Tissue Formation Flashcards
how are eukaryotic cells unique in their “division of labor”
not all cells need to have the same function. Different tissues, different cells, different functions.
what are the four main tissue types
epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous tissues
what are epithelial tissues?
tissues that cover the body and cavities, protect against pathogen invasion, and desiccation (drying out)
to remain as a single unit, epithelial cells are tightly joined to each other, and to an underlying layer of connective tissue known as the:
basement membrane
the function epithelial cells heavily depends on:
the organ which they are found
what is a parenchyma?
the functional part of an organ
the functional part of a tissue (parenchyma) is usually made of which type of tissue cells?
epithelial
what does it mean when “epithelial cells are often polarized”
one side of the cell faces a lumen (hollow inside of organ or tube), other side interacts with blood vessels/structural cells
what is a lumen?
a tube or channel, an opening of cells
how would you describe the small intestine in terms of “polarized cells”
one side of the cell faces the lumen, and is involved with nutrient absorption. The other side releases those nutrients for the rest of the body.
how can different epithelia be classified?
by the number of layers and the shape of their cells
what is simple epithelia?
1 layer of epithelial cells
what is stratified epithelia?
multiple layers of epithelia
what is pseudostratified epithelia?
it looks like multiple layers, but it’s a tall, single layer
what are cuboidal cells?
cube shaped cells
what are columnar cells?
long and thin cells
what are squamous cells?
flat and scalelike cells
what is connective tissue?
tissue that supports the body, and provides a framework for epithelial cells to do their function
what is the stroma of an organ?
not the functional tissue. The support structure. Bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, adipose tissue, blood are examples.
The stroma of an organ is typically made up of what type of tissue?
connective tissue.
what is the extracellular matrix
a scaffolding made of non-cells that binds cells and regulates various cell functions.
what are two major materials from connective tissues are found in the extracellular matrix
collagen and elastin
