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Occlusion > Muscles of Mastication > Flashcards

Muscles of Mastication Flashcards

1
Q

_____ ANATOMY or oral cavity includes ▪DENTITION AND SUPPORTIVE STRUCTURES▪SKELETAL COMPONENTS▪TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINTS a.k.a. the TMJ▪LIGAMENTS▪MUSCLES

A

Functional Anatomy

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2
Q

What bones are involved in TMJ?

A

Temporal and mandible

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3
Q

2 MAXILLARY BONES are FUSED TOGETHER AT THE ________

A

MID-PALATAL SUTURE

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4
Q

____ border of maxilla makes up the FLOOR OF THE NASAL CAVITY AND ORBIT

A

Superior border of maxilla

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5
Q

____ border of maxilla makes up the PALATE AND ALVEOLAR RIDGE

A

Inferior border of maxilla

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6
Q

What are the 4 processes of the maxilla?

A

Zygomatic, frontal, alveolar, palatine

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7
Q

_______ extends from the incisive papilla to the distal end of the hard palate. The overlying mucosa is tightly attached and thin. Relief is usually required to prevent soreness. The underlying bone is dense and often raised forming a torus palatinus

A

Midline palatal suture-

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8
Q

______ the orifice of the anterior palatine nerve and blood vessels. Relief in this area is usually not required due to the abundant overlying tissues

A

Major palatine foramen-

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9
Q

_____ aspect of the mandible includes Alveolar crest and Teeth

A

SUPERIOR ASPECT

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10
Q

____ aspect of the mandible includes Mandibular Angle, Ascending Ramus, Coronoid process, and Condyle

A

Body/Posterior Aspect

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11
Q

_________ is a ridge of dense bone from the mental foramen, coursing superiorly and distally to become continuous with the anterior region of the ramus. This line is the attachment site of the buccinator muscle and an anatomic guide for the lateral termination of the buccal flange of the mandibular denture

A

External Oblique Line

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12
Q

the anterior exit of the mandibular canal and the inferior alveolar nerve. In cases of severe residual ridge resorption, the foramen occupies a more superior position on then ridge and the denture base must be relieved to prevent nerve compression and pain

A

Mental Foramen

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13
Q

______ states that bone in a healthy person or animal will adapt to the loads under which it is placed.

A

Wolff’s law

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14
Q

Part of the mandible that articulates with the cranium; contains medial and lateral poles

A

Condyle

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15
Q

Squamous portion articulates the mandibular condyle; contains ARTICULAR or GLENOID FOSSA

A

Temporal bone

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16
Q

_____ is Thick dense bone to tolerate heavy forces

A

ARTICULAR EMINENCE –

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17
Q

____ head of the masseter has fibers that run down and back

A

Superificial

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18
Q

____ head of the masseter has fibers that run in a vertical direction

A

deep

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19
Q

What muscle is this?

A

Masseter

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20
Q

Origin of the ____ muscle includes: Anterior 2/3 of the lower border of ZYGOMATICH ARCH; medial surface of zygomatic arch

A

Masseter

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21
Q

Insertion of the ____ muscle includes: LATERAL SURFACE OF RAMUS andANGLE OF THE MANDIBLE

A

Masseter

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22
Q

_____ muscle elevates the mandible that is a powerful muscle providing the force for chewing

A

Masseter

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23
Q

____ head of the masseter aids in protrusion

A

Superficial head of masseter

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24
Q

_____ head of masseter STABILIZES THE CONDYLE AGAINST THE EMINENCE

A

Deep head of masseter

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25
Q

Origin of _____ muscle: TEMPORAL FOSSA and LATERAL SURFACE OF THE SKULL

A

Temporalis

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26
Q

Insertion of _____ muscle: CORONOID PROCESS and ANTERIOR BORDER OF ASCENDING RAMUS

A

Temporalis

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27
Q

_____ portion of Temporalis contain vertical directed fibers

A

Anterior

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28
Q

_____ portion of Temporalis contain fibers running obliquely across the lateral aspect of the skull

A

Middle

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29
Q

_____ portion of Temporalis contain horizontal fibers come forward above the ear to join other fibers

A

Posterior

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30
Q

What muscle is this?

