joints Flashcards
what do joins do?
joins bone to bone
name comes from the bone
what are the different types of joints?
fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial
what are fibrous joints?
joined by dense connective tissue
tend to be immobile
cartilaginous joints?
joined by fibrocartilage
some mobility
synovial joints?
freely moving eg, shoulder/hip
lined by hyaline cartilage
describe the structure of a synovial joint
-articular capsule –> strong and flexible, prevents dislocation (reinforced by ligameds/periosteum)
-connected to ligaments
-synovial membrane
-synovia fluid
-joint cavity
articular cartilage
-can also can articular disc/meniscus
periosteum
dense connective tissue that covers the bone
articular capsule
strong and flexible, prevents dislocation (reinforced by ligamentss/periosteum)
synovial membrane
lines capsule –> thin/shiny
secretes synovial fluid
synovial fluid
similar to plasma
low viscosity –>decreases friction
articular cartilage
- hyaline–> glassy/smooth –>decrease friction
- contains collagen and elastin
- resists pressure
articular disc/mensicus
cartilage that basically gives a better fit for the joints between the bones
–>allows different movements between bones and disc
how are movements limited at the synovial joint?
articular fit/ congruency
ligament tension/joint posiiton
muscle tension
opposition of soft tissue
how are ligaments limited at the synovial joint?
sensory organs –>proprioception
mechanical constraints
act at the end of range –>precent unwanted movement
–> limit wanted movement
what are the different types of muscle tissue?
skeletal, smooth , cardiac
attachements:
-contacts bone
origin (attachment site that doesn’t move during muscle contraction) –> mainly proximal
insertion (site that moves during contraction): mainly distal
