Todd- Psychotherapies Flashcards
the use of different psychological concepts and methods to help a person modify behavior, thought patterns, or overcome problems and improve their level of functioning
psychotherapy
conscious versus unconscious mind; represented in the iceberg model which ____ developed as an analogy to describe this
Freud
consists of all the mental processes of which we are aware including thoughts, perceptions. For example you might be feeling thirsty at any one minute and decide to get a drink
conscious mind
which contains thoughts and feelings that a person is not currently aware of but which can easily be brought to the conscious level
subconscious level
comprises mental process that are not accessible to consciousness but that still influence us
unconscious mind
Freud used concept of conscious and unconscious mind to develop his theory of _____
3 parts of personality
represents our primitive and instinctual mind; entirely unconscious (kids)
ID
part of the conscious and unconscious mind that is basically our voice of conscience. It incorporates the values and morals of society that are learned from our family and from others
Super-ego
the “part of the ID which has been modified by the direct influence of the external world”. It exists to mediate between the the ID’ urges and the real world. Its the part of you that you’re aware of when you think about yourself. and is the decision making part of your personality structure
Ego
making interpretations of what a patient is saying and experiencing in session, and examining transference reactions and defense mechanisms
psychoanalysis
Occurs when someone unconsciously redirects feelings associated with an important figure from their life, onto us as the therapist or provider (patient therapist). We evoke an emotional response in the patient
Transference
Occurs when we unconsciously redirect feelings associated with someone from our life, onto the patient ( Therapist Patient). The patient evokes an emotional response in the therapist
Counter-transference
uses defense mechanisms to keep unpleasant and unacceptable emotions and thoughts out of the conscious mind
the ego
pushing unacceptable emotions into the unconscious
repression
expressing unacceptable feelings through actions
acting out
behaving as if an aspect of reality does not exist
denial
transferring feelings to less threatening object/person
displacement
focusing on nonemotional aspects to avoid distressing feelings
intellectualization
avoiding conflict by expressing hostility covertly
passive aggression
attributing one’s own feelings to others
projection
justifying behavior to avoid difficult truths
rationalization
transforming unacceptable feelings/impulses into the opposite
reaction formation
reverting to earlier developmental stage
regression
experiencing a person/situation as either all positive or all negative
splitting
channeling impulses into socially acceptable behaviors
sublimation
putting unwanted feelings aside to cope with reality
suppression
perhaps someone could deal with their uncomfortable feelings about their drug addiction and recovery by volunteering to help others in recovery
altruism
a derivative of psychoanalysis, where we use “talk therapy” to focus on a patient’s relationship with the external world
psychodynamic therapy
for example you had a single instance of a neutral stimulus (a dog, for example) and a frightening stimulus (being bitten by dog) this can lead to a ______response by which you develop a phobia to all dogs, whether they are threatening or not
conditioned
you had a single instance of a neutral stimulus (a dog, for example) and a frightening stimulus (being bitten by dog) this can lead to a conditioned response by which you develop a phobia to all dogs, whether they are threatening or not.
This association isn’t permanent though. Without periodic re-instruction of the unconditioned stimulus, the association between the neutral stimulus and the conditioned response is lost. This is called ______
extinction
method of learning that uses rewards and punishments for behavior
operant conditioning
add something to increase behavior
positive reinforcement
take away something to increase behavior
negative reinforcement
add something to decrease likelihood of behavior
positive punishment
take away something to decrease likelihood of behavior
negative punishment
therapy involves exposing a patient to the anxiety source deliberately so as to help them overcome their anxiety or distress through habituation
exposure
____therapy exposes the patient to their phobia, at peak intensity all at once
flooding
Over time, people find that their reactions to feared objects or situations decrease
habituation
Exposure can help weaken previously learned associations between feared objects, activities or situations and bad outcomes. There is a fading of non-reinforced conditioned response over time
extinction
People with anxiety or fear responses often assume that the longer they are exposed to the fearful stimulus or anxiety-provoking situation, the worse their anxiety will get. This isn’t true of course – there is a maximum or “10/10” that can be reached. Prior to getting to that point, many will seek a release or escape from the fearful stimulus – this is _____ (it is counterproductive)
avoidance
core concept behind ______ is that if we want to change the way we feel then we need to make changes to the way we think and act
cognitive behavioral therapy
what utilizes this theme
cognitive therapy
_____thoughtsare often influenced by our view of ourselves, others, and the world
automatic
CBT is based on idea of ______ These are exaggerated or irrational thought patterns not based on fact but based on habit – they are often inaccurate and negatively biased and are thought to be involved in the onset or perpetuation of psychopathology like depression and anxiety
cognitive distortions
therapy that focuses on listening
supportive
