Toddlers 12months to 36months

Question 1

Weight Increases

Answer 1

Gain 5-6 lbs per year

Question 2

Height Gain

Answer 2

3 inches per year

Mainly the elongation of the legs

Question 3

Head Circumference

Answer 3

Increases about 1 inch in 2nd year

.5 inches per year after that

Question 4

Run

Answer 4

18 months

Coordination improved by age 2-3

Question 5

Walk up and down stairs

Answer 5

By 24 months

Question 6

Jump

Answer 6

By age 2 1/2 jump with both feet

Question 7

Fine Motor 15 months

Answer 7

Round peg in a hole

Scribble with pencil or crayon

Question 8

Fine Motor 18 months

Answer 8

Throw a ball overhand

Build a tower with 3-4 blocks

Question 9

Fine Motor 24 months

Answer 9

Build a tower 6-7 blocks

Imitate a circle and vertical line when drawing

Question 10

Erikson: Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt

Answer 10

Increase in motor and mental abilities
“Me do”
Give them choices
If the world is safe they can try to become independent

Question 11

Piaget Sensorimotor 5th stage: Tertiary Circular Reaction

Answer 11

12- 18 months
Trial and error
Increased differentiation of self from objects
Figure out how something works

Question 12

Piaget Sensorimotor 6th stage: Invention of New Means through Mental Combinations

Answer 12

18-24months
Object permanence is complete
Can solve basic problems through memory
Greater symbolism

Question 13

Piaget Pr-operational Thought

Answer 13

2-7 years

More in preschool

Question 14

Gender Identity

Answer 14

By age 2 can recognize different genders

Sense of maleness or femaleness is formed around age 3

Question 15

Language

Answer 15

About 300 words by age 2
Age 2- using 2-3 word sentences and increases to simple sentences
30 months- child knows her name

Question 16

Toddler Play

Answer 16

Parallel play- play next to each other but not with each other
Imitative play like dress up, play house etc.

Question 17

Toilet Training

Answer 17

Voluntary Control achieved around 24 months
No right age after 22 months
Lag at nighttime control- a problem after age 6
Dry at nap time = ready to start

Question 18

Food jags

Answer 18

Wanting same food repeatedly

Question 19

Sleep

Answer 19

Nap once a day

Question 20

Dental

Answer 20

Cavities at age 18 months- 3 years
Limit sugar
Pea sized toothpaste
By 2 1/2 all 20 deciduous teeth

Question 21

Neglect

Answer 21

Failure to provide for the child’s basic needs

Question 22

Psychological Abuse

Answer 22

Can be belittling, threatening, isolating, or exploiting the child

Question 23

Shaken Baby Syndrome

Answer 23

Serious form of abuse

Results in head trauma due to a large head and weaker neck muscles which causes the brain to shift in the skull

Question 24

Shaken Baby Syndrome Signs

Answer 24

Intracranial bleeding, retinal hemorrhages, fractures to ribs
Confused, seizures, apnea, loss of conciousness, bradycardia, death

Question 25

Munchhausen by Proxy

Answer 25

Medical child abuse
Problem is not seen on PE just from the history
& Problem disappears when the abuser is no longer providing care

Question 26

Sexual Abuse

Answer 26

Most devastating and involved acts in which children do not understand, cannot give consent or violate social taboos