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BIOS1163 > TMJ and Face Muscles > Flashcards

TMJ and Face Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

TMJ movements?

A
  • depression (of mandible)
  • elevation (of mandible)
  • protraction (protusion)
  • retraction (restrusion)
  • lateral
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2
Q

depression of mandible

A

opening jaw

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3
Q

elevation of mandible

A

closing jaw

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4
Q

Protraction (protrusion)

A

pushing mandible forwards

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5
Q

Retraction (retrusion)

A

pulling mandible backwards)

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6
Q

Lateral

A

side to side movements

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7
Q

muscles involved in smiling?

A
  • zygomaticus major and minor (4)
  • Orbicularis oculi (2)
  • Levator labii superioris (2)
  • Levator anguli oris (2)
  • Risoris (2)
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8
Q

zygomaticus major/minor

A

the smiling muscle.

- raises the mouth upward and outward – smiling, laughing

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9
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

the squinting muscle.

-closes the eyelids, compresses the eye opening, encircles the eye – close, wink, tired.

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10
Q

Levator anguli oris

A

elevates the angles of the mouth at each corner

rasises the corners of the mouth

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11
Q

Risorius

A

the lower lip stretching muscle

- draws the lower lip down and outward – neck muscle – crying, terrified.

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12
Q

Masseter

A

the clenching muscle.

  • used to clench teeth and with lower jaw – fear, yawn
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13
Q

Levator labii superioris

A

– the sneering muscle.

- raises the upper lip beneath the nostrils – disgust, disdain.

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14
Q

Triangularis

A

– the facial shrug muscle.

-pulls the corner of the mouth downward – sadness, crying, miserable

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15
Q

Depressor labii inferioris

A

– the lower lip curl muscle.

-pulls the lower lip down and out – around the lips – surprise

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16
Q

Mentalis

A

– the pouting muscle.

  • raises and tightens the chin - sadness, fear
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17
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

– the lip tightener muscle.

- compress and purses the lips – circles the mouth – disdain, repulsion

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18
Q

Corrugator

A

– the frown muscle.

- compresses the skin between the eyebrows – frown, concern, concentration

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19
Q

Frontalis

A

– the brow lifting muscle.

- draws the scalp down, wrinkles, two sides – fear, smile.

20
Q

Risorius/platysma

A

– the lower lip stretching muscle.

- draw the lower lip down and outward – neck muscle – crying, terrified.

21
Q

facial nerves innervation

A

Muscles of Mastication
V (mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve) – motor and
sensory roles
• Muscles of facial expression
VII (facial nerve)
• Facial/skull sensory supply by cervical nerves

22
Q

what are the muscles of mastication?

A
  • temporalis
  • masseter
  • medial and lateral pterygoid
23
Q

temporalis

A

actions on mandible:

  • elevate and retract–>posterior, middle, anterior
    attachments: temporal fossa to the coronoid process of the mandible
24
Q

masseter

A

actions on mandible:

  • elevate (superior superficial+deep)
  • retract (deep)

attachments:

superficial: maxillary process of zygomatic bone to ramus of mandible
deep: zygomatic arch of temporal bone to ramus of mandible

25
Q

lateral pterygoid

A

actions on mandible: protrusion/depression

attachments:
disk at the superior head: greater wing of sphenoid to neck of mandible
-inferior head: lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid to neck of mandible

26
Q

medial pterygoid

A
  • more vertical than the horizontal (lateral pterygoid)
  • actions on mandible: elevate/protrude (jaw closing muscle)

attachments

  • superficial head: maxilla to internal surface of angle of mandible
  • deep head: lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid to internal mandible angle
27
Q

what is the innervation for muscles of mastication?

A

innervated by the mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve CN V (jaw muscles)

28
Q

what is the innervation for muscles of facial expression?

A

VII (facial nerve)

29
Q

what does the TMJ allow movement for?

A

allows movement of the mandible (lower jaw) relative to the movement of the maxilla (upper jaw)

30
Q

what are the articular surfaces of the TMJ

A

temporal bone: articular tubercle and mandibular fossa

mandible: condylar process (head)

31
Q

TMJ position of rest?

A

3-4mm teeth separation

32
Q

TMJ range of motion

A

40-50mm (3 fingers)

33
Q

what happens when the jaw opens/closes?

A

no muscle contractions –>muscles relaxed

jaw closed –>muscles contracted

34
Q

TMJ joint

A

synovial biaxial condylar joint

  • loose but strong joint capsule
  • attaches to margins of mandibular fossa on the temporal bone and the neck of the condylar process (of mandible)
35
Q

TMJ joint is divided by?

A

an articular disc with 2 synovial membranes lining each cavity

36
Q

TMJ articular disc

A
  • wedge of fibrocartilage (not squishy but cushions joint)
  • divides TMJ into superior and inferior compartments
  • increases range of motion, congruency, absorbs shock
  • concavoconvex shape to create better fit
37
Q

what are the attachments of the TMJ articular disc?

A 
lateral pterygoid (anteriorly)
head of mandible (anteriorly)
joint capsule (circumferentially)
38
Q

TMJ ligaments

A

lateral TMJ ligament –>stretches TMJ joint capsule laterally –>prvents inferoposterior condylar displacement
stylomabindobular/sphenomandibular ligament –> accessory ligaments –> prevents excessive mandibular opening

39
Q

what are the movements withing the TMJ

A

first stage: rotation

second stage: translation movement

40
Q

first stage movement TMJ

A

hinge like rotation of mandibular condyle pm disc inferior compartment
-the articular disc and mandible move together

41
Q

second stage movement of TMJ

A

anterior gliding of mandibular condyle and disc onto articular tubercle within fossa
-lateral pterygoid inserts into mandibular head and articular disc –>both pulled onto the articular tubercle

42
Q

resting position of TMJ

A
  • open packed jaw position, connective tissue loose
  • medial/lateral pterygoid musles relaxed
  • teeth not in contact, mouth slightly open
43
Q

rotation of TMJ –> first half of mouth opening

A

condylar process rolls anteriorly
eccentric contraction of temporalis
-inferior lateral ptergyoid tenses, superior relaxed

44
Q

TMJ Translation –>second half of mouth opening

A

dislocation can occur
-disc and condylar process glide anteriorly
superior/inferior lateral pterygoid contract
connective tissue is taught posteriorly

45
Q

TMJ closure

A

disc and condylar process glide posteriorly

connective tissue returns to rest

46
Q

stability at the TMJ

A
  • mandible position most stable –>maximum congruency
  • disc shape and attachments –> strongle attached, allows rotation/sliding movements
  • lateral ligament prevents dislocation
  • temporalis and lateral pterygoid muscles provide dynamic stability

BIOS1163 (13 decks)

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