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NUR 440 Exam 1 > Infant 1 month to 1 year > Flashcards

Infant 1 month to 1 year Flashcards

1
Q

Weight Gain

A

5 months weight is doubles

1 year weight is tripled

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2
Q

Height Gain

A

Increases 50% by the end of the 1st year

First in the trunk- then legs

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3
Q

Head Circumference

A

End of 1st year increased 33%

1cm per month

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4
Q

Fontanels

A

Posterior fontanel first to close at 6-8 weeks

Anterior fontanel closes about 12-18mo

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5
Q

Prehension Grasp

A

2-3 months as a reflex
Becomes more voluntary
5 months can grasp

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6
Q

Manipulative Skills

A

Increase at 6 months
Holding a bottle
Playing with his or her feet
Hand to Hand transfer at 7 months

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7
Q

Pincer Grasp

A

8-9 months
“Cheerio grasp”
Put up objects with thumb and forefinger

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8
Q

Developmental Age Calculation

A

Actual age - weeks premature

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9
Q

Head Control

A

Established at 4-6 months

Head lag noted before this time

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10
Q

Rolling Over

A

At about 5-6 months
5 months- abdomen to back
6 months- back to abdomen

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11
Q

Sitting Alone

A

7 months
Tripod fashion
8 months- unsupported

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12
Q

Crawling

A

At 9 months
Forward with belly on the floor
Then creeping- on hands and knees

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13
Q

Standing Position

A

9 to 10 months
May pull self up but fall back down
11 months may walk with a toy, furniture, holding hands

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14
Q

Erikson Development

A 
Trust Vs. Mistrust 
Birth to 1 month 
Meet needs timely- baby will feel safe
Mistrust and fear if not met
Encourage parents to be at the bedside
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15
Q

Piaget: Sensorimotor Phase

A

Birth to 24 months
Practical intelligence
Relate to the world through senses

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16
Q

Sensorimotor Phase: 1st Neonatal Reflex

A

Birth to 1 month

Sucking behaviors

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17
Q

Sensorimotor Phase: 2nd Primary Circular Reaction

A

1- 4months
Look at objects
Separates self from objects
Long process

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18
Q

Sensorimotor Phase: 3rd Secondary Circular Reaction

A

4-8 months
Memory starts
Will initiate, recognize, and repeat pleasurable activities

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19
Q

Object Permanence

A

6 or 8 months

Search for the parent or toy out of sight

20
Q

Stranger Anxiety

A

8 months

21
Q

Sesnorimotor Phase: 4th Coordination of Secondary Schema

A 
8-12 months
Increasing motor ability
Encourage motor development
Object permanence continues
Likes a noise- will continue to create it (goal directed)
22
Q

Language 3-4 months

A

Baby can coo, gurgle and laugh

23
Q

Language 6 months

A

Mamma, dadda

No meaning to the word

24
Q

Language 9-10 months

A

Understand words like “no”

Can respond to simple commands

25
Q

Language 1 year

A

Vocab is about 100 words

3 or 5 words with meaning

26
Q

Solitary Play

A

In 1st year
Play alone
Interactions with the environment
Involves the senseorimotor skills

27
Q

Separation Anxiety

A

Influenced by gender, age, size of stranger, approach of stranger, proximity to parents
HUGE!

28
Q

Limit Setting and Discipline

A

Set limits
Negative Voice
Stern Eye Contact
Time out- one minute per year old

29
Q

Thumb Sucking

A

18-20 months
Problem if persists after age 4
Ruins arch

30
Q

Pacifier

A

Recommend for first 6 months

Ween off over t he next 6

31
Q

Teething Symptoms

A

Drooling, biting on hard objects, irritable, mild temperature, ear rubbing, decrease appetite for solids

32
Q

Pain Management For Teething

A

Cold, frozen teething ring

Baby Orajel- can be toxic, try to avoid!

33
Q

of Teeth Calculation

A

Age - 6 = number of appropriate teeth

34
Q

1st 6 months Nutrition

A

Breast milk is preferred
No increase of fluids before 4 months
Only Vit D supplements
Introduction to solids at 4 to 6 months- Rice cereal first
Allow 5-7 days in between introducing different foods
Iron supplements if no rice cereal

35
Q

2nd 6 months Nutrition

A

Breast milk or formula

36
Q

1st year Nutrition

A

No cows milk until 1
No honey
No fat restriction- fat = more myelon sheaths
Vegetables before fruit

37
Q

Concerns for Vegetarians

A

Lack of adequate protein
Inadequate calories for energy
Poor digestibility of bulky unprocessed foods
Deficiencies of Vitamin B12, Niacin, Riboflavin, Vit D, iron and calcium

38
Q

Dental Care

A

Damp cloth to small soft toothbrush and water only
Fluoride supplements at 6 months
Non fluoride toothpaste

39
Q

Aspiration Prevention

A

Foreign objects that can be food or non food
Hot dogs, grapes, pacifiers, etc.
Obstruct the airway
Keep floors clean!

40
Q

Suffocation

A

Refrigerator entrapment
Deflated balloons
Bed or crib
Can lift head at 2months- still not safe to prevent suffocation

41
Q

Car Safety

A

20lbs or one year may sit facing forward

42
Q

Fall Prevention

A

No unattended raised surfaced
Discourage infant walkers
Use gates for stairways

43
Q

Burns

A

Set water heater less than 120

Do not heat formula in microwave

44
Q

Drowning

A

Can occur in 1-2 inches

45
Q

Bodily Harm

A

No forks until 18 months

No high noise levels

46
Q

Diaper Dermatitis

A

Prolonged and repetitive contact with an irritant like urine, feces, soaps, detergents, or ointments
Prevention is key- change in a timely manor, allow skin to dry through air exposure, avoid frequent washings and commercial wipes
Treatment- occlusive ointments, nystatin if Candida is present, butt paste is very effective
Leave butt paste intact, only removing soiled area- should be cleared in 24-48 hours

NUR 440 Exam 1 (7 decks)

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