Signs and Symptoms of TMD

Question 1

What are the 3 major sites of potential breakdown?

Answer 1

Muscles
TMJs
Dentition

Question 2

An objective clinical finding revealed during examination

Answer 2

Signs

Question 3

A description or complaint by the Patient

Answer 3

Symptom

Question 4

The following are \_\_\_\_ of TMD:
•Limited opening
•Enlarged muscles
•Deviated opening
•Clicking
•Crepitis
•Acute malocclusion (bite changes

Answer 4

Signs of TMD

Question 5

The following are \_\_\_\_ of TMD:
•Facial pain
•Headache
•Tinnitus
•Ear fullness
•Pain with function
•vertigo

Answer 5

Symptoms of TMD

Question 6

In a study done by professors at UMKC, it showed that symptoms were more prevalent for people under the age of ____

Answer 6

45

Question 7

What are the 2 most common TMD complaints?

Answer 7

PAIN (most common) and Dysfunction

Question 8

• Most common complaint
  
  • Ranges from
  • Slight tenderness
  • To extreme discomfort

Answer 8

Pain

Question 9

• Pain felt in muscle tissue

* Often arises from increased levels of muscular activity

Answer 9

Myalgia

Question 10

What is the most likely etiology of TMD?

Answer 10

Parafunctional activity

Question 11

Origin of Muscle pain

•Related to vasoconstriction of relevant nutrient arteries

Answer 11

vasoconstriction

Question 12

Origin of Muscle pain •Accumulation of ________ in the muscle tissue•

Answer 12

waste products

Question 13

Origin of Muscle pain:

______ substances released causing muscle pain

Answer 13

Algogenic

Question 14

______ (complaint of TMD):
•Decrease in the range of mandibular movement
•Muscle overuse will result in pain from an contraction or stretching

Answer 14

Dysfunction

Question 15

Type of dysfunction: Patient will restrict his/her movements within a range that does not increase pain levels

Answer 15

inability to open wide

Question 16

type of dysfunction:

•Any sudden change in the occlusal position that has been created by a disorder

Answer 16

Acute Malocclusion

Question 17

The following are classified as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ disorders:
•Co-contraction (muscle splinting)
•Local muscle soreness
•Myofacial pain (trigger point myalgia)
•Myospasm
•myositis

Answer 17

Masticatory muscle disorders

Question 18

____ is a reflexive contraction of adjacent muscles to prevent movement or stabilize the tissue, resulting from noxious stimuli of a sensory field of a joint, soft tissue, or other structure

Answer 18

Protective splinting of muscles

Question 19

_____
Can result from prolonged protective co-contraction
•Clinically muscles are tender
•Due to excessive use or local trauma

Answer 19

Local muscle soreness

Question 20

• Another disorder
• Resulting from prolonged protective co-contraction
• Characterized by local areas of firm hypersensitive bands of muscle tissue

Answer 20

Myofacial pain

Question 21

• Inflammatory muscle condition

* Chronic result from prolonged protective co-contraction

Answer 21

Myositis

Question 22

• Involuntary muscle spasm
• A CNS response to local conditions
• A Condition of relatively short duration

Answer 22

Myospasm

Question 23

\_\_\_\_\_ factors
•Acutely  alter sensory  or  proprioceptive input
•Fracture of a tooth
•New restoration
•Trauma to local structures
•Anesthesia injection
•Intubation
•Chewing unusually hard

Answer 23

Local factors

Question 24

______ Factors
•Emotional stress!!!
•Acute Illnesses
•Viral infections

Answer 24

Systemic Factors

Question 25

When an acute myalgic disorder is not resolved It may progress into a _____ pain disorder

Answer 25

chronic pain disorder

Question 26

______ ______ Factors •Protracted cause •Recurrent cause •Therapeutic mismanagement

Answer 26

Local Perpetuating Factors

Question 27

______ cause | •If a clinician fails to eliminate and acute myalgia disorder•A more chronic condition can develop

Answer 27

•Protracted

Question 28

* Protracted cause | * If a clinician fails to eliminate and acute myalgia disorder•A more _____ condition can develop

Answer 28

chronic condition

Question 29

_____ Cause •Bruxism •Repeated Trauma

Answer 29

Recurrent cause

Question 30

``` _______ factors •Continued emotional stress •Constitutional factors •Sleep disturbances •Learned behavior •Secondary gain •Depression •Psychological intensification ```

Answer 30

Systemic perpetuating factors

Question 31

________ Can perpetuate or advance an acute condition to a more chronic pain disorder

Answer 31

Continued emotional stress•

Question 32

``` ______ factors •Ability of a patient to respond to local or systemic events •influenced by •Nutrition •Physical fitness •metabolism ```

Answer 32

Constitutional factors

Question 33

* People learn to be sick rather than well | * Need to receive therapy to promote wellness behavior

Answer 33

Learned behavior

Question 34

* Chronic pain can produce _______ for patients * Excuse to avoid work * Attention from family and friends

Answer 34

secondary gains

Question 35

* A common finding in patients with chronic pain | * Elimination of pain may not eliminate this

Answer 35

depression

Question 36

______ describes •The longer the patient suffers •The greater the paini ntensification •Thus perpetuates the problem

Answer 36

Psychogenic intensification

Question 37

Functional disorders of the _______: •Derangements for the condyle-disc complex •Structural incompatibility of the articular surfaces •Inflammatory joint disorder

Answer 37

TMJ

Question 38

The ______ muscle as it works to keep the disc between the condyle and the articular eminence, can actually pull the disc forward, if the posterior retrodiscal ligament gets stretched and cannot pull the disc back into the proper position. This can lead to function on the posterior border of the disc, where the disc can become flattened

Answer 38

superior lateral pterygoid

Question 39

•The posterior border of the disc becomes thinned, the disc can be displaced further into the discal space so the condyle becomes positioned on the posterior border of the disc.

Answer 39

Disc Displacement

Question 40

When the disc is replaced to normal position, it is said to be reduced. Thus if the condyle will move off the disc, but the disc will return back to its original position, the condition is referred to as __________

Answer 40

Disc Displacement with reduction

Question 41

Pull of the superior lateral pterygoid as the patient moves into protrusive, will become more _____ in it’s pull.

Answer 41

medial

Question 42

The disc can be displaced _______ with the lateral pole being exposed first

Answer 42

anteriomedially

Question 43

If the disc moves off the condyle, and becomes displaced to the anterior of the condyle, and does not return back to the head of the condyle, the derangement is known as ________

Answer 43

disc displacement without reduction.

Question 44

Function on the ________ can be painful for the patient. Despite the discomfort, with time, these tissues will begin to turn into fibrous tissue, and function will be altered, but will become pain free.

Answer 44

retrodiscal tissues

Question 45

In a healthy joint the articular surfaces are _____ and ____

Answer 45

firm and smooth

Question 46

What is the term used to describe the mandible being locked in place?

Answer 46

Sublaxation

Question 47

How do you fix sublaxation?

Answer 47

Push down and back on posterior teeth

Question 48

_______ disorder is characterized by the following: •Constant dull ache •Osteoarthritis •Degenerative Joint disease

Answer 48

Inflammatory joint disorder