Tissues: Connective

Question 1

Connective Tissues

Answer 1

never exposed to outside environment and don’t have an apical surface

Question 2

Functions

Answer 2

(a) enclosing and seperating structures
(b) connecting tissues
(c) support and movement
(d) storage of energy and minerals
(e) cushioning and insulation
(f) transporting (blood)
(g) protection (physical and immunity)

Question 3

ALL connective tissues have

Answer 3

Specialized cells
Extracellular matrix (protein fibers and ground substance)

Question 4

Connective cell matrix

Answer 4

makes up most of the volume of connective tissue (matrix often determines function)

Question 5

Collagen

Answer 5

most abundant fiber in body

Question 6

PREFIX

(a) Blast
(b) Cyte
(c) Break down matrix

Answer 6

(A) make matrix
(B) maintain matrix
(C) break down matrix

Question 7

Connective Tissue Classification

Answer 7

Proper Connective Tissue
Supporting Connective Tissue
Fluid Connective TIssue

Question 8

Proper Connective (divided by ground to fiber substance)

Answer 8

Loose:
(fewer fibers, more ground)
- adipose, areolar, rticular
Dense:
(more fibers, less ground)
- regular irregular

Question 9

Supporting Connective

Answer 9

supports soft tissues and weight of body
Cartilage:
gel type ground substance with various fibers for shock and absorption/ protection
Bone: calcified for weight support

Question 10

Fluid Connective

Answer 10

Blood:

blood cells in a fluid matrix…fibers are dissolved proteins… drop out of solution when blood clots

Question 11

Hyaline Cartiladge (supporting)

Answer 11

Lacuna- contains cells
Chondrocyte- the cell itself
(looks like oysters) Pg. 80 LAB (nose, ribs chk bone white stuff)

Question 12

Fibrocartilage (supporting)

Answer 12

matrix less firm than hyaline (vertebrae, discs of knee joint, pubic symphesis)
-looks like the galaxy

Question 13

Elastic cartiladge (supporting)

Answer 13

-

Question 14

Bone cartiladge (supporting)

Answer 14

Lacuna- black dota

Question 15

Dense Regular Tissue (proper)

Answer 15

dense with fibers (attaches muscles to bones: ligament tendon and shoulder joint)

Question 16

Dense Irregular Tissue (proper)

Answer 16

irregularly arranged (wavy but disorder) 
-able to withstand tension exerted in all directions 
Ex: fibrous joint capsule

Question 17

Blood TIssue (fluid)

Answer 17

RBS & WBC & Platelets in a fluid matrix (plasma)
-plasma is the Extracellular Matrix
-transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes
-55% plasma
-45% formed elements = specialized cells
(erythrocyte, leukocyte, platelets,

Question 18

Adipose Tissue (loose proper)

Answer 18

closely packed, fat cells, nucleus pushed to side by fat.

-provides reserve fuel, insulates, and protects organs. (under skin, around kidneys, in breasts)

Question 19

Areolar Tissue (loose proper)

Answer 19

wraps and cushions organs (forms mucous membranes)

Question 20

Reticular Tissue (loose proper)

Answer 20

made of reticular fibers

-dark staining network forming internal skeleton of spleen

Question 21

Elastic Cartiladge (supporting)

Answer 21

dense elastic fibers (oysters and pasta)

-allows recoil of stretching (walls of arteries and ear)

Question 22

Fibroblast

Answer 22

CTP; working cells that make and secrete matrix

Question 23

Fibrocytes

Answer 23

mature cells; secrete matrix to maintain tissue

Question 24

Macrophages

Answer 24

large, cells of immune system that eat pathogens and damaged cells

Question 25

Adipocytes

Answer 25

fat cells (store energy in trigylcerides)

Question 26

Mesenchymal cells

Answer 26

stem cells that respond to injury or infection that break into Fibroblast, Macrophages, or others

Question 27

Mealnocytes

Answer 27

sysnthesize and store the pigment melanin (epidermis)

Question 28

Mast cells

Answer 28

release histamine to stimulate inflammation after injury or infection