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Occlusion > TMJ Anatomy > Flashcards

TMJ Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

The joint where the mandible articulates with the base of the cranium; Condyle of the mandible fits into –Squamous part of the temporal bone (MANDIBULAR FOSSA/GLENOID FOSSA/ARTICULAR FOSSA); Articular disc separates the two

A

TMJ

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2
Q

A ____ joint is one with 3 or more bones

A

Compound joints

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3
Q

What are the 3 “bones” that make the TMJ a compound joint?

A

Condyle, temporal, and articular disc

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4
Q

A ___ joint allows more than one type of movement

A

Complex joint

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5
Q

The TMJ is a ____ joint

A

Ginglymoarthrodial joint

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6
Q

_____ joint implies hinging movement permitted

A

Ginglymoid joint

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7
Q

___ joint implies gliding movement

A

Arthrodial joint

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8
Q

____ joint implies both hinging and gliding movements

A

Ginglymoarthrodial

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9
Q

____ joint Contains synovial fluid (Ex. contained in capsular ligament in TMJ); A sac surrounds the joint and keeps everything in place

A

Synovial Joint–

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10
Q

Do the posterior or anterior teeth separate faster in translation?

A

Posterior teeth

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11
Q

What phenomenon was observed in 1901 that shows the opening of the posterior teeth in mandibular protrusion?

A

Christensen’s phenomenon

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12
Q

___ is the creation of space between posterior teeth bilaterally during protrusion or on the balancing side during lateral excursions; protrusive and laterotrusive interocclusal records register the gap produced

A

Christensen’s phenomenon

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13
Q

What is the gap that happens during Christensen’s phenomenon caused by?

A

Temporal eminence

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14
Q

When the mandible moves to edge to edge position, separation occurs ____ between the natural dentition.

A

distally

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15
Q

The downward movement of the condyle down the articular eminence will result in the posterior teeth _____. This occurrence is explained by _______

A

Separating; Christensen’s phenomenon

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16
Q

___ of the TMJ is made of dense fibrous CT with no blood vessels or nerve fibers; divided into 3 section

A

Articular disc

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17
Q

Which section of the articular disc is the thinnest?; avascular, where condyle is located, rests on articular eminence

A

Intermediate zone

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18
Q

Which section of the articular disc is the thickest?

A

Posterior zone

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19
Q

What is the shape of the articular disc?

A

Bi-concave

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20
Q

Which part of the articular disc is concave?

A

Inferior part

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21
Q

Which part of the articular disc is concavo-convex

A

Superior part

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22
Q

What type of tissue is the articular disc?

A

Dense fibrous ct

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23
Q

Can the articular disc be the source of pain?

A

No; no nerve fibers

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24
Q

What is happening when the TMJ is clicking?

A

Disc and condyle are not moving in a coordinated fashion

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25
Q

Attaches the articular disc posteriorly to tympanic plate–Lots of elastic fibers–Stretches as joint is moved forward; pulls disc back in place

A

Superior retrodiscal lamina

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26
Q

Attaches disc to posterior inferior condyle margin–Composed of collagenous fibers, not elastic fibers–Attaches the inferior border of the posterior margin of the articular surface of the condyle; doesn’t allow disk to come off top of condyle

A

Inferior retrodiscal lamina

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27
Q

____ attachment of retrodiscal lamina connects disc to the tympanic plate; elastic fibers

A

Superior attachment

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28
Q

____ attachment of retrodiscal lamina attaches disc to neck of condyle; no elastic fibers

A

Inferior attachment

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29
Q

Attaches disc to the anterior margin of articular surface of temporal bone–Collagenous fibers

A

Superior Capsular Ligament CL

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30
Q

Attaches disc to anterior margin of condyle–Collagenous fibers

A

Inferior Capsular Ligament

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31
Q

Attachments of the capsular ligament between the superior and inferior capsular ligaments

A

Superior Lateral Pterygoid Muscle

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32
Q

Both the condyle and glenoid fossa have ____ connective tissue on articulating surfaces

A

Dense fibrous connective tissue

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33
Q

____ zone of articular surfaces: Most superficial layer. Unlike other synovial joints, this layer is made of dense fibrous connective tissue rather than hyaline cartilage: less susceptible to aging and better ability to repair

A

Articular Zone:

34
Q

____ zone of articular surfaces: Contains undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and is responsible for proliferation of articular cartilage in response to loads.

A

Proliferative Zone:

35
Q

____ zone of articular surfaces: 3D network of collagen offering resistance to lateral and compressive forces

A

Fibrocartilaginous Zone:

36
Q

____ zone of articular surfaces: Made up of chrondrocytes and chrondoblasts. Active site for bone remodeling

A

Calcified Zone:

37
Q

Movement is rotational in which compartment of TMJ

A

Inferior

38
Q

Movement is translatory in which compartment of TMJ

A

Superior

39
Q

Where does synovial membrane line in the TMJ?

A

Inner joint capsule and retrodiscal lamina

40
Q

What are the 3 functional ligaments of TMJ?

A

Collateral/Discal ligaments–Capsular ligament–Temporomandibular ligament

41
Q

What are the 2 accessory ligaments of TMJ?

A

Sphenomandibular ligament and Stylomandibular ligament

42
Q

The articular disc is thicker on what portion of the condyle?

A

Medial

43
Q

Which ligaments attach the disc to the medial and lateral poles of the condyle and to the surrounding capsule?

A

Discal/Collateral ligaments

44
Q

Attaches medial edge of disc to medial pole of condyle

A

Medial Discal Ligament–

45
Q

Attaches lateral edge of disc to the lateral pole of the condyle

A

Lateral Discal Ligament–

46
Q

Which ligament is responsible for dividing the TMJ into 2 cavities?

A

Discal ligament

47
Q

____ ligament surrounds the TMJ entirely; attached superiorly to temporal bone and inferiorly to condyle

A

Capsular ligament

48
Q

Ligament that surrounds the joint like a curtain •Attached to the base of the skull and the condyle•Attached at the periphery of the articular parts •Also attached to the disc medially and laterally •Retains synovial fluid

A

Capsular ligament/ joint capsule

49
Q

Is the bone thin or thick at superior part of glenoid fossa?

A

Thin

50
Q

_____ states that bone in a healthy person or animal will adapt to the loads under which it is placed. If loading on a particular bone increases, the bone will remodel itself over time to become stronger to resist that sort of loading.

A

Wolff’s law

51
Q

____ is the term used to describe the TMJ in a relaxed state

A

Centric relation

52
Q

All areas of the joint not involved in articulation (internal surfaces of the cavities) are covered with _____ cells that form the synovial lining

A

specialized endothelial cells

53
Q

____ lubrication: movement of fluid from one area of the joint cavity to another, prevents friction

A

Boundary lubrication:

54
Q

______ lubrication: articular surfaces absorb some of the fluid, increased absorption during function, metabolic exchange

A

Weeping lubrication:

55
Q

Which ligament attaches to the articular disc anteriorly, posteriorly, medially, and laterally?

A

Capsular ligament

56
Q

Attaches the articular disc to the tympanic plate–Connective tissue–Lots of elastic fibers–Stretches as joint is moved forward

A

Superior Retrodiscal Lamina–

57
Q

Collagenous attachment (not elastic)–Attaches the posterior of disc to the posterior margin of the articular surface of the condyle

A

Inferior Retrodiscal Lamina–

58
Q

_____ joint cavity is Bordered by the –glenoid fossa –superior aspect of the disc; translatory movements

A

Superior Joint Cavity

59
Q

____ joint cavity is Bordered by –inferior aspect of the disc–superior aspect of the condyle: rotates

A

Inferior Joint cavity

60
Q

Tightening of which ligament will cause the condyle to translate?

A

Temporomandibular ligament

61
Q

Thickening of the capsular ligament on the lateral aspect•Extends from articular tubercle and zygomatic process to the lateral pole and neck of the condyle, and the disk; 2 parts (outer oblique and inner horizontal); keeps mandible from going up into brain

A

Temporomandibular Ligament

62
Q

Which part of the temporomandibular ligament causes translation?