A

Temporalis

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31
Q

_____ nerve runs thru the mandibular foramen

A

Alveolar nerve

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32
Q

_____ muscle raises mandible vertically, elevates and retrudes the mandible, and aids in retrusion of the mandible

A

Temporalis

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33
Q

____ portion of the temporalis where MANDIBLE IS RAISED VERTICALLY

A

ANTERIOR TEMPORALIS

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34
Q

____ portion of the temporalis ELEVATES AND RETRUDES THE MANDIBLE

A

MIDDLE TEMPORALIS

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35
Q

_____ portion of the temporalis AIDS IN RETRUSION OF THE MANDIBLE

A

Posterior temporalis

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36
Q

What muscle is this?

A

Lateral Pterygoid

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37
Q

Origin of ____ muscle is outer surface of the lateral pterygoid plate

A

Lateral pterygoid

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38
Q

Insertion of ______ muscle is the neck of the condyle

A

Inferior Lateral Pterygoid

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39
Q

_____ muscle extends back, up and out

A

Inferior lateral Pterygoid

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40
Q

BILATERAL CONTRACTION of ____ muscle Causes the condyles to be pulled down the articular eminences and the mandible is protruded

A

Inferior Lateral Pterygoid

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41
Q

UNILATERAL CONTRACTION of ____ muscle Causes mediotrusivemovement (downward, forward, and medially)

A

Inferior Lateral Pterygoid

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42
Q

Origin of ____ muscle: infratemporal surface of the greater sphenoid wing, lateral wall of the pterygoid plate

A

Superior lateral pterygoid

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43
Q

Insertion of ____ muscle: disk, capsule, and neck of the condyle

A

Superior lateral pterygoid

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44
Q

____ muscle is Inactive during mandibular opening; Active only with elevator muscles (closure of the mandible)

A

Superior lateral pterygoid

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45
Q

____ muscle is active during the power stroke: this muscle is active during mandibular closure against resistance (chewing or clenching), positions the disc against the articular eminence

A

Superior lateral pterygoid

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46
Q

Origin of ___ muscle: Inferior Head, on the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone

A

Inferior Lateral Pterygoid

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47
Q

Insertion of _____ muscle: The two heads fuse into one mass, but fibers of the superior head insert into the capsule and through it indirectly onto the anterior surface of the articular disk. The remaining fibers insert below the capsule into the anterior (medial) surface of the mandible neck in a triangular area

A

Inferior Lateral Pterygoid

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48
Q

____ movement of the mandible will move the coronoid process toward the maxilla

A

Lateral movement

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49
Q

Origin of ____ muscle: terygoid fossa, medial surface of the pterygoid plate

A

Medial Pterygoid

50
Q

Insertion of _____ muscle: medial surface of the mandibular angle

A

Medial Pterygoid

51
Q

What muscle is this?

A

Medial Pterygoid

52
Q

____ muscle ELEVATES the mandible, PROTRUDES the mandible, UNILATERAL contraction results in mediotrusion

A

Medial Pterygoid

53
Q

What 2 muscles make up the masseter sling?

A

Masseter and Medial Pterygoid

54
Q

Which muscles close the mandible together?

A

Masseter and Medial Pterygoid

55
Q

What are the 2 soft palate depressors?

A

Palatoglossus and Palatopharyngeal

56
Q

Are the soft palate depressors attached to bone?

A

No

57
Q

What are the 3 soft palate elevators?

A

Tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini, and Musculus uvulae

58
Q

_____ muscles close off oropharynx from nasopharynx

A

Soft palate elevators

59
Q

Are the soft palate elevators attached to bone?

A

Yes

60
Q

_______ consists of the junction between the superior constrictor and the buccinator muscles. It forms part of the retromolar pad

A

Pterygomandibular raphe

61
Q

What 2 muscles make up the pterygomandibular raphe?

A

Superior constrictor and buccinator

62
Q

the action of the masseter muscle reflects the buccinatormuscle in a superior and medial direction. The distobuccal flange of the denture should be contoured to allow freedom for this action otherwise the denture will be displacedor the patient will experience soreness in this area.

A

Masseter Groove

63
Q

The _____ muscle arises from the outer surfaces of the alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible,corresponding to the three pairs of molar teeth; and behind, from the anterior border of the pterygomandibularraphéwhich separates it from the superorconstrictor.

