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Anatomy > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Types of Tissues

A

Epithelial Tissue
Loose Connective Tissue
Dense connective tissue

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2
Q

Epithelial Tissue

A

Structure: squamous, cuboidal, or columnar in shape and may be arranged in single or multiple layers.

Functions: Covers the body and lines cavities and glands within the body
Protect the body from physical damage, control what substances enter and leave the body
Provide sensory information
Secrete various substances

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3
Q

Simple Squamous ET

A

Structure: A single layer of flattened cells

Function: Allows for rapid diffusion due to thinness

Examples in the body: Gas exchanging cavity of the lungs
The lining of the abdominal cavity
Lines blood vessels and inside of the heart

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4
Q

Simple cuboidal ET

A

Structure: Single layer of cubed cells

Function: Secretion and absorption

Examples in the body: Surround tubules in the kidneys
Found in various Secretory Glands

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5
Q

Simple columnar ET

A

Structure: Single Layer of column cells

Function: Have secretory and absorption function

Examples in the body: Lining of ducts in kidneys
Stomach and intestines

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6
Q

Stratified squamous ET

A

Function: where chemical and mechanical protection is needed

Found on the surface of skin and other areas with direct contact to outside such as the mouth and throat

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7
Q

Stratified cuboidal ET

A

Function: protection, excretion, and secretion

Found in some exocrine ducts

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8
Q

Stratified columnar ET

A

Function: Protection and mucous secretion

Found in lining ducts of the pancreas and salivary gland

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9
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Functions: Giving the body and organs the strength to resist external forces
Protect internal organs
Allows for movement of muscles

Types of fibers in Connective tissues: Collagen fibers- thick strong and resistant to stretch that
Reticular Fibers-thinner and less strong and keep cells in place
Elastic fibers- thinnest can be stretched and can spring back into place

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10
Q

Areolar LCT

A

Structure: contains all three types of fibers (collagen, elastic, and reticular), which are distributed randomly and crisscrossed in all directions

Function: Provide support, strength, and elasticity to overlying epithelial tissue
Plays a role in inflammation and immune system defenses due to containing cells involved in the inflammation process and immune system function

Locations in the body: Under the top layer of the skin

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11
Q

Adipose LCT

A

Structure: mainly composed of round, fat cells called adipocytes

Function: Reservoir for fuel, thermal insulation, and cushioning for organs

Location in the body: under your skin, between your internal organs, and even in the inner cavities of bones

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12
Q

Reticular LCT

A

Structure: a branched and mesh-like pattern, due to the arrangement of reticular fibers

Function: Provide Structural Support, framework for blood-forming cells, immune defenses

Locations in the body:
Lymph nodes
Bone marrow
Spleen

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13
Q

Dense Connective Tissue

A

Has few cells and its extracellular matrix is mostly made of fibers

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14
Q

Regular DCT

A

Structure: Collagen fibers that are mostly parallel to each other
Function: Transfer forces to the bones
Locations: Tendons and ligaments

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15
Q

Irregular DCT

A

Structure: Composed of collagen fibers that go in different directions

Function: Resisting stretching forces

Location: Skin and joints

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16
Q

Elastic DCT

A

Structure: Made of squiggly elastic fibers that go in the same direction

Function: Resisting to stretching

Location: Found in the airways and large arteries

17
Q

Cartilage

A

Found at the end of bones and between bones

Its function is to support flexibility and minimize friction.

Contains Chondroblasts that secrete the extracellular matrix which contains collagen fibers and proteoglycan molecules (made of protein and carbohydrates). These molecules bind to water molecules which allows cartilage to be resistant to compression

18
Q

Hyaline Cartilage

A

Structure: a pearl-gray semi-translucent matrix (The smooth, shiny substance at the end of turkey bones)

Location: Ends of long bone and ribs

19
Q

Elastic Cartilage

A

Structure: Contains more fibers and many chondroblasts

Location: External ear and epiglottis

20
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Structure: Contains more collagen fibers than the other types of cartilage and less chondroblasts

Function: Stronger than the other types of cartilage

Locations in the body: Disc between vertebrae and in the discs of the knee joint

21
Q

Bone

A

Structure: Made of osteocytes which secrete the extracellular matrix of bone that contains collagen fibers and calcium salts.

Function: Support and protect the other tissues
Calcium and phosphate storage
House bone marrow

22
Q

Spongy bone

A

Structure: Contains small plates and bars of bone called trabeculae with cavities for bone marrow

Function: helps to lessen the weight of a bone while still providing strength
House bone marrow

Location: At the end of a long bone

23
Q

Compact bone

A

Structure: Has a central canal called the osteogenic canal with a ring formation around it called lamellae

Function: Provides protection and strength

Location: Outer layer of bone, particularly around the shaft

24
Q

Muscle Tissue

A

Function: To allow our body to move

Structure: Skeletal and cardiac tissue are striated and smooth is uniform

Locations: Bones, heart, and organs

25
Q

Skeletal Muscle

A

Structure:
Long , thin cells
Have multiple Nuclei
Striations

Function: Pulls on the bone to make us move

Location: Attached to bones

26
Q

Cardiac Muscle

A

Structure:
- Shorter cells
- Has noticeable divisions/connections between cells which are called intercalated discs
- Striated

Function: Generated ATP to continuously make the heart pump

Location: Heart

27
Q

Smooth Muscle

A

Structure: long-thin filaments that are not striated

Function: Help with digestion and nutrient collection

Location: Found in hollow organs ex: blood vessels and gastrointestinal tract

28
Q

Nerve Tissue

A

Structure: Looks like a star and contains dendrites, cell body, and axon

Function: Convey information by electrical signaling

Location: Brain and spinal cord

29
Q

3 types of Fibers

A

Collagen fibers- thick strong and resistant to stretch that

Reticular Fibers-thinner and less strong and keep cells in place

Elastic fibers- thinnest can be stretched and can spring back to a place

Anatomy (5 decks)

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