Implants Flashcards
A prosthetic device or alloplastic material implanted into the oral tissues beneath the mucosal and/or periosteal layer, and/or within the bone to provide retention and support for a fixed or removable prosthesis
Dental implant
What are the 3 types of implants?
Periosteal, transosteal, and endosteal
A _____ implant is on or around the bone
Periosteal
A ____ implant goes through the bone
Transosteal
A _____ implant is in the bone
Endosteal
What type of imaging technique allows exact implant placement?
CT scan or cone beam image
A _____ implant goes on top of the bone; resorbs the bone
Subperiosteal implant
Which arch should a subperiosteal implant not be place on?
Maxilla
Materials–Surgical stainless steel (316L)–Titanium–Gold alloy–Metals with ceramic coatings•
Indication –mandible with alveolar ridge height < 10mm
Transosteal implant
Direct structural and functional contact between ordered, living bone and the surface of a load carrying implant; provides predictability
Osseointegration
Upon placement, ____ is deposited on the surface of the implant firmly anchoring it in the surrounding bone.
bone
There is no ______ interface between the surface of the implant and the adjacent bone; As a result epithelial migration along this interface is prevented
fibrous connective tissue
Who discovered osseointegration?
P.I. Branemark
In these experiments Branemark used an optical chamber made of _____. When he attempted to remove the chamber from its bone site he noticed that the bone adhered to the chamber with great tenacity.
titanium
most metals are not suitable as biomaterials because corrosion of these metals result in continuous release of _______ into adjacent tissues.
metal ions
The presence of these ions cause acute and chronic ______ responses which eventually result in fibrous encapsulation of the offending material.
inflammatory responses
Titanium however is resistant to _____ and spontaneously forms a coating of titanium dioxide, which is stable, biologically inert and promotes the deposition of a mineralized bone matrix on its surface. In addition, it is strong, and easily machined into useful shapes.
corrosion
is stable, biologically inert and promotes the deposition of a mineralized bone matrix on its surface; In addition, it is strong, and easily machined into useful shapes.
titanium dioxide
_____ is the physiological process through which new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels.
Angiogenesis
Plasma proteins are attracted to the area, accompanied by platelet activation and the release of _____ and _____
cytokines and growth factors
_______ cells migrate via the fibrin scaffold of the clot to the osteotomy site and the surface of the implant
Mesenchymal stem cells
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into _____ and begin to deposit bone on the surface of the implant and the walls of the osteotomy site, eventually leading to anchorage of the implant in bone.
osteoblasts
How long do the initial events of osseointegration take?
8 weeks to 4 months
What kind of bone is deposited in the first few weeks post op?
Woven bone
What type of bone is woven remodeled into and takes 6-20 weeks?
Lamellar bone
Prerequisites for Achieving ______
•Uncontaminated implant surfaces
•Creation of congruent, non-traumatized implant sites
•Primary implant stability
•No relative movement of the implant during the healing phase
Osseointegration
Surface roughness of implants provides increased ________
Increased surface area
•Screws into the implant to facilitate tissue healing•Placed after implant is uncovered
Healing Abutment
Part that supports/retains prosthesis•Screwed into the implant
Prosthetic Abutment•
Facilitates making the impression for the restoration•Snaps over abutment onto implant or is screwed directly into implant
Impression Coping•
Replica of implant body•Needed to fabricate prosthesis
Implant Analog/Replica•
_______ beyond the physical limits of hard tissues has been suggested as the primary cause of initial and long term bone loss around implants.
Mechanical stress or strain
A tooth exhibits _____ vertical movement than an implant. This may result in higher occlusal loads on the implant.
more
Tooth is connected to bone by ____
PDL
Implant is connected to bone by _____
functional ankylosis
The force of impact on an implant is _____ (increased or decreased)?
Increased
Is there any mobility in an implant?
No
Is there more or less apical movement in an implant?
Less
Is there more or less lateral movement in an implant?
Less
Is there more or less tactile sensitivity in an implant?
Less
When an ______ is placed on an implant body the compressive stresses on the opposite side of the implant increase and the tensile and shear loads on the same side of the implant increase
angled load
____ angles can modify the direction of force to the implant during mastication or parafunction
Cusp angles
The force of the cusps should be on _____ of occluding teeth
Central fossa of occluding teeth
The use of ____ (more or less) implants will allow better stress distribution.
More
Too much stress in the implant leads to ____ of implant
Loss of implant
There is now overwhelming evidence that a ______ overdenture should become the first choice of treatment for the edentulous mandible.
two-implant
________ attachments in the lower jaw will provide minimal needed retention for the lower denture at an economical cost.
Two ball attachments
The ____ abutments vary in height. You want to chose the height that will leave about 1.5 mm showing above the tissue.
zest abutments
Which retention male is used in the zest abutment most often?
Pink retention male (3 lb)