A

buccinator

64
Q

where the buccinatorand superior constrictor connect; Extends from the pterygoidhamulussuperiorly to the alveolar ridge inferiorly under the retromolar gland

A

Pterygomandibular raphe

65
Q

The muscles that form the sides, entrance, and floor of the oral cavity are the _____, _____, and ______

A

buccinators, orbicularis oris, and mylohyoids

66
Q

The parts of ____ muscle arise from the lower third of the posterior margin of the medial pterygoidplate and its hamulus(Pterygopharyngealpart); from the pterygomandibularraphe (Buccopharyngealpart); from the alveolar process of the mandible above the posterior end of the mylohyoid line(Myolopharyngealpart); and by a few fibers from the side of the tongue (Glossopharyngeal part)

A

Superior Constrictor

67
Q

What muscles comprise the suprahyoid group?

A

GENIOHYOID, MYLOHYOID, DIGASTRIC, and STYLOHYOID

68
Q

_____ muscles ELEVATE HYOID BONE and DEPRESS THE MANDIBLE WHEN HYOID BONE IS FIXED

A

Suprahyoids

69
Q

Origin of ____ muscle: Inferior genial tubercle on the inner surface of mandibular symphysis

A

Geniohyoid

70
Q

Insertion of _____ muscle: Anterior surface of body of hyoid bone

A

Geniohyoid

71
Q

What is this group of muscles called?

A

Suprahyoids

72
Q

Origin of _____ muscle: LINE FROM LAST MOLAR ROOT TO MANDIBULAR SYMPHYSIS

A

Mylohyoid

73
Q

Insertion of ____ muscle: MEDIAN RAPHE FROM CHIN TO HYOID BONE

A

Mylohyoid

74
Q

_____ muscle forms the muscular floor of the mouth. Arises from the ____ ridge of the mandible. Determines the lingual flange extension of the denture. Ends at about thefirst molar area.

A

Mylohyoid muscle; Mylohyoid ridge

75
Q

_______ is present on the lingual surface of the anterior mandible and serve as the attachment sites of the genioglossusand geniohyoidmuscles of the tongue. In patients with severe ridge resorption (see R photo), the geniotuberclesmay cause discomfort if they are more exposed to the denture base.

A

Geniotubercle (Mental Spines)

76
Q

Origin of ____ muscle: The posterior belly, longer than the anterior, arises from the mastoid process▪The anterior belly arises from a depression on the inner side of the lower border of the mandible, close to the symphysis

A

Digastric Muscle

77
Q

Insertion of ____ muscle: hyoid bone

A

Digastric muscle

78
Q

Origin of ____ muscle: posterior border of styloid process

A

Stylohyoid muscle

79
Q

Insertion of ____ muscle: hyoid bone

A

Stylohyoid muscle

80
Q

Oris orbicularis, Zygomatic Major and Minor, Risorius, and Levator Labii superioris make up the ____ muscles of the mouth

A

Maxillary

81
Q

Oris orbicularis, Depressor labii (inferior), Mentalis,Depressor angularis, and Risorius make up ____ muscles of the mouth

A

Mandibular

82
Q

What are the 4 muscles of facial expression?

A

Modiolus, Buccinator, Mentalis, and Orbicularis oris

83
Q

Do the muscles of facial expression insert in bone?

A

No

84
Q

_____ is at the corner of the mouth

A

Modiolus

85
Q

______ is a concentration of several muscle groups and is situated laterally and slightly superiorly to the corner of the mouth. This is an area where extrinsic perioral muscles join intrinsic fibers of the orbicularis orismuscle. It is a very forceful area which can influence the labial flange thickness of the maxillary denture.

A

Modiolus

86
Q

_____ muscle provides support and mobility of the soft tissues of the cheek. The muscle fibers contract in a line parallel to the plane of occlusion. As people age, tension is lost in this muscle which predisposes a patient to cheek biting (espwith a new denture). The masseter often exerts it’sforce through this muscle

A

Buccinator

87
Q

This muscle and associated fat pad, can be an interference when prepping 2ndmolars for a crown.

A

Buccinator

88
Q

______ elevates the skin of the chin and turns the lower lip outward. Dictates the length and thickness of the labial flange extension of the lower denture.With the severely resorbed mandible, this muscle will lose it’s attachment.

A

Mentalis

89
Q

Origin of ___ muscle: incisive fossa of the mandible

A

Mentalis

90
Q

Insertion of ____ muscle: soft tissue of the lower lip

A

Mentalis

91
Q

_______ is the sphincter muscle of the mouth. It has no skeletal attachmentsand is composed of many muscles that converge at the modiolus.

