Tissue and Cell Injury Flashcards
What is homeostasis?
a steady state which is closely maintained
What is hypertrophy?
where our cells get bigger
What is hyperplasia?
where we grow more cells
What are the 3 categories of growth receptors?
receptors with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity, receptors without this and 7 transmembrane G-protein coupled
What are the 4 main stages in order or cell cycle?
G1, S, G2, M
What controls cell cycle?
CDK’s
What happens during G1?
cell gets bigger by increased protein synthesis
What activated CDK4 in G1?
Cyclin D
What does CDK4 do?
phosphorylates Rb
If phosphorylated what can’t Rb bind to?
E2F
What happens by end of S phase?
cell should have 2 copies of genome
Where is the main checkpoint in cell cycle?
end of G2
What does p53 do?
check cells for mistakes. Cancer can keep dividing if p53 doesn’t check it
What do telomeres do?
cap end of chromosomes stop them degrading and fusion
Hyperplasia must be in response to what?
external stimulus
