Tissues Flashcards
Tissue
Group or layer of cells that work together to perform a specific function
Nervous Tissue
Transmits signals (sensory, pain, temperature etc.)
Epithelial Tissue
Main functions are protection, absorption and secretion.
Muscular Tissue
Responsible for movement
Connective Tissue
Supports and binds other tissues
Histology
The study of cells or tissues under a microscope
hist =tissue ology= the study of
Simple Squamous
One layer of flat scale like epithelial cells that line blood vessels and air sacs in the lungs
Stratified Squamous
Multiple layers of flat scale like epithelial cells that protect underlying tissues from damage
found in mouth and skin
Cuboidal
describes a epithelial cell or layer of cells that is cube shaped
functions are secretion, absorption and protection
Columnar
describes a epithelial cell or layer of cells that is shaped as a rod or column
functions are excretion and absorption
Loose Fibrous
Holds organs in place, provides cushioning and support for surrounding structures
Dense Fibrous
Protects, supports and holds bones, muscles and other tissues in place
Makes up ligaments, tendons and the white part of the eye (sclera)
Blood
A connective tissue that connects all parts of the body through the transport of oxygen, nutrients and immune cells while also removing waste such as carbon dioxide
Bone
Connective tissue that provides structural support and acts as the framework for movement, protects and supports organs
Skeletal Muscle
Under direct conscious control with visible striations (stripes), makes up muscles responsible for body movement
Smooth Muscle
Not under direct conscious control, located in blood vessels and organs, no visible striations (stripes)
Cardiac Muscle
Not under direct conscious control with visible striations located in the heart
Neurons
Cell of nervous tissue responsible for the transmission of sensory signals
Striated
The shape of the striated muscles are cylindrical and has multiple nuclei. (Think striated = stripes)
Unstriated
The shape of the unstriated muscles are spindle and has one nuclei. (Think unstriated = no stripes)
Pseudo-
fake; trying to pass as something that’s not real
Ground Substance
transparent material with the properties of a viscous solution or a highly hydrated thin gel; made up of water, proteins, and large carbohydrates
ECM
Extracellular matrix (OUTSIDE the cell)
Adipose tissue
fat; a type of connective tissue used for fat energy storage, cushioning, insulation
Cartilage
Strong & flexible connective tissue that absorbs shock. Found in the ears, nose, and between bones
Hyaline Cartilage
Most common type of cartilage in your body; lines joints and caps the ends of your bones; located at the ends of bones that form joints, between ribs, in the nasal passages.
Elastic Cartilage
Most flexible cartilage, can bounce back to its original shape, even after a strong force. Ears, eustachian tubes (the tube that carries sounds from the external ear into the head) and the larynx (your voice box).
Fibrocartilage
tough cartilage made of thick fibers; strongest and least flexible of the three types; locations include the meniscus in the knee, disks between the spinal vertebrae, supporting muscles, tendons and ligaments in the body.
Glial cells
also known as neuroglia or “nerve glue”, cells that support nerve cells, or neurons, in the nervous system, assist in speeding up and protecting the transmission of sensory signals
Organization of life
organelle < cells < tissues < organs < organ systems < organism
Voluntary muscles
These muscles are consciously controlled and attached to the skeleton. They are used for intentional movements, such as walking, physical activity, and sports.
Involuntary muscles
These muscles operate automatically without conscious effort. They are responsible for functions such as digestion, breathing, and heart rate.
Adipocytes
Produce and store fat for energy consumption
aka fat cells or lipocytes
Chondrocytes
Produce cartilage and maintain ECM
Osteocytes
Produce mature bone, maintain bony ECM
Keratinocytes
Produce keratin in the skin
Goblet Cells
A type of epithelial cell that lines the stomach, intestines, and respiratory tract, produces mucous and aids in digestion
Myocytes
One muscle cell, the smallest subunit of muscle tissue
