Endocrine system

Question 1

What is a hormone?

Answer 1

it is a chemical messenger from one cell to another.

Question 2

What is negative feedback?

Answer 2

Thermostat

Question 3

What is the pituitary glands job?

Answer 3

master control organ of the endocrine system

Question 4

What does the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland do?

Answer 4

controlled by the hypothalamus, secretes trophic hormones, acts indirectly by stimulating the target organ to release another hormone which in turn influences the second target organ.

Question 5

what does the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland do?

Answer 5

acts DIRECTLY on target organ, makes vasopressin (antidiretic), and makes oxytocin.

Question 6

types of thyroid hormones?

Answer 6

Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4)
require iodine for production.
calcitonin- lowers blood calcium.

Question 7

what do the thyroid hormones do?

Answer 7

increasee metabolismm, blood calcium levels, and growth in young animals.

Question 8

What is hypOthyroidism?

Answer 8

most common in dogs.

2 types-primary acquired (goes away) and central acquired (rare)

Question 9

HypOthyroidism clinical signs?

Answer 9

weight gain. mohock alopecia. alopecia of tail. dry hair. cold intolerance. anemia. high choloesterol.

Question 10

What is hypErthyroidism?

Answer 10

Most common endocrine disorder in cats.

Question 11

ACTH?

Answer 11

Increases production of CORTISOL.

produced by adrenal gland.

Question 12

Aldosterone affects?

Answer 12

water levels/salt -made in adreanal gland

Question 13

Glucocorticoids affect?

Answer 13

sugar levels -made in adreanal gland

Question 14

Corisol affects?

Answer 14

pain tolerance -made in adreanal gland

Question 15

Androgens affect?

Answer 15

sexdrive/sexyness - made in adreanal gland

Question 16

Epinephrine affects?

Answer 16

fight or flight -made in adreanal gland

Question 17

What hormones does the adreanal cortex make?

Answer 17

glucocorticoids (cortisol). mineralocorticoids (aldosterone). sex steroids (testosterone)

Question 18

Hypo-adreno-corticism

Answer 18

Not enough ATCH. Addison’s disease.

Question 19

Hyper-adreno-corticism

Answer 19

Cushing’s. common in dogs.

Question 20

ACTH stim test.

Answer 20

Checks for Cushing’s

Question 21

LH- lutenizing hormone

Answer 21

Ruptures follicle. Ovulation.

Question 22

What produces progesterone?

Answer 22

Corpus luteum.

Question 23

Posterior pituitary.

Answer 23

Only stores, does not produce hormones.

Question 24

Prolactin

Answer 24

Starts lactating.

Question 25

Adh?

Answer 25

Antidiuretic hormone?

Question 26

Oxytocin?

Answer 26

Milk letdown.

Question 27

Pth

Answer 27

Parathyroid hormone

Question 28

PTH does what?

Answer 28

Increases blood calcium

Question 29

Pancreas

Answer 29

Sack or hormones

Question 30

Pancreas has what cells?

Answer 30

Alpha cells - glucagon(raises blood glucose)
Beta cells - insulin (LOWERS blood glucose.
Delta cells - somatostatin (inhibits GI)

Question 31

Insulin allows?

Answer 31

Allows cells to take glucose from blood.

Question 32

Type 1 diabetes.

Answer 32

Born with. Insulin dependable dog.

Question 33

Type 2 diabetes?

Answer 33

Fat cats. Non insulin dependent.

Question 34

Diabetic ketoacidosis?

Answer 34

Running out of glucose.

Question 35

Progesterone?

Answer 35

Helps maintain pregnancy.

Question 36

Prostaglandin

Answer 36

Destroys pregnancy. 9 types.