Respiratory Flashcards
Purpose of the Respiratory System
Provides O2 to the cells
Ventilation
Removal of O2
Respiratory Dysfunction Causes
Infection
Trauma- pneumothorax
Oncology- tumor
Upper Airway Anatomy
Tongue is a lot larger- sleep apnea- obstruction
Throat is smaller
Pharynx- a lot narrower
Cartilage in Upper Airway
Funnel shaped airway- 12 yrs old straightens out
Relevant for nurses who preform intubation
Development of Lower Airway
Increases A LOT up into adolescence
With a vent- weight is based on norms when thinking of volume
Bagging- small children = small bag, risk of pneumothorax if too much air!
Increase in diameter of lower airway
Increase in alevoli in 8-10 year olds
Musculoskeletal Development
Increase rigidity in the rib cage- uses energy to open the muscles
Babies are belly breathers!
Respiratory Assessment
Rate, Rhythm, Depth, Quality
Can assess most visually
Tachypnea
Increased rate
Bradypnea
Decreased rate
Dyspnea
Distress during breathing
Apnea
Cessation of breathing
Hypoventilation
Decreased depth (shallow) and irregular rate
Hyperventilation
Increased rate and depth
Kussmal Respiration
Hyperventilation, gasping and labored respiration
Diabetic coma
Respiratory Acidosis
Cheyne- Stokes Respiration
Gradually increasing rate and depth with periods of apnea
Seesaw Respiration
Chest falls on inspirations and rises on experiation
Upper airway occlusion
Croup, foreign body