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NSB Biweekly 4 > Putinta- Schizophrenia and Psychotic Disorders > Flashcards

Putinta- Schizophrenia and Psychotic Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

“Break with Reality”
Symptom, not an illness
Caused by a variety of conditions that affect the functioning of the brain

A

psychosis

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2
Q

Includes hallucinations, delusions and thought disorder

A

psychosis

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3
Q

seen in schizophrenia, MDD, bipolar disorder (mania), other medical conditions

A

psychosis

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4
Q

“fixed false beliefs”
“Fixed” means that the beliefs are consistent (has the same set of false beliefs consistently) as well as resistant to challenge (continues to believe them despite reality testing)

A

delusions

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5
Q

Auditory, Visual, Olfactory, Tactile, and Gustatory

A

hallucinations

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6
Q

main hallucination in this disorder is auditory (hear voices)

A

schizophrenia

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7
Q

______ hallucinations seen w/ alc withdrawal, delirium, medical cause)

A

visual hallucination

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8
Q

hallucination w/ full figure that walks around and talks to them: almost never _____

A

schizophrenia

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9
Q

common hallucination in methamphetamine use

A

tactile (think delusional parasitosis)

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10
Q

olfactory and gustatory hallucinations seen w/ _____

A

seizures

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11
Q

must figure out why a patient is ______

A

psychotic

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12
Q

rapid onset of psychosis tells you what

A

medical etiology or substance induced

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13
Q

family hx of psychosis is important in terms of what 2 disorders

A

schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

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14
Q

loners, don’t talk to people, disorganized; no hallucinations

A

schizoid personality disorder

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15
Q

quirky, no hallucinations; schizoid-like

A

schizotypal personality disorder

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16
Q

delusional, no hallucinations

A

paranoid personality disorder

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17
Q

can look psychotic at times
extreme mood swings, impulsive actions, and unstable relationships, unstable self-esteem, image

A

borderline personality disorder

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18
Q

inflated sense of self-importance, power, and entitlement

A

grandiosity disorder

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19
Q

an adult diagnosis characterized by a persistent pattern of disregard for and violation of others’ rights, beginning in childhood or early adolescence (violent behavior)

A

Antisocial personality disorder

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20
Q

pervasive and inflexible
leads to distress and impairment
stable over time
onset is adolescence or early adulthood
deviates from expectation of individual’s character

A

personality disorder

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21
Q

acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual disturbances, and eccentric behaviors (diff. from most people)

A

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

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22
Q
A
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23
Q

Onset usually in Teens and 20’s
Runs strongly in families
psychotic sx’s

A

schizophrenia

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24
Q

Thought disorganization, auditory hallucinations, paranoia, complicated and fixed delusions

