NEMATODES - Capillaria philippinensis, Enterobius vermicularis Flashcards
common name for c. philippinensis
pudoc worm
mode of transmission
ingestion of raw freshwater fish
types of freshwater fish that acts as intermediate host for c. philippinensis
bagsit, birut, bagsang
CP: where do embryonation takes place
water
CP: type of femle that immediately produces larva = autoinfection
larviparous larva
CP: infective stage
encysted larva in freshwater fish
CP: diagnostic stage
unembryonated egg in stool
CP: describe posterior and anterior end
Posterior: rounded
Anterior: tapered/pointed
CP: unique feature; whole esophagus is called
stichosome
CP: rows of secretory cells; each compartment/striation/cell of the esophagus is called
stichocytes
CP: border of anterior and posterior in females
vulva
CP: posterior end of females
uterus
CP: parasites embedded on the walls of the intestine can cause
micro-ulcers
mechanical compression
patients w/ c. philippinensis cannot absorb and digest food properly = diarrhea due to
atrophied villi
CP: production of carbon dioxide due to digestion of carbohydrates by bacteria
gurgling (borborygmus)
CP: protein-losing enteropathy causes; happens when hydrostatic pressure is not opposed due to the absence of albumin
edema
CP: absent electrolytes causing electrolyte imbalance = death
sodium
potassium
calcium
malbasorption of fats and sugar
c. philippinensis
CP: reservoir host
migratory birds
describe tha egg shape of c. philippinensis
peanut shaped w striated shells and flattened bipolar plugs
natural hosts for the CP
fish-eating birds
CP superfamily
Trichinelloidea
CP: incidental host
humans
usuall clinical manifestation for persons w c. philippinensis
abdominal pain
borborygmi
test shown to have 100% sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of capillariasis
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) using T. spiralis antigen
CP: drug of choice
albendazole
CP: parasites can be recovered from the intestine through
duodenal aspiration
describe the male spicule of CP
has unspined sheath
similar feature of CP with SS
bipolar plugs
fluid and electrolyte replacement treatment for CP
oresol
dextrose
EV: infective stage
embryonated ova
EV: diagnostic stage
eggs on perianal folds
EV: anterior and posterior
Anterior: cuticular alar expansions (cephalic alae)
Posterior: prominent posterior esophageal bulb
common name of e. vermicularis
pinworm
EV: dies after copulation
male
defining feature of e. vermicularis
presence of cervical alae
EV: for mechanical protection
outer triple albuminous covering
EV: for chemical protection
inner embryonic lipodal membrane
method of lab diagnosis for e. vermicularis
Graham’s scotch adhesive tape swab / perianl cellulose tape swab
only nematode that cannot be controlled by proper human waste disposal
e. vermicularis
e. vermicularis infection is characterized by
perianal itching or pruritus ani
most common helminth parasite identified in temperate regions
e. vermicularis
EV: MIGRATE to the perianal area during evening hours
adult female worms
EV: migrate down the intestinal tract –> anus to DEPOSIT EGGS on the perianal skin
gravid female worms
EV: has esophageal bulb but absent cephalic alae
rhabditiform larvae
EV: female usually dies after ?
egg deposition
EV: eggs remain viable in moist conditions for up to ?
13 days
EV: eggs remain viable longest under what condition
fairly high humidity
moderate temperature
pinworm eggs have occassionaly been reported from these ectopic sites
lung and liver
e. vermicularis is describes as
familial or a group disease
EV: cure is only considered after - using scotch-tape method
consecute 7 perianal smears (negative)
EV route of infection
mouth
respiratory system (via inhalation)
Anus (retroinfection)
EV prevalence is consistently high in
females
