Timeline of labour, Stages of labour

Question 1

during first time pregnancies, how does the uterus sink?

Answer 1

forward and downward 2-4 weeks before turm, when fetal head descends into true pelvis

Question 2

when the uterus sinks forward and downward how does it help the mother and disadvantage the mother?

Answer 2

Mothers then breathe more easily, but have more bladder pressure and urinate more frequently, Patient may feel persistent low back-ache and sacroiliac distress, Braxton hicks

Question 3

what are Braxton hicks?

Answer 3

Patient may identify strong, frequent and irregular uterine contractions

Question 4

when the uterus sinks forward and downward, what happens to the vaginal mucous?

Answer 4

becomes more profuse due to the extreme congestion of the vaginal mucous membranes. Brownish / blood tinged mucus may also be passed. Cervix ripens and may begin to dilate

Question 5

what is nesting

Answer 5

Possible Energy Surg

Question 6

The causes of labour onset are multi factorial and include hormonal increase of what?

Answer 6

estrogen, oxytocin, and prostalangins, and a decrease of progesterone

Question 7

during the days proceeding labour, does the mother lose or gain wt?

Answer 7

loss of 0.5 to 1.5 kg in weight, caused by water loss due to water loss due to electrolyte shifts that are produced by changes in estrogen and progesterone levels

Question 8

when does nesting occur?

Answer 8

Days proceeding labour

Question 9

what are some possible symptoms of the days proceeding labour?

Answer 9

diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and indigestion

Question 10

what is stage one of labour?

Answer 10

Lasts from onset of regular contractions to full dilation of cervix
Longer than the second and third stages combined

Question 11

what are the two phases of labour?

Answer 11

latent and active

Question 12

what is the latent phase in stage one of labour?

Answer 12

progress in effacement (thin/stretch) of cervix, little increase in descent

Question 13

what is the active phase in stage one of labour?

Answer 13

rapid dilation of the cervix and increased rate of descent of the presenting part

Question 14

what is stage 2 of labour?

Answer 14

Lasts from the time cervix is fully dilated to the birth of the fetus

Question 15

what is the latent phase in stage 2 of labour?

Answer 15

passive fetal descent, fetus rotates to an anterior position as a result of ongoing contractions. No urge to bear down. Some patients do not experience this phase at all.

Question 16

what is the active phase in stage 2 of labour?

Answer 16

patient has strong urge to bear down as fetus descends and presses on stretch receptors of the pelvic floor.

Question 17

what is stage 3 of labour?

Answer 17

Lasts from birth of fetus until placenta delivery
Placenta normally separates with the third or fourth strong uterine contraction after the infant has been born
- usually 3-5 mins

Question 18

when is the placenta delivered after birth?

Answer 18

placenta can be delivered with next contraction after baby is delivered

Question 19

in the third stage of labour, what can contribute to decreased catecholamine an production of oxytocin which contributes to placental separation?

Answer 19

Creating a warm environment, encouraging skin-to-skin contact between mother and newborn, and reducing fear and anxiety

Question 20

what is stage 4 of labour?

Answer 20

Begins with delivery of placenta and includes the first 2h after birth
Period of immediate recovery and the reestablishment of homeostasis

Question 21

in what stage is parent child bonding and attachment?

Answer 21

4