A

Orbicularis Oris

92
Q

The muscles of facial expression are all innervated by ______

A

Facial Nerve (CN VII)

93
Q

Muscles of _____ these muscles assist with the functions of chewing, swallowing, and speaking. Any deficiency may create problems with these actions, andmay create difficulties with wearing a dental prosthesis.

A

Facial Expression

94
Q

The modiolus is a chiasma of facial muscles held together by ______, located lateral and slightly superior to each angle of the mouth. It is important in moving the mouth, facial expression and in dentistry.

A

fibrous tissue

95
Q

When the _____. muscle contracts, the lips close

A

Orbicularis oris

96
Q

The ______ muscle has no real bony origin. Instead, it is entirely rimmed by the insertions of other muscles of facial expression, most of which do originate on bone.

A

orbicularis oris

97
Q

Origin: Height of zygomatic bone just anterior to the zygomaticus major

Insertion: Corner of the mouth

A

Zygomaticus Major

98
Q

The _______ muscle is oblong, flat, and cylindrical. It is positioned lateral to and above the angle of the mouth. It originates at the zygomatic bone, lateral to the levatorlabii superioris muscle, and inserts in skin just superior to and at the angle of the mouth.

A

zygomaticus major

99
Q

The _____ muscle’s action is to draw the angle of the mouth laterally and upward.

A

Zygomaticus Major

100
Q

_____ muscle is medial to zygomaticus major and elevates corner of mouth

A

Zygomaticus minor

101
Q

Origin: frontal process of the maxilla

Insertion: Skin of the wing of the nose.

A

Levator Labii Superioris alaeque nasi LLSAN

102
Q

_____ muscle acts to elevate the upper lip, widen the nasal opening, and raise the corner of the mouth

A

Levator Labii superioris LLS

103
Q

O –a line paralleling the infraorbital margin

I -skin of the lip just below the nasolabial sulcus as far as the vermilion border

A

Levator Labii superioris LLS

104
Q

____. muscle acts to draw the angle of the mouth downward

A

Depressor anguli oris DAO

105
Q

O –lower border of the lateral body of the mandible just above platysma

I –The modiolus at the corner of the mouth

A

Depressor anguli oris DAO

106
Q

____ muscle depresses and inverts the lower lip

A

Depressor labii inferioris DLI

107
Q

O –On the lateral body of the mandible, just above the depressor angulioris

I –by tiers to the skin above the mentolabialfold

A

Depressor labii Inferioris DLI

108
Q

O –On the lateral body of the mandible, just above the depressor anguli oris

I –Risorius, and orbicularis oris, modiolus

A

Depressor angular oris DAO

109
Q

_____ muscle draws the angle of the mouth downward and laterally

A

Depressor angular oris DAO

110
Q

____ muscle tightens lower lip and moves lip down

A

Mentalis

111
Q

O –forms a circular area that extends from the central incisor to the canine eminence, on the anterior lateral mandible

I –Into the skin, the chin and the lip

A

Mentalis

112
Q

O –labial border of the mandible

I–into the lower lip

A

Depressor labii inferioris

113
Q

To depress the mandible, what muscles must contract?

A

INFERIOR LATERAL PTERYGOIDS and DIGASTRIC

114
Q

To depress the mandible, what muscles must relax?

A

MASSETERS, MEDIAL PTERYGOIDS, and TEMPORALIS

115
Q

What muscles must contract to elevate mandible?

A

MASSETERS, MEDIAL PTERYGOID, TEMPORALIS, and SUPERIOR LATERAL PTERYGOID

116
Q

What muscles must relax to elevate the mandible?

A

INFERIOR LATERAL PTERYGOID and DIGASTRIC

117
Q

What muscles must contract to allow right lateral movement of mandible?

A

Left inferior lateral pterygoid

118
Q

What muscle must relax to allow right lateral movement?

A

Right Inferior Lateral Pterygoid and Slightly elevators

119
Q

Protrustion of the mandible is caused by the contraction of what muscles?

A

Inferior lateral pterygoids

120
Q

What muscles assist in contraction to protrude the mandible?

A

Masseters and medial pterygoid

121
Q

What muscles contracts to retrude the mandible?

A

Temporalis

Occlusion (13 decks)

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