Neoplasia 2 Flashcards
Name a common inherited predisposition
BRCA
What does autosomal dominant mean?
only need one faulty copy of the gene for it to have an effect
What is the double hit hypothesis?
that one working gene is enough. Those who have inherited one faulty copy are at increased risk
Give an example of the double hit hypothesis
p53 or APC
Is an initiator on its own enough to cause cancer?
no
How does chemical carcinogenesis work?
Damage DNA. Dependant on chemical involved seem to cause specific and recurrent carcinogenesis
5 main tumours associated with smoking are?
lungs, head and neck, bladder, cervical
How many carcinogenesis are associated with smoking?
over 40
What chemicals that can cause cancer are found in smoked meats?
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Where do aflatoxins come from?
fungus
What mutations are associated with aflatoxins?
p53
Beta naphthylines are connected to cancer where?
bladder
Why does UVB radiation cause cancer?
because nucleotide excision repair is eventually overwhelmed
What else can cause cancer?
certain viruses
What cyclin is present in G1?
Cyclin D
