(派) rushed [rʌʃt] adj. 匆忙的;贸然的
v. 急忙(rush的过去式);匆促
(参) bush[bʊʃ] n. 灌木;矮树丛

73
Q

scratch

A

[skrætʃ] vt..刮 擦(scrape);n.划痕(mark, nick)

(例) Mind you don’t scratch the table with those scissors!小心别用剪刀刮坏桌面!

74
Q

shrivel

A

[ʃrɪv(ə)l] vt. 使枯萎;使皱缩
vi. 枯萎;皱缩
(派) shriveled [‘ʃrivəld] adj. 枯萎的
v. (使)枯萎;(使)皱缩;(使)无能为力(shrivel的过去式)

75
Q

sinuous

A

[‘sinjuəs] adj. 蜿蜒的(winding);弯曲的;迂回的

76
Q

stack

A

[stæk] n. 堆(pile,heap);堆叠 v. 堆积(pile),堆叠
(搭) stack up 堆起
(例) There’s room to stack up the cans of coffee.有地方堆放咖啡罐。

77
Q

stew

A

[stju:, stu:] vt. 炖,炖汤;焖;忧虑
(派)stewing [‘stju:iŋ] n. 炖;蒸煮
v. 蒸煮(stew的ing形式)

78
Q

substract

A

vt. 减去

(例) Most photographic filters work by substracting portion of visible light from the subject.多数摄影滤光器的作用是把部分可见光从摄影对象中滤掉。

79
Q

supply

A
[sə'plai] n. 供给,补给;供应品
vt. 供给,供应(provide),满足(需要),补给
(搭)  supply sth .to sb  . 为...提供...
(例) Take water with you . It is available at the relay stations but it helps to have an additional supply.带上水。虽然中继站提供水,但是多带些水对你有好处。
A: I'm driving downtown this afternoon. I have to stop by the art supply store to get some paints for my art class.
B: It moved to Smithville.
A: 我下午要去市中心。我会在美术用品商店听一下,为我的美术课每一些颜料。
B: 那商店搬到史密斯威尔去了。
80
Q

survive

A

[sə’vaiv] vt. 幸存;生还;幸免于
(例) The tailed toad may not survive without special efforts of conservationists.没有生态环境保护者付出的特殊努力,有尾蟾蜍可能无法生存。
(派) survival[sə’vaivəl] n. 幸存,残存;幸存者,残存物
survivor [sə’vaivə] n. 幸存者;生还者;残存物

81
Q

willful

A

[‘wilful] adj. 有意的;任性的(unruly);故意的

82
Q

wreck

A
[rek] n. 破坏(destroy);失事;残骸
vt. 破坏;使失事;拆毁
(例) The scandal wrecked the politician's chances of being elected.丑闻使这个政客失去了当选的可能。
(参) shipwreck ['ʃiprek] n. 海难;遇难船
vt. 使失事;使毁灭;使失败