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Animal Physiology > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

4 basic tissue types?

A

Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.

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2
Q

What is epithelial tissue?

A

Group of tissues designed to cover the external surfaces and line the internal surfaces of an animals body.

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3
Q

What is the Basement membrane?

A

Fibers that cement epithelial tissue to CT.

Supplies O2 and nutrition and carries away waste.

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4
Q

Epithelial tissue is smooth in blood vessels to…

A

Allow easy passage of blood components.

No stimulus for clot formation.

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5
Q

Brush border (microvilli) are found in…

A

The intestine.

Greatly increases surface area for absorption.

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6
Q

Cilia are found where?

A

In the respiratory tract.

Coordinated movement of substances.

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7
Q

Where is keratin found?

A

The skin.

It’s waterproof protection.

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8
Q

Simple squamous

A

Very thin and delicate.
Easily allows passage (gas exchange, kidney filtration)
Can only be in we’ll protected areas!!

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9
Q

What does simple squamous tissue do?

A 
Reduces friction (flat and smooth). 
Great for lining vessels!
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10
Q

What is endothelium?

A

Lining of blood vessels!!

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11
Q

Simple cuboidal tissue?

A

Delicate.
Found in areas of secretion and absorption, aka glands. (Thyroid, liver, salivary glands..)
Play a BIG role in endocrine and exocrine tissues.

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12
Q

Simple columnar?

A

Line entire GI tract.
Form dense microvilli.
Contain GOBLET CELLS which ->
(Manufacture and store mucus)

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13
Q

Microvilli are?

A

The little bumps in intestine that make more surface area.

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14
Q

Stratified squamous?

A

Areas of mechanical and chemical stress. (Entrance to body)
Outer layer is worn off and replaced by lower level.
Start cuboidal then lose nucleus and flatten.

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15
Q

Epithelial tissue functions by protecting…

A

Keratinized skin, melanin; line and cover other tissues.

Stratified squamous

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16
Q

Epithelial tissue functions by absorbing…

A

GI nutrients

Columnar

17
Q

Epithelial tissue functions by filtering…

A

Renal tubular epithelium filters waste from the blood to be excreted.
(Simple squamous)

18
Q

Epithelial tissue functions by sensory, secretion, and excretion…

A

Cuboidal

19
Q

Epithelial tissue glands. 2 types?

A

Glands only found in epithelial tissue.
Endocrine.
Exocrine.

20
Q

Exocrine glands

A

Exocrine-secrete product to immediate area via DUCTS.
Unicellular glands =goblet cell
Multicellular glands=serous (sweat) and mucous (mucus)

21
Q

Endocrine glands…

A

Endocrine-secrete product (hormones) to entire body via bloodstream.

22
Q

Connective tissue functions…

A 
Structural And metabolic.
Protects organs.
Shock absorption.
Insulates the body.
NRG reserve.
Frame to support body.
Transport.
Healing process after injury.
Control over invading pathogens.
23
Q

What are membranes?

A

Thin, protective layers of tissue.

-epithelial sheet bound to underlying layer of connective tissue!

24
Q

4 types of membranes…

A

Mucous.
Serous.
Cutaneous.
Synovial.

25
Q

What is the mucus membrane?

A

Line & protect organs that have axes to the outside environment.
Goblet cells found in mucus tissue are responsible for secretion of mucus.
Has high concentration of antibodies.
Consists of H2O, electrolytes, and mucin (protein)

26
Q

Where are Serous membranes?

A

Line closed body cavities & the organs within.

27
Q

What do serous membranes do?

A

Produce TRANSUDATE witch moistens surfaces to reduce friction.

28
Q

TRANSUDATE is?

A

Thin and watery; contains electrolytes but no mucin.

29
Q

Cutaneous membranes are?

A

Integument.

Produce keratin that makes skin waterproof and prevents drying.

30
Q

What are synovial membranes?

A

Produce synovial fluid which reduces friction and abrasion at the ends of bones!

31
Q

Skeletal muscle:

A 
Large cells, therefore multinucleated. 
Is Voluntary (under conscious control)
32
Q

Smooth Muscle:

A

single-nucleated, involuntary (unconscious control)

33
Q

Cardiac muscle:

A

Single-nucleated, involuntary

34
Q

Nervous tissue:

A

Somatic nervous system (voluntary) -movement of body.

Autonomic nervous system (Involuntary)-digestion.

Animal Physiology (6 decks)

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