A

schizophrenia + sx’s

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25
lack of motivation, stop speaking as much
schizophrenia - sx's
26
people in their teens will usually start withdrawing socially/laughing to themselves in room before having auditory hallucinations before they go full psychotic
prodrome of schizophrenia
27
_______depression in particular significantly increases risk of depression with psychotic features
postpartum depression
28
generally mood congruent auditory hallucinations may tell them to harm themselves auditory hallucinations may make them feel guiltier about something they are already feeling guilty for (excessive guilt)
major depression w/ psychosis
29
Psychosis may occur in either depressive phase or manic phase, but never in periods of normal mood
bipolar disorder
30
rare after age of 50 for onset of illness
bipolar disorder
31
Sx’s of either major depression or bipolar disorder (meets criteria) And Evidence of psychotic episodes without mood component (even during normal mood)
Schizoaffective disorder
32
tertiary neurosyphilis can make people look psychotic pt who is older and seems psychotic do this workup
RPR, VDRL
33
main tests to order for new-onset psychosis
RPR, VDRL urine drug screen CT/MRI UA metabolic panel
34
3 main things to do to workup new-onset psychosis
good hx PE, ROS tests/labs
35
distortions of thinking. perception, and affects that are inappropriate or blunted. Clear consciousness and intellectual capacity are usually maintained although certain cognitive deficits may evolve in the course of time
Schizophrenia
36
patient hears their own thoughts as if spoken aloud
thought echo (schizophrenia)
37
ideas being implanted or stolen from their heads
thought insertion or withdrawal (schizophrenia)
38
others can read their minds
thought broadcasting (schizophrenia)
39
delusional perception and delusions of control hallucinatory voices commenting or discussing the patient in the third person hallucinatory voices arguing between each other thought disorders and negative symptoms
schizophrenia
40
Hallucinations and lack of insight very important in ___
schizophrenia
41
what schizophrenia takes away from person
- sx's
42
what schizophrenia adds to person
+ sx's
43
- sx's of schizophrenia
44
+ sx's of schizophrenia
45
characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, behavior, and other symptoms that cause social or occupational dysfunction
schizophrenia
46
For a diagnosis, symptoms must have been present for six months and include at least one month of active symptoms
schizophrenia
47
schizophrenia
48
B. Social/occupational dysfunction
schizophrenia
49
C. Duration: Continuous signs of the disturbance persist for at least 6 months. This 6-month period must include at least 1 month of symptoms
schizophrenia
50
etiology unknown multifactorial
schizophrenia
51
most likely substance to produce psychosis (not hallucinogens)
cannabis
52
People with _______smoke a lot more than the normal person (think uncle murray and cigars)
schizophrenia
53
Early neurodegenerative disorder in a sense
schizophrenia
54
chromosome 22q11 deletion sx’s of DiGeorge have psychosis and depression as well (associated with _____)
schizophrenia
55
Probably a significant imbalance of neurotransmitters at play here dopamine alone is not responsible for presence of psychotic symptoms
schizophrenia
56
See legitimate neurodegeneration when you look at CTs or MRIs (degeneration of white matter in their brains)
schizophrenia
57
Women generally have more negative sx’s rather than hallucinations generally have better prognosis than ____
men
58
potential connection b/t estrogen and ____
psychosis
59
altered expression of COMT ______ in schizophrenia
22q11
60
Neuregulin 1 gene involved in
schizophrenia
61
decreased cortical gray matter and white matter and ventricular enlargement seen w/
schizophrenia
62
schizophrenia has reduction in volume of the primary _____ structures in the brain
limbic (hippocampus, cingulate cortex, anterior thalamus)
63
Significant reduction in dendritic spines (long term and short term memory affected) A lot less neurotransmission (explains thought disorder) seen in ______
schizophrenia
64
most influential and plausible are the hypotheses, based on the supposed disorder of neurotransmission in the brain; and also dopaminergic hyperactivity
schizophrenia
65
____ is the enzyme that degrades dopamine; when that is affected, increase in dopamine seen in schizophrenia
COMT
66
NMDA receptors are located on brain circuits that regulate dopamine release, suggesting that dopaminergic deficits in schizophrenia may also be secondary to underlying _______ dysfunction
glutamatergic
67
neurotransmitters involved in schizophrenia
dopamine, serotonin, Ach, glutamate
68
pathway for + sx's of schizophrenia
MESOLIMBIC Limbic cortex anterior (cingulate cortex plus hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex)
69
pathway involved with - sx's of schizophrenia
MESOCORTICAL dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
70
gold standard meds to treat schizophrenia
Haloperidol Chlorpromazine thioridazine
71
(same criteria for schizophrenia) Duration: atleast 1 day to less than a month Resolution of sx’s
brief psychotic disorder
72
Quick onset psychotic sx's indicates quick resolution
brief psychotic disorder
73
same criteria as schizophrenia lasts at least 1 month, but less than 6 months
Schizophreniform disorder
74
Bridges the gap between brief psychotic disorder and schizophrenia
Schizophreniform Disorder
75
Schizoaffective Disorder
76
a psychiatric disorder in which the predominant (and typically, only) symptoms are delusions Formerly called paranoia or paranoid disorder
Delusional disorder
77
Typically 1 specific delusion (and everything is associated with it) duration: 1 month or longer
Delusional disorder
78
paranoid for the sake of being paranoid
paranoid disorder
79
ex of this is delusional parasitosis
delusional disorder
80
hallucinations, disorganized appearance and behavior duration: > 6 months
schizophrenia
81
delusions that another person, usually of higher status, is in love with the individual; this one is dangerous
Erotomanic type delusional disorder
82
delusions of inflated worth, power, knowledge, identity, or special relationship to a deity or famous person
grandiose type delusional disorder
83
delusions that individual’s sexual partner is unfaithful (on boards)
jealous type delusional disorder
84
delusions that the person (or someone to whom the person is close) is being malevolently treated in some way
persecutory type delusional disorder
85
guy who shot ronald reagan had _____ type delusional disorder
erotomanic type
86
delusions that the person has some physical defect or general medical condition
somatic type delusional disorder
87
delusion that familiar people have been replaced by identical impostors
Capgras's syndrome
88
delusion that a persecutor is taking on a variety of faces, like an actor
Fregoli's phenomenon
89
delusion of being a werewolf
lycanthropy
90
delusion that one has lost bodily organs
Cotard's syndrome
91
Patients' moods are consistent with the content of their delusions
delusional disorder
92
Disorder of thought content in the form of delusions is the key symptom of the disorder (thought process fairly linear)
delusional disorder
93
these patients have no insight into the fact that they are delusional (will argue with you)
delusional disorder
94
common: patients on _______ having delusional parasitosis
methamphetamine
95
distinguished from schizophrenia by the absence of other schizophrenic symptoms and by the nonbizarre quality of the delusions
delusional disorder
96
to treat delusional disorder
antipsychotics
97
_______ treatment may be a satisfactory social adjustment rather than an abatement of the patient's delusions
successful treatment
98
Can put patient in a posture and they will stay there for hours at a time
catalepsy
99
(cat frozen in posture in the middle of jump)
catalepsy
100
rigid posturing associated with fainting episode with narcolepsy
cataplexy
101
Very flexible Mute Oppose instructions Sit/stay in weird postures Odd movements Echolalia (mimic another's speech) echopraxia (mimic another's movement)
catatonia
102
2 ways to treat catatonia
benzodiazepines electroconvulsice therapy (ECT)----> extremely helpful

NSB Biweekly 4 (11 decks)

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