Tissue Flashcards
What is tissue?
A group of cells with common functions
How can we differentiate tissue type under microscope?
Epithelial tissue-cells only
Connective tissue-cell living in matrix with fibers
Nerve tissue-Unique shape
What are 4 main types of tissue?
Epithelial tissue
Connective Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Nervous Tissue
surfaces of epithelial tissue
Contains 2 surface
1)Apical surface-exposed exterior[face the lumen] and also contains cilia(func:Propel substance)or microvilli(Func:Secretion,absorption)
2)Basal surface-exposed interior [Face the organ] and connected with connective tissue
Basal lamina+reticular lumina forms sheet like structure
Features of epithelial tissue
-contains 2 surface;apical and basal
-calls are arranged in side by side and held by tight junction,desmosomes
-Avascular(no blood vessels)
-innervated(supplied with nerves)
-regenerate very quickly
-all tissues are polarized(b/c of 2 surfaces)
Functions of epithelial tissue
1)Protection
2)Exchanging nutrients
3)Synthesis and secretion
Features of connective tissue
-contains cells + ground substance matrix + fibers
-derived from mesenchyme (embryonic connective tissue)
-vascular(except cartilage)
-Good nerve supply(except cartilage)
-cells can be distinguished by extracellular matrix
Function of connective tissue
1)Connect body parts
2)Binding
3)Support
4)Protection
5)Insulation
6)Storage
7)Transportation
Component of matrix
Intestial fluid + proteins + Protieoglycans
Types of fibers in connective tissue
1)Collagen fibers-Tough
2)Elastic fibers-Stretch
3)Reticular fibers-Branching collagen that form networks
Different cells types in connective tissue
Resident cells (that are fixed in tissue)
Transient cells( cells that can move between connective tissue and blood vessels)
Cells that made up connective tissues proper(loose and dense)
Both mature and immature
Mature cells-Fibrocyte
Immature cells-Fibroblasts
Cells that made up Cartilage
Both mature and immature
Mature cells-Chondrocytes
Immature cells-Chondroblasts
Cells that made up Bone
Both mature and immature
Mature cells-Osteocytes
Immature cells-Osteoblasts
Cells that made up blood
Both mature and immature
Mature cells and immature cells- Hemetopioetic stem cells
Cells that made up fat
Both mature and immature
Mature cells-Adipocyte
Immature cells-Adipoblasts
Cell division of connective tissue
Cells produce matrix and fibers during mitotic state
Eg.Fibroblasts produce collagen fibers and elastic fibers
Features of Skeletal muscle
-Composed of muscle cells or muscle fibers
-All cells consist of filaments
-All muscle contraction relies on Ca2+ ions
-innervated
Function of skeletal muscle
Body movement
Features of Nervous tissue
All nervous tissue forms a brain
Function of nervous tissue
Receive , processing and transmission of stimuli
Epithelial cells types
Squamous—->flat cells
Cuboidal——>boxy cells
Columnar——->long cells
Each can be divided according to their shape either simple or stratified
Detail classification of epithelial tissue
1)Simple squamous epithelium
2)Simple cuboidal epithelium
3)Simple columnar epithelium
4)Stratified squamous epithelium
5)Stratified cuboidal epithelium
6)Pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium
7)Transitional epithelium
8)Glandular epithelium
Simple squamous epithelium
Cell shape and func
single,flat cells with disc-like nucleus
Function-exchange of material by DIFFUSION
Air sacs of lungs
Inner lining of blood vessels and heart
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Cell shape and func
Single layer of boxy cells
Function-Secretion and Absorption
Lining of intestines(Digestive juices secretion and nutrient absorption)
Lining of Fallopian tube(Movement of egg by cilia)
Simple columnar epithelium
Cell shape and func
Single layer of long cells
Function-secretion and absorption
Kidney tubules
Glands-Thyroid glands and salivary glands
Stratified squamous epithelium
Cell shape and func
Several layer of flat cells(basal surfaceမှာcellတွေပွါးပြီးregenerate မြန်မြန်ဖြစ်)
Function-Protection
Skin
Mouth
Esophagus
Rectum
Anus
Vagina
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
Cell shape and func
Several layers of boxy cells
Pseudo-straitified squamous epithelium
Cell shape and func
Single layer of cells with wide spread nuclei(cellကone layerပေမဲ့nucleus တွေများနေလို့several layerထင်ရ)
Function-Secret and move mucus
Mucus membrane of respiratory tract and trachea
Transitional epithelium
Cell shape and func
Function-Cells that can stretch and change shape when cavity filled with liquid
Urinary bladder
Uterus
Glandular epithelium
Cell shape and func
Function-Secret hormone
Endocrine glands(glands without ducts)
Exocrine glands(glands with ducts)
Connective tissue types
1)Connective tissue proper—->Loose and Dense
2)Supporting connective tissue—->Bone and Cartilage
3)Liquid Connective tissue——>Blood and lymph
Types of Loose Connective tissue (Most abundant)
1)Areolar connective tissue
2)Adipose connective tissue
3)Reticular connective tissue
Types of Dense connective tissue
1)Regular connective tissue
2)Irregular connective tissue
3)Elastic connective tissue
Types of cartilage
1)Hyaline cartilage-most abundant
2)Elastic cartilage
3)Fibrocartilage-strongest