to review before osce COPY

Question 1

What class Pivmecillinam is?

Answer 1

Extended-spectrum penicillin antibiotic

Question 2

What class Amphotericin is?

Answer 2

anti-fungal

Question 3

Mechanism of action of MAO inhibitors

Answer 3

–Increased NA and 5HT presynaptic concentrations

–‘Sympathetic surge’

Question 4

Significant interactions of MAO inhibitors and what other drugs (3)

Answer 4

–Tyramine containing foods

–Other drugs:

• SSRIs
• Sympathomimetics
• Sumitriptan

Question 5

Phenelzine - class

Answer 5

monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)

Question 6

Antibiotic with Pseudomonas cover (IV)

Answer 6

Piperacillin/tazobactam (Tazocin)

Question 7

Rabeprazole - class

Answer 7

PPI

Question 8

Co-Trimoxazole

• components (2)
• class

Answer 8

• trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole
• class: sulfonamides

Question 9

Linezolid

• class
• use
• MoA

Answer 9

Class: oxazolidinone

• Use: treatment of infections caused by multi-resistant bacteria including streptococcus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
• MoA: inhibiting the initiation of bacterial protein synthesis

Question 10

Fidaxomicin

• class

Answer 10

macrocyclic antibiotic

*narrow spectrum

Question 11

Patient on Warfarin is started on antibiotics - what do we need to do?

Answer 11

Monitor INR more closely

Question 12

What type of organisms would gentamycin cover?

Answer 12

gram negative

Question 13

What organisms would Clarithromycin cover?

Answer 13

• a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
• Mycoplasma
• Chlamydia
• mycobacteria

Question 14

When prescribing antibiotic, what (2) components of prescription chart do we need to think of?

Answer 14

• indication
• stop date

Question 15

Simvastatin and antibiotics, what do we do?

Answer 15

Simvastatin may be stoped for a time being

Question 16

Antibiotics with similar bioavailability via the oral & IV route include (7)

Answer 16

• Levofloxacin 99-100%
• Metronidazole 99-100%
• Ciprofloxacin 70-80%
• Linezolid 99-100%
• Rifampicin 99-100%
• Co-trimoxazole 99-100%
• Clarithomycin

Question 17

When to review antibiotics?

Answer 17

• first Start SMART
• then focus at 48-72 hours

Question 18

What are indications for switching a patient from IV -> oral antibiotics? (6)

Answer 18

• Haemodynamically stable
• Apyrexial
• Clinically improving
• Able to take oral medications
• Functional GI tract with no malabsorption problems
• Not suffering from high-risk infections

Question 19

Antibiotics that may be used for UTI

Answer 19

• Tazocin
• Cefalexin
• Amoxicillin
• Ciprofloxacin
• Trimethoprin – dose adjustments required for longer courses if CrCl <30ml/min

Question 20

What group of antibiotics should be avoided in epileptic pt?

Answer 20

Quinolones

Question 21

(2) side effects of ciprofloxacin

Answer 21

• QT prolongation
• tendonitis