Prokaryotic Domains Flashcards
Do prokaryotes have organelles?
no
How is genetic material organized in a prokaryote?
into a single circular molecule of DNA
where is the DNA located in a prokaryote?
in the nucleoid region
What are the three domains of life?
Archaea, bacteria, eukarya
does archaea have genes?
yes
does bacteria have genes?
no
are archaea more similar to bacteria or eukarya
eukarya
Are all archaea extreme?
No, some can be found in the human body.
both eukaryotes and archaea begin translation with which amino acid?
methionine
Which use DNA with histones? Bacteria, archaea, or eukarya.
Both archaea and eukarya
Describe the chromosome of archaea
It is a single circular chromosome
How do archaea divide?
by binary fission or budding
what are fimbriae?
many thin projections that allow a bacteria to stick to a surface
How do bacterial ribosomes differ from eukaryotic ribosomes in size?
Bacterial ribosomes are much smaller than eukaryotic ribosomes.
How is Vitamin K produced in the body?
By bacteria
Why is vitamin K important?
it is used in plasma proteins, which are used for blood blotting
Why are newborns given a vitamin K injection?
It comes from bacteria, which is not found in newborns, so they are given it to increase clotting ability of blood.
What is the approximate ratio of bacteria:human cells in a human?
10:1
what does it mean when bacteria are mutualistic symbiotes
both human and bacteria benefit
What are pathogens?
They don’t cause an advantage for the host. They cause disease.
Are pathogens found inside or outside of cells?
it can be either.
Chlamydia - STD, internal Clostridium tetani (tetanus) - outside of cell, toxins go into bloodstream