A

Outer oblique portion

63
Q

___ portion of Temporomandibular ligament Extends from the outer surface of the articular tubercle and zygomatic process posterior inferiorly to outer surface of condylar neck

A

•Outer oblique

64
Q

___ portion of Temporomandibular ligament Extends from the outer surface of the articular tubercle and zygomatic process posteriorly–Horizontally to the lateral pole of the condyle and posterior part of the articular disc

A

Inner horizontal

65
Q

___ portion of Temporomandibular ligament Prevents over rotation of the mandible–Causes translation of the mandible after 20-25 mm opening

A

Outer oblique

66
Q

___ portion of Temporomandibular ligament Limits posterior movement onto the highly innervated retrodiscal tissue (PAIN)–Prevents excessive overextension of the lateral pterygoid muscle

A

Inner horizontal

67
Q

_____ ligament prevents posterior movement of the mandible, the condyle will fracture before it can be driven posteriorly

A

Temporomandibular Ligament

68
Q

____ ligament Arises from the Styloid Process•Inserts into the posterior border of the ramus of the mandible•Function: limits excessive protrusive movement of the mandible

A

Stylomandibular ligament

69
Q

____ ligament Arises from the spine of the sphenoid bone•Inserts onto the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible called the lingula•Will tighten on rotation of the mandible, and will aid in the change from rotation to translations. Okeson says it has no role

A

Sphenomandibular Ligament

70
Q

What is the state called when the muscles that pull across the joint (primarily elevators) are in a constant state of mild contraction

A

Tonus

71
Q

As the inferior lateral pterygoid becomes active, ____will occur first in the inferior portion of the joint. When the inferior lateral pterygoid is active, the superior will be _____

A

rotation; inactive

72
Q

The superior lateral pterygoid is only active during power strokes of the ____ muscles. When this muscle is active, the fibers that are attached to the disc pull ___ and __. The superior lateral pterygoid is technically a protractor of the disc.

A

elevator; anteriorly and medially

73
Q

As the condyle descends down the articular eminence, the ________ becomes stretched

A

superior retrodiscal lamina

74
Q

In translation, The disc is moved forward with the condyle, primarily due to the _____ ligament which attaches the disc to the anterior margin of the articular surface of the condyle. The condyle during movement seats more firmly against the disc on the intermediate zone.

A

anterior capsular ligament

75
Q

What places a posterior pull on the disc as it translates; holds the disc rotated as far posteriorly on the condyle as the width of the articular disc space will permit?

A

Superior retrodiscal lamina

76
Q

The space behind the condyle, the retrodiscal tissues, are rich in ____, and will fill the void left by the condyle by filling with ____.

A

veins; blood

77
Q

Maximum opening is reached when the ____ ligaments prevent further movement at the condyles.

A

capsular ligaments

78
Q

Maximum opening can be in the range of _____ mm when measure between the incisal edges of he maxillary and mandibular teeth.

A

40-60

79
Q

____ syndrome is a rare condition commonly characterized but not limited to -sudden, sharp nerve-like pain in the jaw bone and joint, back of the throat, and base of the tongue, triggered by swallowing, moving the jaw, or turning the neck.

A

Eagle syndrome

80
Q

First described by American otorhinolaryngologist Watt Weems Eagle in 1937, the condition is caused by an elongated or misshapen styloid process and/or calcification of the stylohyoid ligament, either of which interferes with the functioning of neighboring regions in the body, giving rise to pain.

A

Eagle syndrome

81
Q

Symptoms of ____ include swallowing difficulties, a feeling that there is something stuck in the throat, shooting pains from the throat to the ear or jaw, pain at the base of the tongue, pain when swallowing or turning the head to one side, a persisting ringing or buzzing in the ears•a headache, throbbing in the jaw, Some people experience other symptoms, such as unusual sensations in the head or the neck.

A

Eagle syndrome

Occlusion (13 decks)

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