Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (FINAL) > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

4 primary tissue types

A
  • Epithelial
  • Connective
  • Muscle
  • Nervous
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Epithelial vs connective tissue

A
  • Epithelial has many cells closely packed with litteral extracellular matrix.
  • Connective tissue has scattered cells with lots of material between cells. They are not densely packed and are small in number.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Epithelium

A
  • Protective covering of surfaces inside and outside the body.
  • Covers body surfaces and forms glands
  • Categeoried as free (aprical), basal, and lateral surfaces
  • Contains a basement membrane which is attached to the basal surface, holding the resting of the cells together.
  • Avascular…gets nutrients via other neighbouring tissues.
  • Capable of regenetaton
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Functions of epithelia

A
  • Protecting underlying structure
  • Actings as barriers
  • Permitting the passage of substances, filters toxins
  • Secreting substances
  • Absorbing substances
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Microvilli

A
  • Increases surface area for absorption or secretion
  • Finger-like projections on apical side
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cilia

A
  • Move material across cell surface
  • Wave-like actions for moving those materials along the surface
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Simple

A
  • One layer of cells
  • All in contact with the basement membrane
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Stratified

A
  • More than one layer
  • Only the bottom cells are attached to the basement layer, whereas the rest of the cells are stacked on top of one another
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pseudostratified

A
  • Tissue appears to be stratified but all cells contact basement membrane
  • Cells are at different heights…some reach free surface, while others dont.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Squamous

A
  • Flat, scale-like
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cuboidal

A
  • About equal in heigh and width
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Columnar

A
  • Taller than wide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Simple squamous

A

Structure: Single layer of flat cells
Location: Lining the blood vessels, alveoli of the lungs, bowman’s capsule of kidney, lining ous serous membrane
Function: Diffusion, filtration, secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Simple cuboidal

A

Structure: Single layer of cube-shaped cells
Location: Kidney tubules, glands and their ducts, and surface of the overies
Function: Secretion and absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Simple columnar

A

Structure: Single layer of tall, narrow cells. Some have cilia and or microvilli (ciliated/ nonciliated)…all cells reach surface
Location: Glands, bronchioles, uterus, uterine tubes, stomach, intestines, gallbladder, vestricles of the brain
Function: Movement of particles, secretion by glands of the stomach

17
Q

Pseudostratified columnar

A

Structure: All cells reach basement membrane. Almost always ciliated and associated with goblets (mucus-producing cells)…notice that nuleus is at varying heights…not all cells reach surface
Location: Lining of most of the upper repiratory tract; male urethra and epididymis
Function: Synthesize and secrete mucus, moves mucus (or fluid) that contains foregin particles, absorption and protection

18
Q

Stratified squamous

A

Structure: Multiple layers of cells that are cuboidal in the basal layer and progressively flatten towards the surface
Location: Nonkeratinized (alive surface cells) are located in the mouth and throat, keratinzed (dead surface cells) is found on skin
Function: protection against abrasion, UV, water loss, infection

19
Q

Transitional

A

Structure: Stratified, cells change shape depending upon amoung of distension of the organ
Location: lining of urinary system
Function: Accomodates fluctuations in volumes of fluid in the organ; protect against the caustic effects of urine.

20
Q

Glands

A
  • A single cell or mass of epithelial cell adapted for secretion of two kinds:
    1. Endocrine: no open contact with exterior, no ducts, produces hormones which is released in extracellular space and travels through blood cells sending signals to other parts of the body
  1. Exocrine: open contact maintained with exterior; ducts…sweat, oil, mammary
21
Q

Connective Tissues

A
  • Abundant, found in every organ
  • Consists of cells and extracullular matrix
  • Require a direct supply of blood expect in cartilage and tendons.
22
Q

Functions of connective tissues

A
  • Enclose organs as a capsule
  • Connect tissues to one another (ligaments, or tendons)
  • Support and movement (bone)
  • Storage of fat
  • Cushion and insulate
  • Transports blood
  • Protection
23
Q

Blasts

A
  • Creates the matrix
  • Immature cells, build the tissue up
  • Once the blast finish their job, they turn into cyte cells, maka mature version of cell.
24
Q

Cytes

A
  • Maintain the matrix
25
Q

Clasts

A
  • Break the matrix down for remodeling
  • Break previous matrix so that new blast cells can come in and rebuild
26
Q

Extracellular matrix

A
  1. Protein fibers
    - Collagen: Most common protein in body; strong; flexible; inelastic, bundled together.
    - Reticular: Fill spaces between tissues and organs. Fine collagousous, form branching network
    - Elastic: Returns to its original shape after distension or compression. Contain molecules of proteinelastin that resemble coiled springs; molecules are cross-linked.
  2. Ground substance
    - Hyaluronic acid, proteoglycan, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), adhesion proteins
    - May be fluid, semifluid, gelatinous or calcified
27
Q

Mature connective tissue

A
  • Connective tissue proper: Loose (areolar, adipose, reticular) vs dense (regular/ irregular collagenous/elastic)
  • Supporting connective tissue
  • Fluid connective tissue
28
Q

Loose areolar

A
  • Looses packing material of most organs and tissue
  • Attaches skin to underlying tissue
  • Contains collagen, reticular, elastic fibers
29
Q

Adipose Tissue

A
  • Specialized for storage of trigycerides
  • Found inbetween the areolar CT
  • Energy store, supports and protects organs
30
Q

Dense Regular Collagenous

A
  • Has abundant collagen fibers that resist stretching
  • i.e tendons and ligaments
31
Q

Dense Irregular Collagenous

A
  • Protein fibers arragned in a randomly ortiented network
  • Forms most of the dermis of the skin, scars, capsules of kidney and spleen
32
Q

Dense regular elastic

A
  • Ligament in vocal folds; nuchal ligament
  • Collagen fibers give strength (for when your shout), but elastic fibers are more prevalent
33
Q

Dense irregular elastic

A
  • Bundles of sheets of collagenous and elastic fibers ortiented in multiple directions; contains mostly elastic fibers
  • In walls of elastic arteries
  • Strong, yet elastic

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (FINAL) (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions