Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Head & Neck Anatomy > TMJ > Flashcards

TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

what is the TMJ?

A
  • temporomandibular joint

- joint on each side of the head that allows for movement of the mandible for speech and mastication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are disease/disorders of the TMJ called?

A
  • TMD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what bones are involved in the TMJ?

A
  • the 2 temporal bones and the 2 condyles of the mandible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is fibrocartilage?

A
  • surfaces of the TMJ are covered in strong and durable cartilage called fibrocartilage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

where does the condyle fit into on the temporal bone?

A
  • the articular fossa or the glenoid fossa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is a fibrous joint capsule?

A
  • completely encloses the TMJ
  • membranes inside the capsule secrete synovial fluid to help lubricate the joint
  • 2 portions of the joint capsule
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the 2 portions of the joint capsule?

A
  • superior: wraps around articular eminence and articular fossa
  • inferior: wraps around mandibular condyle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the disc of the joint?

A
  • the fibrous disc of the joint is located between the temporal bone and the condyle of the mandible
  • shape conforms with the shape of the adjacent bones (cap shape)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

2 compartments of the disc of the joint

A
  • upper synovial cavity

- lower synovial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

where does the disc attach to?

A
  • the lateral and medial poles of the mandibular condyle but not to temporal bone (only indirectly through the capsule)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how does the joint stay lubricated?

A
  • membranes inside the capsule secrete synovial fluid to help lubricate the joint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how is the mandible joined to the cranium?

A
  • through ligaments, which is a band of fibrous tissue that connects bones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

3 pairs of ligaments connecting the mandible to the cranium

A

1 - TMJ ligament
2 - sphenomandibular ligament
3 - stylomandibular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where are the TMJ ligaments located?

A
  • on the lateral side of each joint reinforcing lateral side of joint capsule
  • goes from zygomatic process to neck of condyle
  • prevents excessive retraction of the mandible
  • provides strength to the joint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

where are the sphenomandibular ligaments located?

A
  • spine of the sphenoid bone to lingula of mandibular foramen
  • limits protrusion
  • this ligament is a landmark for the administration of inferior alveolar local anesthetic block
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

where are the stylomandibular ligaments located?

A
  • styloid process to angle of mandible

- also limits protrusion

17
Q

what do gliding movements allow the jaw to do?

A

occurs mainly between disc and articular eminence in the upper synovial cavity. condyle moves down and up the articular eminence
allows the mandible to go forward and backwards
- protrusion: bilateral contraction of lateral pterygoid muscles
- retraction: temporalis

18
Q

what do rotational (hinging) movements allow the jaw to do?

A

occurs between disc and condyle in the lower synovial cavity. condyle rotates up and down

  • depression: anterior suprahyoid muscles; lateral pterygoid
  • elevation: masseter; medial pterygoid; temporalis
19
Q

opening and closing the jaw

A
  • requires gliding and rotation of the TMJ
  • open: protrude and depress
  • close: retract and elevate
20
Q

what is the power stroke and how does it occur?

A
  • when teeth crunch the food

- moving from laterally deviated to midline

21
Q

what occurs when there is food on the right side of the mouth?

A
  • the mandible will be deviated to the right by the lateral pterygoid muscle
  • then, the mandible will return to center involving a retraction of the left side (temporalis)
  • at the same time, all the closing muscles on the right contract to crush the food (masseter, medial pterygoid, temporalis)
22
Q

what is lateral deviation?

A
  • shifting to one side
  • must happen to chew food
  • lateral deviation back to midline
23
Q

resting position of the TMJ

A
  • no teeth contact
  • muscular balance
  • space of 2-4 mm between teeth (freeway space)
  • with reduced vertical dimension (teeth loss) = overclosed = muscular imbalance
  • with increased vertical dimension (mouthbreathing/open mouth) - muscular imbalance
24
Q

what is TMD? what are some symptoms?

A
  • temporomandibular disorder
  • tenderness, swelling, pain, muscle spasm. limited or deviated jaw opening
  • important to recognize
  • record habits; palpate, note deviations, clicking; symptomatic vs asymptomatic
25
Q

what is clicking?

A
  • disc caught between condyle and articular eminence

- 40-60% asymptomatic

26
Q

what is subluxation?

A
  • dislocation of both joints

- move condyle down and backwards for tx

27
Q

what is bruxism?

A
  • when you clench (tightly hold your top and bottom teeth together) or grind (slide your teeth back and forth over each other) your teeth
28
Q

TMD signs and symptoms

A
  • pain
  • dysfunction
  • myofascial pain
  • myospasms
  • disc derangement
  • adhesions
  • open lock/dislocation
29
Q

TMD pain

A
  • muscle pain (myalgia)

- ranges from tenderness to extreme discomfort

30
Q

TMD dysfunction

A
  • limited range of motion
  • malocclusion
  • joint sounds (clicking, popping, crepitus)
31
Q

TMD myofascial pain and myospasms

A 
myofascial pain:
- trigger point pain (an irritable spot in a muscle that is locked into a deep and painful spasm)
myospasms:
- firm to palpate muscles
- acute malocclusion
32
Q

TMD disc derangement

A
  • disc displacement + degenerative changes in joint tissues

- disc can become thin/perforated naturally with age

33
Q

TMD adhesions and open lock/dislocation

A

adhesions:
- inhibited or rough/bumpy movements
open lock/dislocation:
- condyle gets stuck past articular eminence

34
Q

treatment of TMD

A

many approaches

  • appliances
  • muscle relaxants
  • massage
  • botox injections
  • surgeries, etc…

Head & Neck Anatomy (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions