TISSUE NEMATODES - Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, Loa loa Flashcards
diagnostic sample
blood
microfilariae become L1 larva in the
thoracic muscle
in humans, adult stage (b. malayi and w. bancrofti) is found in the
lymphatics
second leading cause of permanent and long term disability
lymphatic filariasis
filarial parasites for w. bancrofti
Bancroftian filaria
filarial parasites for b. malayi
malayan filaria
vectors for w. bancrofti
anopheles
aedes
culex
vectors for b. malayi
Mansonia bonneae, M. uniformis
common name of w. bancrofti
bancroft’s filarial worm
common name for b. malayi
malayan filarial worm
host adult for w. bancrofti
lower lymphatic
host adult for b. malayi
upper lymphatic
describe microfilaria of w. bancrofti
cephalic space: 1:1 as long as it is broad
body nuclei: well-spaced, has space in between
Tip of tail: no nuclei
describe microfilaria of b. malayi
cephalic space: 2:1 longer than wide
Body nuclei: crowded
tip of tail: 2 nuclei
appearance of w. bancrofti
graceful curve
appearance of b. malayi
kinky/stiff
sheath affinity to giemsa
b. malayi - stained pink (darker stained)
w. bancrofti = unstained
predispose to secondary bacterial infections and inflammatory response to skin and subcutaneous tissue
lymphagiogenesis
characterized by clinical and immunologic hyper-responsiveness to the mature worms
expatriate syndrome
symptoms for expatriate syndrome
hives
rashes
blood eosinophilia + lymphagitis & lymphadenitis
swelling of lymph channels
lymphagitis
swelling of lymph nodes
lymphadenitis
asymptomatic microfilaremia is also called as
endemic normals
patient lives within the endemic arae and possesses no symptoms
asymptomatic microfilaremia
main reservoir for infection
asymptomatic microfilaremia
cells inhibited in b. malayi infection due to the worm’s immunoregulatory mechanism
inhibition of CD4 T cells