Tobacco control

Question 1

What psychological factors affect smoking?

Answer 1

beliefs
coping responses
stress

Question 2

What microsocial factors affect smoking?

Answer 2

increased risk of smoking if brought up in a smoking household
school + area -> peer pressure
culture
identity

Question 3

What macrosocial factors affect smoking?

Answer 3

advertising
wider society

Question 4

> 75% of people in which groups smoke?

Answer 4

homeless
severe mental illness
substance misuse
criminal justice system

Question 5

What public health interventions have been implemented to reduce smoking rates?

Answer 5

advertising banned on TV and radio
smoke-free spaces
plain packaging (and packing now includes pictures of smoking adverse effects)
harm reduction (e-cigarettes)
tax (increased on tobacco products)

Question 6

Smoking cessation guidelines for patients using the NHS recommendations

Answer 6

all patients should have their smoking status recorded

all patients should be offered timely treatment for tobacco dependence at every opportunity

all patients should have access to a full range of pharmacotherapy and behavioural support

healthcare workers should be trained to give very brief advice

NHS organisations should provide the resources and smoke-free estates to support these objectives